Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Lean Construction (LC) are two quickly growing applied research areas in construction management. This study focuses on identifying the most essential benefits and analyzing the most affecting constraints on the construction sector that construction players face as they attempt to combine BIM-LC in Iraqi construction. Experts assessed 30 benefits and 28 constraints from examining the previous literature, and a two-round Delphi survey formed the responses. Expert consensus analysis was utilized to elaborate and validate responses after descriptive statistical checks had been used for data processing.

According to the study's findings, the benefits include ensuring the most ef

    This study deals with the biostratigraphy of Shiranish Formation (Late Cretaceous), depending on the Ammonite and associated Foraminifera in four outcrop sections, three of which are located in Al-Sulaimaniya governorate  (Dokan, Esewa and Kanny dirka sections) and one in Erbil  governorate, northern Iraq (Hijran section). Fourteen species of Ammonite belonging to fourteen genera were determined, which are: Dsemoceratidae, Gaudryceras, Gunnarites, Hoplitoplacenticeras, Kitchinites, Kossmaticeratinae, Neancyloceras, Neokossmaticeras, Nostoceras, Paratexanites, Partschiceras, Phylloceras, Pseudophyllites and Yubariceras. Also, thirty- five species of Foraminifera belonging to thirteen genera w

The electro-optic coefficient r63 and r41 are determined in congruent KDP crystals, using an experimental method based upon the direct measurement of material. Sénarmont system for electro-optic coefficient measurement and characterization of crystals was modified. This modification allowed us to obtain on the frequency dispersion dependence of the electro-optic coefficients within a frequency range up to 20 MHz and on a new version of modulation depth method. To the best of our knowledge, by using this system, the electro-optic coefficients r63 and r41 in different configurations (transverse and longitudinal) have been measured for the first time within a frequency range up to 20 MHz. The measurements have been investigated as a functi

Globalization has occupied a great deal of studies, research and literature, in addition to being a phenomenon that has imposed itself firmly on the ground. Globalization is considered the main feature of the current moment in today's world. The world is now transforming in an unprecedented way under noticeable titles of successive waves of knowledge and technology.The current research aims to identify the effects of globalization on the variables and their political, social, media and cultural dimensions, as well as culture of consumption and cultural identity.The theoretical framework included two sections: the first is the concept of globalization, its history and its dimensions, and the second is the modernity in contemporary Europea

In this paper, we have derived Bayesian estimation for the parameters and reliability function of Perks distribution based on two different loss functions, Lindley’s approximation has been used to obtain those values. It is assumed that the parameter behaves as a random variable have a Gumbell Type P prior with non-informative is used. And after the derivation of mathematical formulas of those estimations, the simulation method was used for comparison depending on mean square error (MSE) values and integrated mean absolute percentage error (IMAPE) values respectively. Among of conclusion that have been reached, it is observed that, the LE-NR estimate introduced the best perform for estimating the parameter λ.

Ninety five samples were collected from different samples (urine, ear and wounds swaps), from hospitals in Baghdad city. The results of cultural, microscopic , biochemical tests indicated that in urine samples E.coli have high occurrence frequency 19 (47.5%) followed by Proteus mirabilis 18(45%) and Klebsiella species 1 (2.5%), while in wounds samples each of Pseudomonas spp. and Proteus mirabilis 10 (25%) , then followed by E.coli with 5 (12.5%) and Klebsiella species 3 (7.5%). Ear swaps samples revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7 (46%) was the major bacterium followed by Proteus mirabilis 4(26.6).Sensitivity test against eleven antimicrobial agents was done for all of the Proteus mirabilis isolates (32 isolates). The results display

Spectral and linear optical properties for a mixture of Rhodamine B (RB) and Fluorescein Sodium (Na Fl) organic laser dyes were determined at different concentrations 10-3, 10-4 M in ethanol solvent at room temperature. The intensity of absorption range is towards longer wavelengths (red shift). The quantum efficiency diminished while the radiative and fluorescence life time increased when increment concentration, organic laser dyes have a spectrum within the range 540-500 nm. Results demonstrate that a mixture of laser dyes are effective optical materials when contrasted with individual laser dyes. It can be utilized as resonator in cavity lasers.

This contribution reports a comprehensive investigation into the structural, electronic and thermal properties of bulk and surface terbium dioxide (TbO2); a material that enjoys wide spectra of catalytic and optical applications. Our calculated lattice dimension of 5.36 Å agrees well with the corresponding experimental value at 5.22 Å. Density of states configuration of the bulk structure exhibits a semiconducting nature. Thermo-mechanical properties of bulk TbO2 were obtained based on the quasi-harmonic approximation formalism. Heat capacities, thermal expansions and bulk modulus of the bulk TbO2 were obtained under a wide range of temperatures and pressures. The dependency of these properties on operational pressure is very evident. Cle

Because of the conservation problems causes by the existence of water hyacinth (W.H) as an watery plant in water bodies of Iraq, our study aimed to make  use of (W.H) by isolation of microcrystalline cellulose, and a new method of preparation of Nano crystalline cellulose. Microcrystalline cellulose was produced using base bleaching method by sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] to remove unorganized region of cellulose and lignin to create particles comprising of micro crystal and preparing of Nano crystalline cellulose from microcrystalline cellulose by acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic treatment. The Nano crystalline and microcrystalline cellulose characterized by AFM, FTIR, XRD and TGA. FT-IR spectra of microcrystalline cellules and Nano cr