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Kinetic Study of the Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater by Calcium Hydroxide Solution
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This research presents a study for precipitating phosphorus (as phosphate ion) from simulated wastewater (5ppm initial concentration of phosphorus) using calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 solution. The removal of phosphorus by Ca (OH)2 solution is expected to be very effective since the chemical reaction is of acid-base type but Ca(OH)2 forms complex compound with phosphate ions called. Hydroxyapatite Ca5 (PO4)3OH. hydroxyapatite is slightly soluble in water. This research was directed towards sustainable elements as phosphorus. Kinetics of the dissolution reaction of hydroxyapatite was investigated to find the best factors to recover phosphorus. The effect of concentration of Ca(OH)2 (180- 380 ppm) on phosphorus precipitation on the outputs like the residual phosphorus concentration in the simulated solution, the percentage removal of phosphorus and the weight of the precipitate was also studied. The residual phosphorus decreased with increasing Ca(OH)2 concentration while the percentage removal, as well as the weight of the precipitate, increased with increasing Ca(OH)2 concentration at constant temperature and mixing speed. The best Ca(OH)2 concentration was obtained depending on the lowest amount of the residual phosphorus concentration. The best value obtained was 230 ppm at a fixed mixing speed of 400 rpm and a temperature of 20°C.  The best value for Ca(OH)2 concentration under fixed stirring speed and temperature was applied on a real wastewater taken from the detergent factory. The percentage removal was 30. 69% due to the complexity of the real sample. Oxalic acid was chosen to dissolve hydroxyapatite because it is an organic acid, less hazardous than mineral acids and of less cost. Kinetics of the dissolution reaction of hydroxyapatite in (160 ppm) concentration oxalic acid under ambient conditions (20°C and 1 atm (and mild stirring (200 rpm) was studied using the differential method for determining the order of the reaction which was 0.4296 and the rate constant 0.0743 (L/mg)-0.5704. min-1. The reaction was considered as a rate-controlled reaction.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 30 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Increasing of Oil Field Productivity by Implementation of Re-entry Horizontal Injection Well, Case study
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Water flooding is one of the most important methods used in enhanced production; it was a pioneer method in use, but the development of technology within the oil industry, takes this subject toward another form in the oil production and application in oil fields with all types of oils and oil reservoirs. Now days most of the injection wells directed from the vertical to re-entry of full horizontal wells in order to get full of horizontal wells advantages.
This paper describes the potential benefits for using of re-entry horizontal injection wells as well as combination of re –entry horizontal injection and production wells. Al Qurainat productive sector was selected for study, which is one of the four main productive sectors of Sout

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 21 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Spectroscopic study the plasma parameters for Pb doped CuO prepared by pulse Nd:YAG laser deposition
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In this work, plasma parameters such as, the electron temperature )Te(, electron density ne, plasma frequency )fp(, Debye length )λD(
and Debye number )ND), have been studied using optical emission spectroscopy technique. The spectrum of plasma with different values of energy, Pb doped CuO at different percentage (X=0.6, 0.7, 0.8) were recorded. The spectroscopic study for these mixing under vacuum with pressure down to P=2.5×10-2 mbar. The results of electron temperature for X=0.6 range (1.072-1.166) eV, for X=0.7 the Te range (1.024-0.855) eV and X=0.8 the Te is (1.033-0.921) eV. Optical properties of CuO:Pb thin films were determined through the optical transmission method using ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer within the ra

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 31 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Spectroscopic study the plasma parameters for SnO2 doped ZnO prepared by pulse Nd:YAG laser deposition
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 In this work, plasma parameters such as (electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp) and Debye length (λD)) were studied using spectral analysis techniques. The spectrum of the plasma was recorded with different energy values, SnO2 and ZnO anesthetized at a different ratio (X = 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) were recorded. Spectral study of this mixing in the air. The results showed electron density and electron temperature increase in zinc oxide: tin oxide alloy targets. It was located  that  The intensity of the lines increases in different laser peak powers when the laser peak power increases and then decreases when the force continues to increase.

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 30 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON CORROSION OF CARBON STEEL BOILER TUBES IN DILUTE SODUIM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
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The corrosion behavior of carbon steel at different Temperatures and in water containing different sodium chloride
concentrations under 3 bar pressure has been investigated using weight loss method . The carbon steel specimens were
immersed in water containing (100,400,700,1000PPM) of NaCl solution and under temperature was increased from
(90-120ºC) under pressures of 3 bar. The results of this investigation indicated that corrosion rate increased with NaCl
concentrations and Temperature.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 05 2023
Journal Name
Mathematical Theory And Modeling
(Tc) Technique for Finding Optimal Solution To Transportation Problem
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Given the importance of increasing economic openness transport companies’ face various issues arising at present time, this required importing different types of goods with different means of transport. Therefore, these companies pay great attention to reducing total costs of transporting commodities by using numbers means of transport methods from their sources to the destinations. The majority of private companies do not acquire the knowledge of using operations research methods, especially transport models, through which the total costs can be reduced, resulting in the importance and need to solve such a problem. This research presents a proposed method for the sum of Total Costs (Tc) of rows and columns, in order to arrive at the init

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 27 2016
Journal Name
Mine Water Environ.
Dominant Mechanisms for Metal Removal from Acidic Aqueous Solutions by Cement Kiln Dust
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 22 2017
Journal Name
Heat Transfer—asian Research
Thermal Enhancement from Pin Fins by Using Elliptical Perforations with Different Inclination Angles
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Abstract<p>Many of the proposed methods introduce the perforated fin with the straight direction to improve the thermal performance of the heat sink. The innovative form of the perforated fin (with inclination angles) was considered. Present rectangular pin fins consist of elliptical perforations with two models and two cases. The signum function is used for modeling the opposite and the mutable approach of the heat transfer area. To find the general solution, the degenerate hypergeometric equation was used as a new derivative method and then solved by Kummer's series. Two validation methods (previous work and Ansys 16.0‐Steady State Thermal) are considered. The strong agreement of the validation results (0.3</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 30 2013
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Reinforcement Steel Corrosion Reduction by Using Fly Ash from South Baghdad Power Plant
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Corrosion- induced damage in reinforced concrete structure such as bridges, parking garages, and buildings, and the related cost for maintaining them in a serviceable condition, is a source of major concern for the owners of these structures.
Fly ash produced from south Baghdad power plant with different concentrations (20, 25 and 30) % by weight from the cement ratio were used as a corrosion inhibitor as a weight ratio from the cement content.
The concrete batch ratio under study was (1:1.5:3) cement, sand and gravel respectively which is used in Iraq. All the raw materials used were locally manufactured.
Concrete slabs (250x250x70) mm dimensions were casted, using Poly-wood molds. Two steel bars were embedded in the central po

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.
Biochar from orange (Citrus sinensis) peels by acid activation for methylene blue adsorption
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Publication Date
Fri Nov 10 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Relation of Results to Objectives of Media Research – an Evaluative: Study of Research of al-Baath al-iilami Journal from 2007 to 2016
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The main idea of this research is that the researcher believes that media research remains useless unless its goals and results are achieved by using the correct scientific tools. The researcher chooses 100 research papers of about 35% of the published ones, 10 of them are excluded because they are outside media. We use a simple and randomized sample including the three departments of media: journalism, television and radio journalism and public relations. The researcher adopts statistical methods such as Fay coefficient, correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient and straight line equation.
The researcher uses an analytical form followed by analysis of content, them the scale. The results are found in 58 researches, w

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