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Early marriage for the minors: a phenomenon of family violence against children
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It is certain that marriage has the favor of the continuity of human kind since the Prophet Adam till now. But this important event is threatened by some justifications which lead to its delay or abandonment. In the West, sexual relations, illegal friendships, and disrespect of marriage sacredness lead to this delay. While the reasons behind the delay of marriage in the Arab world refer to high dowries, women go out to work, and the religious and scientific ignorance of the need and importance of marriage. The problem also differs according to the difference between the rural and urban regions. On one hand, we find that early marriage is a necessity in the rural regions; on the other hand, the delay of marriage is a clear and natural matter in cities.

       But recently a new problem starts to increase which is the marriage of the minors (under the age of 18 years) which is considered as family violence against children.  Hence forth, this research deals with this problem, and analyzes it's positive and negative sides since marriage is an institution that must be built on the right basis like equivalence, and the ability to hold the responsibility. Subsequently, age plays a great role in marriage as it may affect negatively especially if it becomes obligatory on individual.

             Accordingly, this research inquires the following three questions:

  1. Is marriage of the minors preferable?
  2. Is it a family violence or not?
  3. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

            After applying the tool of the research on 125 adult female students, the research has come to the following results: -

  1. It is not preferable for those under 18 years of age.
  2. It is considered a family violence against children.
  3. It has many disadvantages including an early divorce, the feeling of regret, as well as the inability to hold responsibility.

           But the advantage of early marriage is that it protects the young from deviation.

        In coordination with the Ministries of Education and Higher Education and Scientific Research, the researcher has recommended that there should be some studies that sensitize about the marriage of the minors, its social and economic influences, and its negative results in the future.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of nurses' knowledge towards signs of gross motor delay for children at Alhawija District in Kirkuk Governorate
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Background: the early identification of developmental disabilities allows intervention at the earliest possible point to
improve the developmental potential.
Objective: Identify the scope of knowledge of nurses toward signs of gross motor delay for children and its relation to
their demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive study design was conducted at (18) primary health care centers in first of the primary
health care sector of Alhawija District in Kirkuk Governorate. This study started from September 2010 to the end of
January 2011, in order to identify the level of nurses' knowledge toward signs of gross motor delay for children in
primary health care centers. Non probability (purposive) sample of

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of performance of the inspection teams in the appraisal of health situation in Dhi-Qar case research in the Health Department of Dhi-Qar
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Abstract

Research aims : The aim of the research is to evaluate the reality of the inspection teams' work in the health institutions belonging to Dhi-Qar health office .

Purpose: This research seeks to present a point of view based on knowing the extent of health service quality in Dhi-Qar governorate and discover the role of the inspection teams in enhancing the health service.

Design / Methodology/ Approach: The experimental method has been used and the questionnaire has also been used to collect data in order to develop a reliable and correct measurement model for the research's variables . The research's hypotheses have been tested through using some statistical treat

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Bionatura
Study on the anti-microbial effect of Sinigrin against some pathogenic bacterial species
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The increasing anti-bacterial drug resistance is one of the biggest challenges facing doctors around the globe, so finding alternative treatments is one of the ideal options to overcome this problem. The cruciferous family is one of the wealthiest plants worldwide because it contains the most important secondary metabolites, glucosinolates, known for their anti-microbial properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-bacterial effect of glucosinolates (Sinigrin) against eight bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces, Proteus mirabilis and Streptococcus pneumoniae). The current study investigated six concentrations of pure

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Biofilm Inhibitory Potential of Compound Produced from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Against Pathogenic Microorganisms
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Microalgae present much usefulness for antimicrobial research because of its enormous biodiversity and rapid growth rate. From this study results it is reaveled that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were isolated from a pond of water in the province of Diwaniyah. The culture supernatants were obtained when extracted with methanol solvent. Antimicrobial activity of extracts was tested for pathogens, and the best inhibition zone obtained was against Candida albicans (32mm), S.aureus (15mm), and to E.coli (9mm). While it showed no effect against both S.epidermidis and Klebsiella spp. Biofilm was formed by all tested isolates with differences in its strength formation. The C. reinhardtii

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
EFFECT OF ADDING TWO (Curcuma longa) LEVELS OF CURCUMA ON SOME PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR QUAIL JAPANESE.: EFFECT OF ADDING TWO (Curcuma longa) LEVELS OF CURCUMA ON SOME PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR QUAIL JAPANESE.
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A study carried out in quail’s field owned by the Department of Animal production/ Collage of Agriculture / Tikrit University. For the period 14/ 5/ 2016 to 4/ 6/ 2016 in order to study the effect of adding Curcuma longa - to the diet of quails - on some productive and physiological characteristics of the Japanese quail birds bred for meat production. Using (48) quail birds which are two weeks old provided by Department of Agricultural Research. The birds were divided randomly after weighing them into three treatments; four replicate treatments for (4 bird/ replicate). The treatments as follows: (T1) control group (fed diet without any supplement), second (T2) and third (T3) groups were fed diet supplemental 4.5 and 9g Curcuma powder /

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Antimicrobial Activity of Locally Synthesized Carbon Nanosphere on Some Pathogenic Species of Bacteria and Parasites
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Antibacterial activity of CNSs against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was estimated. Higher inhibition zone of 18 mm and 20 mm were observed against S. aureus and E.coli, respectively, at a concentration of 2 mg/ml of carbon nanosphere after 24 hrs of incubation at 37 ºC. In vitro cytotoxicity experiment was performed on two parasite strains of Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica by using MTT assay. L. donovani revealed more sensitiv to the CNSs than L. tropica. An intermediate level of cytotoxicity of 51.31 % was observed when 2.4 mg/ml of CNSs was incubated with L. donovani, while weak cytotoxicity of 37.20 % was shown when the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Third Order Differential Subordination for Analytic Functions Involving Convolution Operator
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       In the present paper, by making use of the new generalized operator, some results of third order differential subordination and differential superordination consequence for analytic functions are obtained. Also, some sandwich-type theorems are presented.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Improving the Performance of Constructed Wetland Microbial Fuel Cell (CW- MFC) for Wastewater Treatment and Electricity Generation
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The current study deals with the performance of constructed wetland (CW) incorporating a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. The whole unit is referred to as CW-MFC. This technique involves two treatments; the first is an aerobic treatment which occurs in the upper layer of the system (cathode section) and the second is anaerobic biological treatment in the lower layer of the system (anode section). Two types of electrode material were tested; stainless steel and graphite. Three configurations for electrodes arrangement CW-MFC were used. In the first unit of CW-MFC, the anode was graphite plate (GPa) and cathode was also graphite plate (GPc), in the second CW-MFC unit, the anode was stainless st

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Causal Relationship between Forgiveness and Psychological Hardiness For University Students
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The research aimed to identify the causal relationship between forgiveness and psychological hardness for university students, by answering the following questions: Does forgiveness cause psychological hardiness? Does psychological hardiness cause forgiveness? Is the relationship between the two variables a reciprocal relationship? The research sample consisted of (300) male and female students from the universities of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya University. To extract the psychometric properties of the two scales: forgiveness and psychological hardiness, a sample of (50) male and female students employed to repeat the test, making the six connections between the two research variables. To determine the causal relationship, The Pearson c

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The impact of education differentiated strategy to modify the alternative conceptions Geographical concepts when students First grade average
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The aim of this study was to know ( the impact of education differentiated strategy to modify the alternative developments of geographical concepts when students first grade average) .
      To achieve the goal of this study , researcher relied on the experimental design of a partial set , the design is ( the experimental group with a control group of post-test )
.

                                              &nbs

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