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أحكام الامتناع عن الفعل في المسؤولية عن الفعل الشخصي
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تترتب مسؤولية فاعل الضرر عن خطأه اذا الحق المخطيء ضررا بالغير، وهو امر لاخلاف عليه فقها وقانونا، وهو ما يعر ف بـ (الخطا الايجابي). فمتى وقع الضرر قامت مسؤولية المخطيء. ولا فرق هنا بين ناقص الاهلية او عديمها أو كاملها، فكل من الحق ضررا بالغير تحمل فاعل الضرر المسؤولية عن فعله. ولكن الامر ليس سيان بالنسبة للخطا السلبي، فهل تطبق قواعد الخطا الايجابي في حالة ارتكاب الضرر نتيجة لخطأ سلبي؟. بمعنى آخر هل يتحمل فاعل الضرر المسؤزولية عن الخطا السلبي؟ وهنا تندرج صورة من صور الخطا السلبي او وهي (الامتناع عن الفعل)، وهو الحالة التي يلتزم فيها الفرد بعدم القيام بعمل في الوقت الذي يفرض عليه القانون احيانا القيام بعمل. أو يفرض عليه الواجب القيام بعمل معين. أشكالية البحث: وهنا تثور أشكالية تتلخص في ما ياتي:

 1– ما هو الحكم القانوني في حالة امتناع الفرد عن القيام بعمل مفروضا عليه بحكم القانون او بحكم الواجب القانوني العام؟

2– هل يتساوى اثر الامتناع عن الفعل الذي يفرضه الواجب القانوني العام، مع الاثر الذي تفرضه النصوص القانونية الخاصة؟

3– هل يتساوى الحكم على الممتنع ناقص الاهلية، والممتنع كامل الاهلية؟

4– ماهو الحكم اذا كان الممتنع ناقص الاهلية، بمعنى ان يكون الضرر ترتب على امتناع شخصا ما عديم الاهلية؟ 5– وأخيرا ما هو موقف الفقه الاسلامي من هذه المسألة بالذات، وما هي اراء الفقهاء في الموضوع. هذه الاشكاليات جميعها سوف نجيب عنها في هذا البحث ان شاء الله تعالى.

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 02 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Detection of Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 among Children Undergoing Surgical Operations
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Background: Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset; multiorgan disease caused mainly by Toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) producing Staphylococcus aureus strains.Testing for TSST-1 or anti-TSST-1 antibodies in the clinical setting may help to predict and prevent the appearance of TSS caused by nosocomial S. aureus infection.
Objectives: Detection of TSST-1 in the sera of children patients arranged to undergo surgical operations, and its relevance with certain demographic factors.
Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Baquba General Teaching Hospital- Diyala province for the period from August 2015 to April 2016. Eighty eight patients from those undergoing surgical operations were enrolled.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 28 2024
Journal Name
The Iraqi Journal Of Veterinary Medicine
جرثومة الزائفة الزنجارية كاشف فعال للتحري عن المستخلصات النباتية المثبطة لاستشعار النصاب
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استشعار النصاب (Quorum sensing, QS) هو آلية معروفة تستخدمها جراثيم عديدة للسيطرة على عوامل الضراوة الهامة من خلال الإنتاج والاستجابة اللاحقة ل .)N-acylhomoserine (AHLs جرى تسجيل تثبيط استشعار النصاب (QSI) ، الذي يستهدف الإشارات المعتمدة على AHL، كاستراتيجية للسيطرة على الأمراضية الجرثومية. وبالتالي، تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث عن قدرة جرثومة الزائفة الزنجارية كمؤشر للفحص السريع عن QSI المحتمل المتسبب عن المستخلصات النباتية على أسا

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Psychological Pollution among Jordanian Unemployed Faculty of Education Graduates in Public and Private Universities
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the level of psychological pollution among Jordanian unemployed faculty of education graduates in public and private universities. The sample of the study consisted of (413) Jordanian male and female unemployed faculty of education graduates in 2017. The researcher administrated the psychological pollution scale on the sample of the study, consisting in the final format of (37) items distributing on (4) domains. Validity and reliability for the scale were obtained. The results of the study indicated that level of psychological pollution among Jordanian unemployed faculty of education graduates in public and private universities was high (M=3.48, SD=0.83). The results

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 07 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Search for Identity in Michael Ondaatje's Post colonial Novel In the Skin of a Lion
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In his post colonial novel, In the Skin of a lion, the Canadian/Sri Lankan writer,
Michael Ondaatje is so interested in the term "Post colonialism" because he wants to show
that the term doesn't only refer to a period of time that comes after colonialism. In other
words, post colonialism is not only referred to as a literal description of formerly colonial
societies. He deals with the termas a literary genre and an academic construct that describes
the global conditions of a man after a period of colonialism. He shows that post colonialism is
a theory that tries to examine and explore the different styles and faces of European authority
to control the colonized. Ondaatje's attempt through such term is to unmask Europ

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Detection of Salmonella In Some Red and White Frozen Meat Obtained From Local Market.
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Background: Salmonella spp. are one of the most frequently reported causes of bacterial foodborne outbreak in the world.
Objective: This study has been conducted to detect salmonella as a major public health problem worldwide.
Methods: A total of 12 samples including 8 white meat (chicken) and 4 red meat (beef) samples were collected randomly from each sample; 25gr was separated and treated with 225ml of buffered peptone water, incubated at 37C°and 42C° for 24 hours. Samples were streaked on selective enteric agar.
Result: Totally 4 out of 8 chicken meat and one out of 4 red meat samples were contaminated with Salmonella spp.
Conclusion: These results confirmed the previous findings stating the proper packaging of meat prod

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 02 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
The predictive value of selected ultrasound features in evaluating malignancy in thyroid nodules
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Background: Thyroid ultrasound has been widely used to differentiate benign from malignant nodules; many investigators have tried to point out few ultrasonographic features in order to identify those lesions, which are at a higher risk of malignancy.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of selected conventional ultrasound (US) features of thyroid focal lesions useful for predicting malignancy and establishing indications for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
Patients and Methods:Two hundred and four consecutive patients with thyroid nodules who visited the outpatient clinic of the surgical department of Tikrit University teaching hospital for the period from January 2011 to April 2014, and who underwent surgery for clinical s

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Detection of Physical and Chemical Parameters Using Water Indices (NDWI, MNDWI, NDMI, WRI, and AWEI) for Al-Abbasia River in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques
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The purpose of this study was to find out the connection between the water parameters that were examined in the laboratory and the water index acquired from the examination of the satellite image of the study area. This was accomplished by analysing the Landsat-8 satellite picture results as well as the geographic information system (GIS). The primary goal of this study is to develop a model for the chemical and physical characteristics of the Al-Abbasia River in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate. The water parameters employed in this investigation are as follows: (PH, EC, TDS, TSS, Na, Mg, K, SO4, Cl, and NO3). To collect the samples, ten sampling locations were identified, and the satellite image was obtained on the

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 29 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The provisions of the epidemic in jurisprudence and its principles The (Covid-19) epidemic is a model
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Abstract

Epidemics that afflict humankind are descending renewed, plaguing them in the place and time they spread.

- The epidemic affects individuals and the movement of societies, and its treatment requires dealing with it according to Sharia, taking into account the current data and developments.

- Integrative jurisprudence: it is intended to know the practical legal rulings deduced from the combination of evidence of two or more sciences related to one topic related to it, and among these calamities is the Corona Covid-19 pandemic.

 - It is permissible to use sterile materials that contain a percentage of alcohol in sterilizing hands and fogging places, including mosques.

T

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 25 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Provisions for a Muslim to be naturalized with the citizenship of non-Muslim countries
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Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds. Thank you very much. Blessed. As his face should be majestic and great. His authority, and may peace and blessings be upon our master Muhammad, a perpetual blessing until the Day of Judgment

And upon the God of purity, His righteous companions, and those who follow them in righteousness until the Day of Judgment. But after:-

Anyone who looks into the history of nations, peoples, and the conditions of human beings will see that naturalization as a person’s affiliation to a particular state is something that happened only in recent centuries. In ancient times, a person’s loyalty was to the tribe to which the person belonged, and he was integrated into it and attributed to it, and in

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 11 2023
Journal Name
مجلة كلية الامام الاعظم
Provisions for inheritance of agricultural lands (transfer of the right to dispose of)
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Agricultural lands have great importance in people's lives, and their exploitation has a great impact on strengthening the national economy. Therefore, countries have given great importance to this sector, and because of the importance of this sector, the state has given large areas of these lands to the farmers to invest in agriculture, and among these farmers are those who died and left behind children who took up crafts. Agriculture, for fear that these agricultural lands would be abandoned and turned into waste lands, a land system was introduced called (regular distribu- tion), which corresponds to (legitimate inheritance). Under this system, these lands were trans- ferred to the children of farmers who died so that the process of inve

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