The developing countries can be distinguished by spatial disparities and by this a wide gap between urban and rural settlements were produced as well as the appearance of primate cities. The effect of spatial development as a dynamic and continuous process can be perceived in the state of population distribution inside settlements inter and intra regions as well as the hierarchy of urban settlements according to time series. The research proved that the improvement judgment of the structure of the urban system using Gene factor is not accurate because it cannot be accounted for the internal components of the system which make a contrariety between the whole judgment (country) and partial components (Provinces including Sulaimaniyah Province). The population of settlements is distributed in this research for the first time according to interaction axes representing by main roads with Province center to diagnosis the internal spatial immigration towards Sulaimaniyah city as a primate city and delineate the identity of immigrants inside the city. Also for the first time this research makes a quantitative comparison between the urban settlement system of Sulaimaniyah Province at time series using the correlation coefficient according to the logarithmic form of Zipf's ( rank- size) rule. This research delineate the optimal case of number and population size of urban structure in Sulaimaniyah Province using the iteration method in which the minimum population size of urban settlement with respect to ( W.Christaller ) theory is not less than ( 4,000 inhabitants). The amount of primacy is calculated and compared with the optimal situation and also the dispersion was measured using the standard error estimates of regression line model at time series 1977, 1987 and 2002 respectively and compared with the optimal case which has been calculated by the proposed method of one iteration only. This proposed method of optimization which represents a scientific and subjective basis in originating new urban settlements in the future with respect to future population disrribution and a certain policies of housing in the regional plan and deliver the decision makers from objectivity and extemporization judgment which is current in the country till now.
Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate the action atorvastatin(20mg/day) on bone biochemical markers dyslipidemic men. Methodology: This study was conducted between May 2015 and November 2015 in Al-Basrah General hospital in Basra, Iraq, to evaluate important role of atorvastatin (20mg/day)(Lipitor® Pfizer Pharma GmbH.Germany) on bone biochemical markers. Thirty men patients who had been admitted for a variety of medical problems included in the study. All the patients had previously been diagnosed with Dyslipidemia by specialist physician in internal medicine and all patients age below 55 yea
Background: One of the drawbacks of vital teeth bleaching is color stability. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of tea and tomato sauce on the color stability of bleached enamel in association with the application of MI Paste Plus (CPP-ACPF). Materials and Methods: Sixty enamel samples were bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide for two weeks then divided into three groups (A, B and C) of 20 samples each. After bleaching, the samples of each group were subdivided into two subgroups (n=10). While subgroups A1, B1 and C1 were kept in distilled water, A2, B2, and C2 were treated with MI Paste Plus. Then, the samples were immersed in different solutions as follow: A1 and A2 in distilled water (control); B1 and B2 in black
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Abstract (Iraq post – war reconstruction strategy: analytical study in fact and future prospects.) There search aims at identifying the causes of internal instability in Iraq from the political ,economic , social and security aspects , to diagnose the imbalance and to work towards finding real solutions to this . The study also aims at identifying the reconstruction proposals to completely eliminate the organizationof the terrorist advocate, as well as to know. theproblem of research lies in the ability of Iraqi political elites to achieve internal stability and to employ reconstruction proposals at all levels . The hypothesis of the research lies in the equation that the process of building stability (political – economic)and (socia
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A solar updraft tower power plant (solar tower) is a solar thermal power plant that utilizes a combination of solar
air collector and central updraft tube to generate an induced convective flow which drives pressure staged turbines to generate electricity.
This paper presents practical results of a prototype of a solar chimney with thermal mass, where the glass surface is replaced by transparence plastic cover. The study focused on chimney's basements kind effect on collected air temperatures. Three basements were used: concrete, black concrete and black pebbles basements. The study was conducted in Baghdad from August to November 2009.
The results show that the best chimney efficiency attaine
... Show MoreMany economists believe that the development and promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises is one of the most important sources of economic and social development in countries in general and in developing countries in particular. This is considered to be an essential starting point for increasing production capacity and contributing to tackling poverty and unemployment. In view of the importance of these projects, most developing countries have concentrated their efforts on them. They have encouraged the establishment of small and medium industries, especially after they have proved their ability and efficiency in dealing with the major problems facing different economies.
The banking system plays an important role by finan
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The city is often discussed in barren, eviscerated terms and in technical jargon by urban professionals as if it were a lifeless, detached being. In fact, it is a sensory, emotional, lived experience. How often do strategic urban plans start with the words ‘beauty’, ‘love’, ‘happiness’ or ‘excitement’, as opposed to ‘bypass’, ‘spatial outcome’ or ‘planning framework, So the research problem was formed by the weakness of the sensory perception of cities and the weakness of the sense of different spaces, which in turn leads to weakness of belonging, identity and clarity, Therefor we focus here on the sensory perception. The hypothesis Recognize Senses as helpful tool in increasing people's understanding of differe
... Show MoreThis research aims to identify the nature effect of some mechanisms governance in the Accounting Conservatism for a sample of the practices of companies (banks) in the Iraq Stock Exchange and identify any of this mechanics most effects in the accounting Conservatism. To achieve this objective the use of all of it (the size of the board of directors, management ownership, ownership concentration, the auditor's report) as independent variables was used model Basu revised to measure the Accounting Conservatism , which was considered a variable follower with taking into account the effect of the control variables represented by the (company size and leverage) of a sample of listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange companies for the pe
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The subject of education, and since time immemorial, gripe the attention of the religious, intellectual, political, social and economic elites. This attention not only in Iraq, but in different countries in the world. There is a close correlation between the educational level of the societies and the edginess of its rising and advancement in all fields.
In order to achieve the research objectives, the research has been divided into three sections: section I include the historical, scientific, humanitarian evolution of education, starting from the first economic revolution (The Agricultural revolution) through the second economic revolution (The Industrial Revolution) and till the Third Economi
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Graphic design art depends on changeable cognitive systems which their relation and items relying on the accumulation of humane knowledge and thong and the humane look to the venality and his explanation to the relation between him and the venality , then the graphic design art becomes an important item of this accumulation knowledge besides , it is on kind of knowledge kinds . The technological advancement in communication lauds to increasing in communication media and design methods , where the computer and its application in graphic design promotes the design process because of it's capalebities which lead to in creasing in production process , minimizing the cost and time and achieving creative and aesthetic aspect because of it's fe
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone density value in Hounsfield unit derived from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and implant dimensions in relation to implant stability parameters namely the resonance frequency analysis and the insertion torque (IT) value. It included 24 patients who received 42 dental implants (DI). The bone density of the planned implant site was preoperatively measured using cone beam computed tomography. The implant stability was measured using Osstell implant stability quotient (ISQ). The ISQ values were recorded immediately postoperatively and after 16 weeks. The IT value was categorized as 35 N/cm or > 35 N/cm. The mean (standard deviation) primary stability was 79.58 (5.27) ISQ,
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