The historic cities in the Arab and Islamic world (including the cities of the holy shrines in Iraq) suffer from many and varied problems and most notably it is clear in its origin functional structure. It had been transformed from a basic place to live for a few thousand of the population to the center or part of the main center of large city populations of more than one million. Functional structure of the ancient city have been change with the beginning of the twentieth century and accelerated rate of change in the second half of the last century. The research aims to analyze the problems of the historic centers of holy cities and analyze the methods of dealing with these problems, leading to discrimination method could be the basis for practical handling the according to the requirements of the current era and the requirements of the realities imposed by the changes and physical interventions with an attempt to salvage some of the fabric of these centers. The research had adopted the analytic inductive approach through the analysis of the existing case and look at previous studies of the subject and the literature on the themes of maintaining and dealing with historic and heritage sites. The research has been structuring to the entrance of the conceptual framework of the topic and other part is the analysis of existing conditions for the case study area (center the historic city of Najaf), according to a critical vision and reached to scientific and practical conclusions according to modern, planning and design vision to deal with traditional areas in general and the holy places in particular.
Emissions of particulate matter from nanopapers as well as inks and organic solvents during the printing operationand copying machines constitute a threat to human health, especially with long time exposure in closed working environments. The present study was conducted in some printing houses and copying centers of Baghdad city during February and April .The studyproved the occurrence of an air pollution problem concerning lead and zinc contents in all the study sites. The levels of Pb, Zn and Cu were collected by low volume sampler from the air of the study sites then filter papers digested and determined the heavy metals by flame atomic spectrophotometer. Particulate matter was measured by Aerocet, Microtector meter device was use
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This work studied the electrical and thermal surface conductivity enhancement of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) clouded by double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) by using pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Variable input factors are considered as the laser energy (or the relevant power), pulse duration and pulse repetition rate. Results indicated that the DWCNTs increased the PMMA’s surface electrical conductivity from 10-15 S/m to 0.813×103 S/m while the MWCNTs raised it to 0.14×103 S/m. Hence, the DWCNTs achieved an increase of almost 6 times than that for the MWCNTs. Moreover, the former increased the thermal conductivity of the surface by 8 times and the later by 5 times.
Objectives: To assess the information of mothers regarding asthmatic child care, and to find out the relationship between information of mothers and some of demographic characteristic such as age of mothers, Level of education, and away of child feeding. Methodology: Quantitative design (a descriptive study) was conducted in pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city from the period of first of July 2011 to the end of March 2012. To achieve the objectives of the study, non probability sample of (50) mothers having asthmatic children who attend to the pediatric hospital. The data are collected through utilization
The research seeks to identify the contemporary events that face the use of electronic payment methods to localize the salaries of state employees and its impact in enhancing the mental image of customers, and to achieve this purpose from the fact that a questionnaire was designed and distributed to an optional sample of (31) individual customers (employees) dealing With the researched private banks, it has been analyzed and reached a number of conclusions and recommendations, the most prominent of which is the lack of modernity of electronic payment methods by customers, which is reflected in the mental image of customers and the achievement of their satisfaction, in the Emiratization project for salaries needs an advanced leade
... Show MoreModern civilization increasingly relies on sustainable and eco-friendly data centers as the core hubs of intelligent computing. However, these data centers, while vital, also face heightened vulnerability to hacking due to their role as the convergence points of numerous network connection nodes. Recognizing and addressing this vulnerability, particularly within the confines of green data centers, is a pressing concern. This paper proposes a novel approach to mitigate this threat by leveraging swarm intelligence techniques to detect prospective and hidden compromised devices within the data center environment. The core objective is to ensure sustainable intelligent computing through a colony strategy. The research primarily focusses on the
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The land cover of Mahmudiyah city, located south of the capital, Baghdad - Iraq, was studied for the period from 1986 to 2021 with five years between every two successive scenes, where Landsat scenes were used downloaded from the US Geological Survey (USGS ) website with low cloud cover for sensors TM and OLI. The land cover of the study area was classified. The total accuracy of the classification was calculated, as well as the analysis of the user accuracy and the classifier accuracy (maximum likelihood) and its impact on the overall classification accuracy. The lowest accuracy value in 2009 was (85.101% (and the highest accuracy value in 1995) was 95.654%). The constancy percentage of the class for the adopted years was calculated and
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Each Arab Islamic city is distinguished by its distinctive characteristics dictated by the nature of its location and its characteristics, as we see it mountainous in the mountains, deserts in the deserts, and coastal in the coasts, and this is reflected in the models of its buildings and designs and even in its structure. However, this uniqueness did not stand in the way of the emergence of characteristics and common characteristics of these cities over time, the factors derived from the core of the life of the community habits and traditions and beliefs and living requirements and environmental conditions that all piled in the process of building and construction of the Arab Islamic city to draw The features and lines of life of the co
... Show Moreقسمت هذه الدراسة إلى فصلين تسبقهما مقدمة وتليهما خاتمة ثم قائمة. وقد تم استعراض مصادر البحث ومراجعه في الفصل الأول بعنوان المرأة في التشريع القديم وأثرها على وضع المرأة من خلال هذه التشريعات. أما الفصل الثاني بعنوان “المرأة في التشريع الإسلامي” فقد استعرض وضع المرأة من خلال التشريع الإسلامي، ممثلا بمصدريه الأساسيين، القرآن الكريم. والحديث النبوي الشريف والخاتمة لخصت نتائج البحث.
The main objective of this paper is to develop and validate flow injection method, a precise, accurate, simple, economic, low cost and specific turbidimetric method for the quantitative determination of mebeverine hydrochloride (MbH) in pharmaceutical preparations. A homemade NAG Dual & Solo (0-180º) analyser which contains two identical detections units (cell 1 and 2) was applied for turbidity measurements. The developed method was optimized for different chemical and physical parameters such as perception reagent concentrations, aqueous salts solutions, flow rate, the intensity of the sources light, sample volume, mixing coil and purge time. The correlation coefficients (r) of the developed method were 0.9980 and 0.9986 for cell
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The current research aims to diagnose the role of social responsibility as a contributing factor in enhancing the quality of services provided by the public sector in Iraq, where the research sought to demonstrate the relationship and impact of social responsibility dimensions (economic, legal, moral, and human) on the sector Services related to the electric field in Nineveh governorate because of its importance and its direct relationship with the citizen especially after the end of military operations in the destruction of the electricity sector by a large percentage in the city of Mosul. Nineveh Electricity Distribution Directorate / Center was chosen as a research community including (administrators and staff) of the research
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