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The effect of rural building types informing the type of traditional courtyard houses in Sulaimaneyah city.
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The types of traditional houses vary from region to region according to physical and non-physical circumstances, and Sulaymaniyah city is characterized by a type of traditional houses that differ significantly from those in most cities and regions neighboring are always different from the general pattern that is prevalent in the region and the Muslim world.

 

The aim of this research is to study the cause of this difference or distinction in the traditional houses in Sulaimaniyah city, by comparing the most common models in these houses and comparing them with the general models of village houses that originally existed in the region to relaize the convergence and contrast between them. The research was based on a comprehensive practical study that lasted more than four years in which all the traditional houses that still exist to this day are mostly documented .this is by studying the types and the relationship among the components of mass and space in these houses in general, and the courtyard of each of these houses with its own mass in particular.

 

The research assumed that the rural building types that prevailed before and at the emergence of the Sulaymaniyah city clearly affected the formation of the residential building types that formed the residential architecture of Sulaymaniyah city later. It appeared that most of the models of the remaining houses in Sulaimaniyah belong to the type closest to the houses that were common in the neighboring villages of the city and that the traditional houses in the city still clearly contain the planning features of the village houses. this indicates that the types of traditional houses in Sulaimaniyah is clearly and totally influenced by the rural houses that were common in the villages that originally made up of this city and are an extension of it.

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 24 2025
Journal Name
Desalination And Water Treatment
Removal of lead, cadmium, and copper from wastewater using Cinnamon bark waste to introduce it as a value-added product: Removal, kinetics and thermodynamics study
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermal Studies, and Antioxidant Activities of Azo Dye[2-[(3-Hydroxyphenyl)diazinyl]-1,2-Benzothiazol-3(2H)-one-1,1-Dioxide]and Metal Ion Complexes
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The new azo dye was synthesized via the reaction of the diazonium salt form of 3-aminophenol with 2-hydroxyquinoline. This dye was then used to access a series of complexes with the chlorides of manganese, iron, zinc, cadmium, and vanadium sulfate. The prepared ligand and its complexes were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter, and microelemental analysis. Conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, metal content, and chlorine content of the complexes were also measured. The ligand and cadmium complex were identified using1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the shape of the ligand is a trigonal planner, and the c

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 10 2025
Journal Name
Cell Biochemistry And Biophysics
Green Tea–Driven Green Synthesis of a Curcumin@Platinum Nanohybrid with Multifunctional Antioxidant, Burn-Healing Agent, and Selective Anticancer against PANC-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cells
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This study aimed to fabricate a curcumin@platinum nanohybrid (CUR@Pt NPs) through a green tea–based synthesis method and to evaluate its various functions, including antioxidant, burn-healing, and selective anticancer activities against PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. Green tea polyphenols served as natural reducing and stabilizing agents, facilitating an eco-friendly, single-step manufacturing process. Physicochemical characterization confirmed successful nanohybrid formation: a CUR@Pt band appeared at 457 nm in the UV–Vis spectrum, XRD displayed crystalline platinum peaks at 2θ = 46.9°, and 67.0°, matching the (200), and (220) planes, respectively, and TEM images showed well-dispersed spherical nanoparticles with an average siz

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 11 2023
Journal Name
Healthcare
Short-Term (4 Day) Effects of Oral Rinsing with Miswak and Green Tea on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Flow and IL-1β Levels: A Pilot Study
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Despite the antiplaque effect of mouth-rinsing with a combination composed of miswak (Salvadora persica L.) and green tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) extracts, no data are available regarding its effect on gingival tissue at the molecular level. This pilot study aimed to assess the effect of oral rinsing with this combination on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) flow and IL-1β levels. Ten subjects rinsed with either the combination, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) or distilled water without toothbrushing for 4 days after receiving baseline polishing. GCF IL-1β concentration, influx, resting volume and plaque quantity were measured at baseline and after 4 days for each intervention. No significant differences in GCF flow or

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2024
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis, Structure and Biological Activity Studies of New Metal Ion Complexes Based on 3-[(3-Hydroxynaphthalene-2-yl-ethylidene)-hydrazono]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one
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In the present study, a novel ligand (L) made of 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde and 3-hydrazone-1,3-dihydro-indole-2-one(3-[(3-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl-ethylidene)-hydrazono]-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one). The ligand was characterized by FTIR, UV-vis, mass, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and CHN elemental analysis. New complexes of this ligand were created by treating methanol and a drop of DMF solution of the produced ligand with the hydrated metal salts of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) in a molar ratio of 2:1 (L:M). As a result, complexes have been emerged and identified FTIR, UV-vis, C.H.N., chloride-containing, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, and atomic absorption. The characterization result for each complex indicated complexes wi

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Publication Date
Thu May 05 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Mixed-1,10-phenanthroline with Mn(II), Cu(II),Co(II), Hg(II) and Ni(II) complexes Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity and Spectroscopic Characterization of Binuclear Schiff Base
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The M(II) complexes [M2 (phen)2 (L)(H2O)2Cl2 ] in (2:1:2 (M:L:phen) molar ratio, (where M(II) =Mn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Hg(II), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; L = 2,2'-(1Z,1'Z)-(biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(azan-1-yl-1-ylidene))bis(methan-1-yl-1- ylidene)diphenol] were synthesized. The mixed complexes have been prepared and characterized using 1H and13C NMR, UV/Visible, FTIR spectra methods and elemental microanalysis, as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The metal complexes were tested in vitro against three types of pathogenic bacteria microorganisms: Staphylococcus aurous, Escherichia coli, Bacillussubtilis and Pseudomonasaeroginosa to assess their antimicrobial properties. From this study shows that all the

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 27 2025
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Chemical Society Of Ethiopia
Synthesis, characterization, dyeing performance, and microbial evaluation of 5-((2,4-dibromo-6-((cyclohexyl(methyl)amino) methyl)phenyl)diazenyl)quinolin-8-ol complexes with some metallic ions
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5-((2,4-dibromo-6-((cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)diazenyl)quinolin-8-ol azo ligand (L) has been synthesized through the reaction of diazonium salt for 2,4-dibromo-6-((cyclohexyl(methyl)amino)methyl)aniline with 8-hydroxyquinoline. The azo ligand (L) was characterized utilizing spectroscopic techniques, including FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR, as well as mass spectrometry and micro-elemental analysis (C.H.N). Metal complexes containing Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) were synthesized and analyzed through mass spectrometry, flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis (C.H.N), infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy, along with measurements of conductivity and magnetic properties. The experimental findings suggested that all met

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 28 2014
Journal Name
Advances In Life Science And Technology
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Schiff Bases, N-Acyl and Diazetines Derived from 3-((5-hydrazinyl-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4- triazol-3-yl)methyl)-1H-indole
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This work involves synthesis of some new heterocyclic compounds including 1, 3-diazetine. The new Schiff bases [VI] ad derived from 3-((5-hydrazinyl-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-yl) methyl)-1H-indole [V] which was synthesized by refluxing 5-((1H-indol-3-yl) methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol [IV] with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol and this amino compound [V] condensation with different aromatic aldehydes in absolute ethanol to yielded a new Schiff bases [VI] ad. N-acyl compounds [VII] ad were synthesized by addition reaction of acetyl chloride to imine group of Schiff bases in dry benzene. The new diazetine derivatives [VIII] ad synthesized by the reaction of N-acyl compounds [VII] ad with sodium azide in dimethylformamid

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 23 2017
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis and Antioxidant Ability of Some New 6-amino-7H- [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl) Derivatives Bearing 2,6-Dimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)Phenol Moiety
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Compound 4-(((6-amino-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methoxy)methyl)- 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (6) was synthesized by multi steps. The corresponding acetonitrile thioalkyl (7) was cyclized by refluxing with acetic acid to afford 4-(((6-amino-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methoxy)methyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (8). Two new series of 4-(((6-(3- (4-aryl)thioureido)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4] thiadiazin-3-yl)methoxy)methyl)-2,6- dimethoxyphenol (9a-c) and of 4-(((6-(substitutedbenzamido)7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methoxy)methyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (10a-c) were synthesized as new derivatives for fused 1,2,4-trizaole-thiadiazine(8). The antioxidants of newly compounds were evaluated by DPPH

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Health Science Reports
Diagnostic potential of salivary interleukin‐17, RANKL, and OPG to differentiate between periodontal health and disease and discriminate stable and unstable periodontitis: A case‐control study
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Abstract<sec><title>Background and Aims

Limitations of the conventional diagnostic techniques urged researchers to seek novel methods to predict, diagnose, and monitor periodontal disease. Use of the biomarkers available in oral fluids could be a revolutionary surrogate for the manual probing/diagnostic radiograph. Several salivary biomarkers have the potential to accurately discriminate periodontal health and disease. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of salivary interleukin (IL)‐17, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL/OPG for differentiating (1) periodontal health from disease and (2) stable a

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