In despite of the expansion of using the dummy variables as a explanatory variables, but their using as a dependent variables is still limited, and the reason of that may be return to may problems when using dummy variables as a dependent variables. the study aimed to using the quality Response Models to Measuring Efficiency of cows farms by random sample including (19) farm from (Abi gherak district). The study estimating the transcendental logarithmic production function by using stochastic frontier Analysis (SFA) to interpret the relation between the return achieved from the cows farms as a dependent variables and each of labor and capital as an independent variables. the function indicates that increasing in labor by (100%) will

Kriging, a geostatistical technique, has been used for many years to evaluate groundwater quality. The best estimation data for unsampled points were determined by using this method depending on measured variables for an area. The groundwater contaminants assessment worldwide was found through many kriging methods. The present paper shows a review of the most known methods of kriging that were used in estimating and mapping the groundwater quality. Indicator kriging, simple kriging, cokriging, ordinary kriging, disjunctive kriging and lognormal kriging are the most used techniques. In addition, the concept of the disjunctive kriging method was explained in this work to be easily understood.

Abstract. Froth flotation is a well-known solid-liquid separation technique. Hydrophobicity is the main driving force for such processes. Hydrophobic solids attach to air bubbles and rise up while hydrophilic or less hydrophobic species settle down. Froth can be produced with chemical frothers such as alcohols and polyglycols. However, the use of chemicals limits the use of this separation method in applications such as drinking water, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, developing a technique that produces froth without adding any chemicals would be useful to such industries. This work demonstrates that with suitable operating parameters a 27 cm froth height can be obtained in a 20 cm diameter column by using an air

The adhesion strength between Polyethylene (PE) film and Aluminum surface by using the adhesive material (Cyanoacrylate) has been studied. Aluminum (Al) was used as a substrate, and polyethylene (PE) was used as a film adhered to the Al surface. Standard specimens were prepared to use in the peeling test in dry condition, other specimens were immersed in water for 12 days at room temperature. the results for the specimens in the dry condition had shown that high value in the peel force and the peel energy, the peel force was 0.38*103 N/m and the peel energy was 0.605*103 N/m, peeling the film from Al surface leaves a residual of the adhesive material on both adherend, the failure for this specimen were combination of adhesive and cohesive f

This research was aimed to study the efficiency of microfiltration membranes for the treatment of oily wastewater and the factors affecting the performance of the microfiltration membranes experimental work were includes operating the microfiltration process using polypropylene membrane (1 micron) and ceramic membrane (0.5 micron) constructed as candle; two methods of operation were examined: dead end and cross flow. The oil emulsion was prepared using two types of oils: vegetable oil and motor oil (classic oil 20W-50). The operating parameters studied are: feed oil concentration 50 – 800 mg/l, feed flow rate 10 – 40 l/h, and temperature 30 – 50 oC, for dead end and cross flow microfiltration.
It was found that water flux decrea

Smart water flooding (low salinity water flooding) was mainly invested in a sandstone reservoir. The main reasons for using low salinity water flooding are; to improve oil recovery and to give a support for the reservoir pressure.

In this study, two core plugs of sandstone were used with different permeability from south of Iraq to explain the effect of water injection with different ions concentration on the oil recovery. Water types that have been used are formation water, seawater, modified low salinity water, and deionized water.

The effects of water salinity, the flow rate of water injected, and the permeability of core plugs have been studied in order to summarize the best conditions of low salinity

During the last decade, there has been a concern about the relation between aluminum residuals in treated water and Alzheimer disease, and more interest has been considered on the development of natural coagulants. The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of alum as a primary coagulant in conjunction with mallow, Arabic gum and okra as coagulant aids for the treatment of water samples containing synthetic turbidity of kaolin. Jar test experiments were carried out for initial raw water turbidities 100, 200 and 500 (NTU). The optimum doses of alum, mallow, Arabic gum and okra were 20, 2, 1 and 1 mg/L for100 NTU turbidity level, 35, 4, 2 and 3 mg/L , for 200NTU turbidity level and 50, 8, 10 and 8 mg/L for 500 NTU turbidity leve