The study aimed to examine the phonological processing profile for students with and without reading disabilities in cycle 1 schools of basic education in the Governorate of Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The study participants included 306 students, 165 students with reading disabilities and 141 students without reading disabilities. The Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (CTOPP) and Working Memory Test (WMT) were administered to the participants. The results of the study showed that the mean score of students without reading disabilities was higher than that of students of reading disabilities in all measures of phonological processing, and that there are statistically significant differences on the case of students in all scales of composite phonological processing , and there are statistically significant differences for the grade on students' scores in the scales of phonological awareness, phonological memory, rapid naming and alternative scale of rapid naming . There are also statistically significant differences for the interaction between the grade and the case on the students' grades in the rapid naming, there is no statistically significant effect of gender, case-gender interaction, class-gender interaction, gender-case-grade interaction on students' scores on composite phonological processing scales. The results also resulted in statistically significant differences between students with reading disabilities and student without reading disabilities attributed to the interaction between the grade and the case, while there is no statistically significant effect of the interaction between the case and the gender and the interaction between the grade and the case and the gender in the sub-acoustic phonological processing scales. The results also indicate a statistically significant correlation between the phonological awareness test and the working memory test among students with and student without reading disabilities. The phonological memory test was only significant with students with reading disabilities. As for the sub-tests, the word pronunciation test after deleting part of it, and the test of merging syllables indicated a statistically significant relationship with the working memory test with students with reading disabilities and student without reading disabilities, while the test of remembering numbers and the test of the rapid naming of things were only significant with students with reading disabilities. In light of the results, we hope that phonological processing skills will be incorporated into the school curriculum, and that comprehensive testing of phonological processing will be used as a diagnostic tool for students in basic education.
تعد دراسة الموارد الماءية السطحية من المواضيع المهمة وذلك لكثرة السكان وازدهار استهلاك الإنسان لمياه الشرب وفي مجال الشرب والزراعة والصناعة وكثرة الملوثات في المياه وكيفية معالجتها
لقد شهدت المنطقة العربية تحولات وتغييرات شاملة انطوت على عنصري المفاجأة من حيث التوقيت، وانعكاساتها الاقليمية والدولية، إذ اجتاحت الدول العربية ثورات شعبية احدثت جملة من التغيرات والتبدلات الجيوسياسية، اذ استطاع بعضها اقتلاع انظمة حاكمة كان من غير المتصور ان تتزحزح من مكانها مع تسلحها بكل ادوات العصر من القمع والديكتاتورية الاستبداد، لذا كان للطابع الشعبي السلمي والنجاح الذي تحقق للشعوب العربية كما في م
... Show Moreتنشر الولايات المتحدة قوات في جميع دول القارة الافريقية بهدف السيطرة الكاملة عليها وتحقيق اهدافها ومصالحها
It is important to set the background of stiffen arbitration agreement, to understand the real reasons of the fighting. When the Syrians began to lose, raised the masahif and made their announcement, most the qurrar, and so no need to continued fighting.
In their view all that remained was the matter of drawing up formal peace with Ali, Muamiya; Ali would recognize as Amir al-muminin by both Syrian and Iraqis.
The most of the Iraqisfavored settlement for different persons, for example-A'shath, the most power full of the clan leaders of Rabia, his interest by insuring that neither Ali nor Mu
... Show More In research it is an important phonemic change for the speaker to reach Ease and lightness ,wich is the kinetic follow-up , and we tried to collect the scattered matter in the various dialects.
it is studied with the ancient and modern Showing the occurrence of this term between both sides Then we clarified the phoneme explanation for this phenomenon
The strategic approach had a great effect on information technology analysis which relevant to business organizations. The role was explicated, through uses of the strategic leadership for these approaches to support the strategic capabilities (powers) and its contribution to reach the advantage and superiority strategy. This paper was attempt to reveal the strategic philosophy or strategic talent mind had a big role on confrontation the strategic risk and challenges. The paper was concluded by represents a wide perspective for the information technology and its effects on organizations strategic role. The topic can be considered as a rational and reasonable contribution, in addition to the opportunist pragmatic analysis will sup
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أن التطور الاقتصادي في أية دولة إنما يقاس بالدور الذي يلعبه القطاع الصناعي في اقتصادياتها، ومقدار ما يسهم به في الناتج المحلي الأجمالي. ولا يخفى أن ينسب ذلك إلى خصوصيات هذا القطاع بوصفه الميدان الذي تتحقق فيه انجازات الثورة العلمية والتكنولوجية أكثر من غيره من الميادين، وأرتباطاته الأمامية والخلفية مع سائر القطاعات. يضاف إلى ذلك أن القطاعات الأخرى تتأثر ايجاباً بنمو القطاع الصناعي، كما انه المسؤول
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As the major role of oil sector in financing and development of Iraqi economy this study tried to research on the factors which influencing the future of oil production in Iraq and for that study addressed the hypothesis (the production and export of crude oil in Iraq , influenced by many factors divided into internal and external factors this factors shared the effect varies in the size of their participation and runs from different sectors economic , political and social , in order to test the study hypothesis study addressed the subject of three axes(an overview of the history and facts of crude oil production in Iraq and factors internal Affecting the future of oil production in Iraq and external factors affecting the future
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