لم تعد اللغة مجرد أداة للتعبير عما يفكر به المتكلمون، إذ تعدت ذلك إلى أن تكون سبيلاً في صناعة العالم على وفق مقاربة تداولية، وقف عليها علماء البحث اللساني من أمثال أوستن و هرسل، للكشف عما وراء اللغة، وما يقصده المتكلمون، والبحث عن أفعال الكلام التي يسعى المتحدثون الى استعمالها، ولذلك اتجهت هذه الدراسة للوقوف على شعر عصر صدر الإسلام، واجراء دراسة تداولية لاستكشاف الأفعال التي كثيرا ما استعملها شعراء الإسلام

Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master and beloved Muhammad and all his family and companions. As for what follows:

The present study aims to explore determinants of entrepreneurial behavior from perspective of social theory. It is based on model notions of (Tyler & Blader, 2003) which have focused on studying role of positively personal and social identity in motivating employees to practicing desired behavior which serves the organization in which they work. Based on these notions and previous literature, study model were built. This model explains the relationship between status judgments (perceived internal respect and perceived external prestige)  and entrepreneurial behavior. It includes three main hypotheses. The first and second hypothesis are concerning the relationship between status judgmen

Sustainability is a major demand and need pursued by cities in all areas of life due to the environmental, social and economic gains they provide, especially in the field of city planning and urban renewal projects that aim to integrate the past, present and future.

The research aims to evaluate the Haifa Street renewal project, and Al-Shawaka district, one of the Baghdad districts located next to Al-Karkh, was elected by comparing the sustainability indicators of urban renewal with the reality of the situation through a field survey and questionnaire form and focusing on the social and economic impacts and environmental for the project on the study area. To reach the most important conclusions and recommendations

Film and literature exchanges it’s influences since the early beginning of the motion pictures appearance .it was a phenomenon in other genres such as theatre ,short stories and novels .the film used out of this interaction with literature the content , themes and subjects whish were more attached to the society. based on that , the film gains it’s successes and wide spread of influences on it’s audiences who became more familiar with the motion picture style.Astrok , the French film critic wrote about “Camera the pain “ and called it as the a way of writing in the future .he was talking about the future’s role of the film .It is the importance of the film in the creation and documenting the life and its various fields.Becaus

This research involves the civilized vision of the trends and approaches of philosophical thought in the Islamic Orient, whose objectives were to show Islamic philosophy and the pioneers of thought in it and the most important products that crystallized after its emergence in the Islamic world

This research aims to shed light on the geography of Shatt Al-Gharraf, one of the main branches of the Tigris River south of the sedimentary plain, where the changes exposed by this Shatt (river) were followed by a set of old and modern maps, which date back to the years(3000 BC, 1771 AD, 1810 AD, 1944 AD, 1959 AD, 2009 AD, 2017 AD).Through this research, Shatt al-Gharrafwas found to be an integrated river in terms of the geomorphological phenomena of the rivers (river meanders, river islands, marshes, and estuary). Besides, it was exposed to several changes especially itsdownstream in the Euphrates. It was previously flowing into the Euphrates but due to a number of factors such as the shortage of water in the Tigris River in recent yea

substitution is considered a method of meaning enrichment and is a formal substitution for the letter or the word inside the text, and it is an expression substitution that is a replacement of an element of a text with a formal or graphic element, and a substitution of a latter form by a previous vocalization, thus it results in a cohesive expression. Replacement inside the text happens through the existing relation between the word or the letter and the form within the phenomenon that is based on enhancing the meaning in a way that delimits the context. There are many studies and researches written about replacement, especially in the textual linguistics that focused on the literary and linguistic texts. Hence, the researcher found that

The roots of international relations: peace or war: A critical review A great debate has taken place about international relations between scholars concerning peace and War .The concept of root is matched with that of exception. And the importance of the research lies in the ensuing results in the report about the legitimacy of war and the space it holds, so if the origin of international relation is war .the obstacles against it are going to decrease .and if the origin lies in peace then the dimension of its legitimacy will narrow. key words: international relation –peace-war. Résumé : L’Origine des relations internationales : guerre ou paix : révisions critiques L’origine des relations internationales entre guerre et paix, a s

Imam Muslim bin Qasim al-Qurtubi   And his efforts in wound and modification