The study aimed to examine the phonological processing profile for students with and without reading disabilities in cycle 1 schools of basic education in the Governorate of Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The study participants included 306 students, 165 students with reading disabilities and 141 students without reading disabilities. The Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (CTOPP) and Working Memory Test (WMT) were administered to the participants. The results of the study showed that the mean score of students without reading disabilities was higher than that of students of reading disabilities in all measures of phonological processing, and that there are statistically significant differences on the case of students in all scales of composite phonological processing , and there are statistically significant differences for the grade on students' scores in the scales of phonological awareness, phonological memory, rapid naming and alternative scale of rapid naming . There are also statistically significant differences for the interaction between the grade and the case on the students' grades in the rapid naming, there is no statistically significant effect of gender, case-gender interaction, class-gender interaction, gender-case-grade interaction on students' scores on composite phonological processing scales. The results also resulted in statistically significant differences between students with reading disabilities and student without reading disabilities attributed to the interaction between the grade and the case, while there is no statistically significant effect of the interaction between the case and the gender and the interaction between the grade and the case and the gender in the sub-acoustic phonological processing scales. The results also indicate a statistically significant correlation between the phonological awareness test and the working memory test among students with and student without reading disabilities. The phonological memory test was only significant with students with reading disabilities. As for the sub-tests, the word pronunciation test after deleting part of it, and the test of merging syllables indicated a statistically significant relationship with the working memory test with students with reading disabilities and student without reading disabilities, while the test of remembering numbers and the test of the rapid naming of things were only significant with students with reading disabilities. In light of the results, we hope that phonological processing skills will be incorporated into the school curriculum, and that comprehensive testing of phonological processing will be used as a diagnostic tool for students in basic education.
تعد عملية اتخاذ القرارات الستراتجية للموازنة الراسمالية احدى المعضلات التي تواجه منظمات الاعمال عند القيام بتخصيص ، او اعادة تخصيص مواردها الاقتصادية النادرة على أفضل استخدام ، والسبب يعود الى ان هذا النوع من القرارات ينطوي على صعوبات متعددة ومختلفة نظراً لندرة الموارد من ناحية الاستخدامات البديلة المتنافسة على هذه الموارد من ناحية اخرى .
كما ان تنفيذ المشروعات الراسمالية يحتاج الى تمويل ضخم ومدة زم
... Show Moreقراءة في تأسيس الدولة العراقية 1921 الاهداف والنتائج
Si Alfonso x el sabio y la Escuela de Traductores de Toledo habia hecho del castellana una lengua apta para la expresión cientifica, fue Pablo Neruda quien aplicó su sentido artistico para crear una poesia amorosa de caracter lileraria. Por lo tanto, pocos poetas han llegado ton populares come. Pablo Neruda, en el mismg tiempo: se comsidera esccitor de una abundante producción literaria ne sólo en su ciudad natal de (Chile), Sino ha sida uno de los padres de la poesia hispanoamericana contemporónea. Ademas la influencia que ejerció en el grupo de poetas de la Generación del 27, con los que empezó a relacionarse durante su estancia en Madrid, fue decisiva también para la poesia espańola. Esa era la razon principal que me hizo pe
... Show Moreدور الحكومات في بناء الدولة ضمن اطار الدستور
The mihrab is an architectural element created by the Muslims for the necessities of which the direction of Qibla is set in the mosques, and the front stands in it during the prayer so as to provide a complete description of the Muslims inside the chapel. The mihrab has a third benefit in amplifying the voice during the time of prayer, Peace be upon him) and the Mosque of Damascus, the Mosque of Kairouan, and the Mosque of Amr Balfstat?.
واقع ومستقبل الصراعات الدولية والاقليمية في البحر الاحمر
اثر المحددات الخارجية والداخلية في بناء الدولة العراقية
Jean-Paul Sartre est la figure principale de l’existentialisme au XXe siècle et spécialement à partir des années cinquante. En partant du travail dans les lycées dans les années trente comme professeur de philosophie, passant par la guerre qui l’obligeait à rester comme témoin passif jusqu’à de l’après guerre avec la naissance de l’existentialisme, Sartre déploie tous ses efforts pour une référence intellectuelle majeure sur tous les fronts: littéraire, philosophique et politique. Dans tous ses livres Sartre aborde le statut de la littérature des idées et de l’écrivain dans la société. Il apparait comme un réactionnaire qui cherche à « régler ses comptes avec le milieu bourgeois dans leq
... Show MoreThe internationalization of the Libyan crisis and its accompanying militarization of the conflict have played a vital role in hindering to reach a comprehensive political settlement solution in Libya. The increasing international greediness in the Libyan energy resources and the geopolitical importance of the Libyan State led to the involvement of many international and regional powers in this crisis and transformed the Libyan crisis into “proxy war”. Moreover, the Turkish direct military intervention in the Libyan crisis is considered as one of the main constraints facing the international and regional efforts to settle the Libyan crisis as a result of the Turkish insistence on its military existence in Libya to preserve i
... Show More
If the syntactic structure is a reflection of what is in the mind of the creator of synergies