This research addresses skeletal deformities in two freshwater fish species, namely the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, and Leuciscus vorax (also known as the Tigris asp), sampled from two Iraqi sites: The Euphrates River, Lake Al-Tharthar, and the Tigris River near Al-Zubaydiyah City. High-resolution digital radiography was used to detect skeletal deformities in 40 specimens (20 specimens per species). Five different types of deformities were observed in C. carpio: abdominal rib deformity (13.6% of the deformed specimens), ankylosis (18.8%), caudal fin ray deformity (4.6%), kyphosis (4.6%), and vertebral deformity (4.6%). In L. vorax, three categories were observed: caudal fin skeleton deformity (4.6%), vertebral compression syndrome

Fish, like other living organisms, are susceptible to infection with a variety of parasites. Fish is almost not free of parasites, as internal and external parasites. Parasites are organisms of great importance because of their different types and multiple life cycles, they are used as evidence of environmental pollution, and the life of the host . This study dealt with the database of studies of fish parasites in Iraq. Which includes the following classes of parasites: Nematodes as Rhabdochona sp., Anisakis sp., Monogenic as Cichlidogyrus sclerosus , Dactylogyrus anchorayus, Discocotyle sagittata, Dactylogyrus arcuatus, Dactylogyrus extensus, Dactylogyrus simplex, Dactylogyrus Gussevi , Dactylogyrus inexpectatus. Ciliates as Tricho

A total of 294 specimens of hard ticks (141 male and 153 female) were collected from dog (Canis familiaris) 22 (13 / 9) specimens, from red fox (Vulpes vulpes) 97 (45/52) specimens, from Asiatic jackal (Canis aureus) 170 (80 / 90) specimens and from wolf (Canis lupus) 5 (3/2) specimens; that were caught from the middle, western and southern regions of Iraq. The canine infected with hard ticks in different places of the body that ear, dorsal and all the body. Ticks were removed from the animals using forceps and kept in small tube containing 70% Ethanol and transported to the laboratory in the Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum for species identification. The current study revealed to three species of hard ticks morphologically

Studies were conducted from 1980 to 1989 to determine the insect pests infested animal museum collections in Iraq. Twelve species of Coleoptera were recovered, eleven belonged to the Dermestidae, and one to the Tenebrionidae. Of these Anthrenus coloratus Reitt. and Phradonoma nobile (Reitt.) were the most commonest and widely distributed species. Trogoderma bactrianum Zhant. and Orphilus niger (Rossi) were recorded here for the first time in Iraq.

Examination of 241 specimens of two bee-eater species, Merops apiaster and Merops
superciliosus persicus reveal recording of Haemoproteus meropis (Zagar, 1945) emend.
Bennett, 1978 and H. manwelli Bennett, 1978 for the first time in Iraq. A new species
Haemoproteus hudaidensis sp. nov. is described. Microfilariae are also infected the two host
species. The results are discussed with the pertinent literature and the necessary comparision
of morphometric measurements of the recorded parasites with that previously reported is
provided along with a taxonomic key including the newly described haemoproteid.

This study combines palynological, ecological, and molecular techniques to elucidate the taxonomic relationships within the complex genus Centaurea. By analysing quantitative parameters such as P, E, P/E ratio, colpus length, exine thickness, and ornamentation from SEM studies, we investigated pollen morphology across five species-C. behen, C. regia, C. iberica, C. virgata, and C. solstitialis-collected along a climatic gradient in Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. The findings indicate significant ecotypic variation strongly associated with local environmental conditions. Iranian populations, adapted to dry conditions, exhibit thicker exines and longer colpi, suggesting enhanced desiccation resistance. Turkish populations tend to have thinner exines

The Supreme Judicial Council decided on July 3, 2003, to set up a court to deal with the issues of publication and media. This court tries to solve the problems of media and publishing in both its civil and penal aspects. The decision of establishing the court represents a new and important step to be taken by the Iraqi Judicial Council for the tremendous development witnessed by media sector in general and press in particular especially after 2003.
This study includes two main axes: the first one deals with the most important crimes of publication in the Iraqi legislations such as the crimes of defamation, libel, insult, indecency, and incitement; the second deals with an analytical survey of the completed cases i.e. the issues tha

The importance of regional development resides in the provision of aid and other assistance to regions that are less economically developed. The purpose of this research is to identify the development possibilities and resources at the regional level, which can be tapped for the development of secondary cities. This research aims to shed light on the importance of urban planning in creating regional balance and relieving population and service pressure on major cities. The research answers the question relative to how urban planners can work towards the idea of creating development corridors including the cities located within them, whilst focusing more on the regional dimension and the topic of sustainable urbanization. This research assum

The research aims to identify the extent to which Iraqi private banks practice profit management motivated by reducing the taxable base by increasing the provision for loan losses by relying on the LLP it model, which consists of a main independent variable (net profit before tax) and independent sub-variables (bank size, total debts to total equity, loans granted to total obligations) under the name of the variables governing the banking business. (Colmgrove-Smirnov) was used to test the normal distribution of data for all banks during the period 2017-2020, and then find the correlation between the main independent variable sub and the dependent variable by means of the correlation coefficient person, and then using the multiple

يرغب المرء أن يعيش في منزل يعبر عن اصالة تصميمه ذا اهداف جمالية كحاجته الى تحقيق الأهداف العملية. وعليه فمن الأهمية بمكان ان يشارك أصحابه مع المعنيين[1] بشؤون التصميم... وهنا ارتأت الباحثة ان تقوم بدراسة علمية حديثة حول ورق الجدران ثلاثي الابعاد وتوظيفة في غرفة المعيشة, وباسلوب عصري حديث يجمع بين جمالية التصميم والحداثة , إضافة الى تناول الإضاءة لما لها من دور في ابراز معالم وتفاصيل الأثاث