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The Effect of Clare's Plan on Female Students' Achievement in the History Subject in the Institute of Teachers' Preparation
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Teaching through the system of personal learning, known as (Clare's plan) is amongst the most prominent plans which depend on self-education, as it received worldwide recognition. The plan lets the learner achieve learning by depending on himself after being familiar with the educational goals given to him, then he starts to solve the exercises and the drills accompanying the unit. After that, he checks his achievement by answering the self-evaluation tests. This method offers more opportunities for personal interaction than do the traditional systems, and individual leaning is a methodical expression aims at taking care of the learner and making him the locus of the processes of teaching and learning.

Aims of the study: the effect of Clare's plan on the achievement of female students in the history subject in the institute of teachers' preparation.

Hypothesis of the study: There is no significant statistical difference at 0.05 level of indication between the mean score of female students who study by using Clare's plan and those who study using the usual (traditional) method in achievement.

Limits of the study: the current study is limited to female students in daytime institutes of teachers' preparation in Baghdad Province/the center.

Terminology: Clare's Plan, achievement, history

Chapter two: previous studies that dealt with (Clare's plan with achievement).

Chapter three:

First: experimental design: the researcher adopted an experimental design of two groups: experimental and control, and an achievement post-test.

Second: female students of institute of teachers' preparation / daytime in Baghdad City, the center / the academic year 2011-2012

Third: class A represented the experimental group, while class B represented the control group.

The researcher equalized the variables (scores in the history subject and intelligence test).

The researcher formulated (30) behavioural goals depending on the general aims and the content of the history topics that were going to be taught during the experiment divided on the first three levels in the cognitive zone of Bloom's classification (knowledge, comprehension, application).

The researcher prepared a test to measure achievement, consisting of (30) multiple-choice items. The researcher used a number of statistical tools among which (single variance analysis, item difficulty and item discrimination formula, person correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown formula).

Chapter four: the researcher presents in this chapter the results that she has reached in pursuant with the aim of the study (the hypothesis of the study was rejected and the results showed that there was statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups).

Conclusions

In the light of the results that the current study has reached, the following can be concluded:

  • Female students of the institute of teachers' preparation are in need of using untraditional teaching techniques, including Clare's plan.
  • Using Clare's model leads to better learning achievement.

Recommendations 

  • History teachers should be familiar with Clare's plan and its steps in order to use it in teaching history.
  • Training elementary and secondary school teachers in the course of preparing them in the institutes of teachers' preparation.

Suggestions

In order to follow up the current study, the researcher suggests conducting the following studies:

  • Conducting a study to compare Clare's plan with other self-learning techniques (like programmed learning and educational case)

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2022
Journal Name
Al-academy
The psychology of nightmares (horror) in the cinematic movie
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Psychology is one of the sciences that consciously overlap in terms of mutual influence with art forms in general and cinematic arts in particular. The psychological effect can be extrapolated into the visual image through the characters and their actions, especially the adoption of psychoanalytic ideas and proposals that came by (Freud), The cinema benefited from the concepts of psychology and participated in the process of creativity and the manufacture of events or the actions of characters, such as the concepts of consciousness and subconsciousness to express the psychological dimension of the film events, these data can be counted on the level of nightmares in the cinematic movies.
The methodological framework included the rese

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis of The Effect of The Administration of Communications Towers in The Selling Prices of Residential Real estate )New University Village Model(
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Abstract                          

 Should be the goal of Government controls, including environmental controls and safety laws to protect citizens from the harmful effects of negative secreted by human's additions and changes in the environment. and perhaps the protection aspects of the protection of citizens from the adverse effects of communications towers, including those produced by towers of health effects. The people the right to choose the nature of the physical environment, which should not be imposed on them by others. Communications towers are one of the main problems that have been

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect of electronic governance in Auditing Quality Research applied at the Economic Organization
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The research paper aims to highlight the impact of electronic governance in improving the quality of auditing through accounting disclosure and how to make use out of it in resolving many of the problems by economic units in general and in particular the financial problems in particular. It focuses on the most important financial information of the loss of confidence and credibility in the financial information of the economic units, This study  has  been carried out through the use and application of many of the principles and rules contained in the electronic governance, The most important Which is the accounting disclosure, and hence the dimensions of accounting for electronic governance through the achievement of ac

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The aesthetics of employing the Cap Cut program in the montage and effects of digital content on the Internet
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Traditional programs and the tedious and financially costly processes they require are no longer the best choice for content makers. The continuous development and development have led to the emergence of competitive software that offers capabilities that are more suitable for aesthetic needs, as it breaks down stereotypical frameworks from the familiar to the unfamiliar to be more suitable for graphic subjects in terms of dealing with the requirements of the digital content industry. Video for communication platforms, as it has more advantages than traditional software and the flexibility and high quality it offers at the level of the final product, All of this contributed to supplementing the image with aesthetic employments with data

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Electronic Apparatus on Developing Balance in National Center for Gifted in Boxing and Basketball
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The problem of the research lies in special motor abilities training programs like the balance that positively affect coordination between the nervous system and muscles. These training programs did not get enough attention from athletes especially young athletes; their training was restricted to physical abilities like strength, speed, and endurance instead. The research aimed at designing an apparatus for developing athletes’ balance in national centers for gifted/ ministry of youth and sport so as to provide a measurement for coached in this field. The results showed that the designed apparatus have a positive effect on developing the subjects’ balance in boxing and basketball athletes.

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Female education in Iraq 1921-1958 - A historical Study-
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In spite of the foundation of Iraqi state in 1921 and the formation of the new features of
the modern state, however, the inherited costumes and traditions sustained in the conservative
society. But due to the development that inflicted to the Iraqi society and the development of
the staff in all fields and requirement conducting to female learning. After WW II and the
1950s, women get out of their houses to seek learning by approaching the doors.
What is positive about that phase was the formation of the College of Queen A'liya
which is regarded as a positive indicator. In any case the Iraqi family encouraged women to
be indulged in higher education. Calling the college Queen A'liya

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The added value of internal audit and its role in achieving independence and responsibility: applied research in the Rafidain State Company for Dams implementation
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The added value of internal audit greatly contributes to adding value to the institution, but most departments of economic units in Iraq neglected the role of internal audit and the added value that can be achieved by those institutions, since the term added value of internal audit is a relatively vague term from the premise that what cannot be measured is difficult Determine it, and perhaps descriptive standards for it is the extent of compliance with international auditing standards (IIA).

The research aims to study the procedures and results of auditing to verify that they have given an added value to the audit with a positive impact, develop its aspects and research, identify deficiencies for the audi

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 02 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education
The effect of special exercises in the rehabilitation of the shoulder muscle for the youth wrestling category
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shoulder joint by preparing special exercises for the youth-category wrestling, and through the researchers' follow-up to the wrestling game and their work in the field of rehabilitation and physical therapy, noticing that most of the wrestling players suffer from the shoulder joint pain despite their visit to the specialist doctor and take Treatment, so the researchers saw to study this problem and restore the recovery of the injured through special exercises and a suitable qualification program for the shoulder joint muscles, the goal of research in preparing special exercises and knowing its effect on the rehabilitation of the background muscle of the shoulder for the youth wrestling category. The researchers assumed that there are stati

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 09 2021
Journal Name
Review Of International Geographical Education
E-Learning Applications According To The Levels Of STEM Literacy For Teachers Of Physics At The Secondary Stage
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E-learning applications according to the levels of enlightenment (STEM Literacy) for physics teachers in the secondary stage. The sample consists of (400) teachers, at a rate of (200) males (50%), and (200)females (50%), distributed over (6) directorates of education in Baghdad governorate on both sides of Rusafa and Karkh. To verify the research goals, the researcher built a scale of e-learning applications according to the levels of STEM Literacy, which consists of (50) items distributed over (5) levels. The face validity of the scale and its stability were verified by extracting the stability coefficient through the internal consistency method “Alf-Cronbach”. The following statistical means were used: Pearson correlation coefficient,

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis the Impact of Corruption on Investment in Iraq
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There are different types of corruptions such as administrative, political, economic and financial corruption. The corruption forms also varied such as bribery, nepotism and extortion. All types and forms of corruption play significant role in the all economic variables generally and on investments in particular, and the corruption used to be an intermediate means in reducing the rate of economic growth.  The corruption contributes in reducing the domestic investments via pay bribery by investors to officials’ persons for supplemental contracts and tenders which finally leads to reduction in the investment efficiency. The corruption also contributes in rise of operational costs for the investment projects.  In additio

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