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Superiority of Peremptory Norms in Public International Law
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International law has proven that it is an evolving and flexible law over the years, and despite that, this development takes a very long time, as the concept of peremptory norms took 83 years to crystallize and have concrete and impactful applications, and within this development another modern concept emerged, which is the obligations Erga Omnes in the Barcelona Traction case 1970. We have concluded that these two concepts fall under a broader concept, which is peremptory norms, and this concept represents the common supreme interests of the international community, and consists of rules that transcend all other rules in international law, and it is not permissible to derogate or deviate from them. On the other hand, it bears the obligation of enforcement on all states in the international community.

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Suspicion in the truth that the satisfaction of the student in the criticism of the speech of the poet and the writer to I bin Al-Atheer
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Suspicion in the truth that the satisfaction of the student in the criticism of the speech of the poet and the writer to I bin Al-Atheer

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Electronic Customer Trust Building Tools On Excellent Performance An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of individuals in the administrative and leadership positions in the Northern Cement Company
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The current study aims to overcome the conflicts facing the company in its way of staying and continuing to maintain its performance excellent in light of the intense competition, which made it seek to find strong ways and links with its customers through electronic communication using electronic platforms, and this put confidence and safety in The place of suspicion and fear of not fulfilling credibility or violating the privacy, so this research comes to answer about the question:  “Can the company achieve an excellent performance by relying on the customer's electronic confidence?”.

The study followed the descriptive and analytical approaches by providing a virtual model and testing the zero hypotheses, which stipulat

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Internal control and its role in the reform of the tax work: Applied research in the General Commission for Taxes
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That internal control is particularly important in improvingperformance and tax reform، they play an important role in the regularity ofwork and development and the anti corruption and activating the decisionsand tax legislation، as contained in the organizational plan and the means،procedures and components designed from which to ensure a policy andimplementation plans The research aims to review the reality of the internalcontrol in the General Commission for Taxes and stand on the deficiencies init, with the strengthening of the role of internal control in the GeneralAuthority for taxes based on the laws and regulations and by using modernmeans to work as well as developing the performance of employees in thebody، including helpin

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 19 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Effect Wisdom Management in Defferentiation Strategy for Service Operations Exploratory: Search of the Views of A Sample of the Officials in the General Establishment of Civil Aviation
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Today, the success or failure of organizations depends to possess the wisdom of their managers promised that the key to organizational success of the business environment, making the right decisions, and create the ability to work and think towards discrimination of products and services the organization . Seek this research to investigation the relationship between the wisdom management and differentiation strategy for service operations . It was a test of that relationship in light of the results of the analysis of the data collected through the questionnaire distributed on a sample from (98) Director Mangers, head of department and head of division in  the General Establishment of Civil Aviation . The research used descriptive st

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Philosophy of resolving the forces of contradiction in the theory of the organization
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The current research aims to provide a philosophical and knowledge framework  to explain the issue of organizations dealing with Paradox phenomena by focusing on five main aspects. The first deals with the concept of paradox, and the second aspect deals with the types of forces paradox. While the third aspect regards subject of the philosophy of paradox in organization theory and the fourth side deals with methods of   solving the paradox. Finally, the last side is exposed to the subject of the paradoxes of the three provided by the study (L

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Organizational Tactics An Approach to Strategic Agility A field study in a sample of mobile operators in Iraq
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The current research dealt with the issue of organizational skillfulness as an entry point to reach strategic agility. The study has been tested in Iraq's mobile operators - Asia Cell, Zain Iraq and Cork Telecom. The study was applied to a sample of (93) managers distributed at various levels of management (board members, general managers, commissioners, department managers, people managers, unit managers, office managers). The survey used the questionnaire as a key tool for collecting data and information as well as personal interviews. It has sought to test a number of hypotheses related to correlation and influence relationships between the variables of the study, in order to answer the questions related to the problem of stud

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 17 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
DNA Methylation Patterns of Interferon Gamma Gene Promoter and Serum Level in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Their Role in Prognosis
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Tuberculosis (TB) still remains an important medical problem due to high levels of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A series of innate immune mechanisms that create a cytokine network control the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and this response has the capacity to modify the host genomic DNA structure through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation which could constantly alter the local gene expression pattern that can modulate the metabolism of the tissues and the immune-response. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine regulator of the innate immune response to TB. This study aims to determine DNA methylation patterns of INF-γ gene promoter and measure serum IFN- γ level in newly diagnosed TB patient

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Specificity of Government Expenditure Decisions and their Reflection in Financial Performance / Case Study in Diyala Governorate Sewerage Directorate
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The research examines the extent to which government spending decisions can affect the level of the financial performance of the directorate. The research problem was based on the financial reality of the Directorate of Sewerage of Diyala province. Spending on the Directorate of the research area. To achieve a set of objectives: indicate the impact of government spending decisions on financial performance, the use of financial analysis to assess the performance of the Directorate. The research adopted financial analysis tools, a set of financial ratios, through which the spending decisions taken by the Directorate of the field of research will be evaluated, and during the period (2014-2018). The research also adopted statistical

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Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Feb 19 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Role of the Opportunity Cost in the Overall Economic Development: Applied Study in The General Company for Leather Industries
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This research set to indicate the role of the opportunity cost in the overall economic development (human and social development) by selecting the most appropriate alternative for the growth of the country in exchange for sacrificing profit limits to achieve this growth and development of the country, especially in the present circumstances of the country and after studying the reality of the economic case for him, as the problem lies with don't selecting the best alternative that enhances the gross domestic product, which extends to promote overall economic development and revive the industrial and agricultural sectors, productivity is more like Impotent, versus sacrifice alternative consumption may bring more financially lucrative than

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Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The supervisory role of the central bank in the protection of commercial banks: An applied research in the Economy Bank for Investment and Finance
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Represents a supervisory and oversight role of the Central Bank  towards finding a sober banking sector, as the procedures , regulations and laws that the Central Bank insists on its implementation with the utmost precision, and that was to protect depositors and shareholders' class basis rights, but it is in the interest of the bank in the end, as it seeks to improve the performance of commercial banks and vaccinated against falling into the blunders, they also contribute to building a sober and stable banking sector and security contributes to the welfare and employment optimization of economic resources, and treatment of research (and the presence of banks decline in financial performance, according to financial performance indic

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