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Investigation of Optimum Heat Flux Profile Based on the Boiling Safety Factor
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An experimental study is conducted to investigate the effect of heat flux distribution on the boiling safety factor of its cooling channel. The water is allowed to flow in a horizontal circular pipe whose outlet surface is subjected to different heat flux profiles. Four types of heat flux distribution profiles are used during experiments: (constant distribution profile, type a, triangle distribution profile with its maximum in channel center, type b, triangle distribution profile with its maximum in the channel inlet, type c, and triangle distribution profile with its maximum in the channel outlet, type d). The study is conducted using heat sources of (1000 and 2665W), water flow rates of (5, 7 and 9 lit/min). The water temperature at cooling channel inlet is kept constant at (25°C). Copper test section of (0.6 m) length (0.025m) inner diameter is used during the experiments. The electrical heater used for water heating is wrapped around the copper pipe covering (50 cm) of its length. Calibrated thermocouples are distributed along pipe surface at distances (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 m) from pipe inlet to measure pipe surface temperature. The results shows that the heat source with heat flux profile of type (c) is the most reliable one from thermo-hydraulic safety point of view for both types of heat sources, as it ensures a maximum boiling safety factor (K) of (1.6, 1.7, 2) at water flow rates of (5, 7 and 9 lit/min) respectively based on maximum heat capacity of (2665 w), while the heat source with heat flux profile of type (d) which posses minimum boiling safety factors of (1, 1.2, 1.3) at water flow rates of (5, 7 and 9 lit/min) respectively based on same heat capacity value is the worst one from same point of view.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2025
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Improving Barcode Vision Scanning Process using a Drone-based Tracking PID Controller for Warehouse in Industry 4.0
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Drones play a vital role in the fundamental aspects of Industry 4.0 by converting conventional warehouses into intelligent ones, particularly in the realm of barcode scanning. Various potential issues frequently arise during barcode scanning by drones, specifically when the drone camera has difficulty obtaining distinct images due to certain factors, such as distance, capturing the image whilst flying, noise in the environment and different barcode dimensions. In addressing these challenges, this study proposes an approach that combines a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller with image processing techniques. The PID controller is responsible for continuously monitoring the camera’s input, detecting the difference

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Spike Neural Controller for Traffic Load Parameter with Priority-Based Rate in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
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Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are a type of sensor network that contains sensor nodes equipped with cameras, microphones; therefore the WMSNS are able to   produce multimedia data such as video and audio streams, still images, and scalar data from the surrounding environment. Most multimedia applications typically produce huge volumes of data, this leads to congestion. To address this challenge, This paper proposes Modify Spike Neural Network control for Traffic Load Parameter with Exponential Weight of Priority Based Rate Control algorithm (MSNTLP with EWBPRC). The Modify Spike Neural Network controller (MSNC) can calculate the appropriate traffi

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Publication Date
Thu May 05 2022
Journal Name
Karbala International Journal Of Modern Science
Nigella sativa Methanol Extract Inhibits PC-3 Cell Line Colonization, Induced Apoptosis, and Modulated LC3-based Autophagy
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Nigella sativa has various pharmacological properties and has been used throughout history for a variety of reasons. However, there is limited data about the effects of N. sativa (NS) on human cancer cells. This study aimed at observing the roles of methanolic extract of N. sativa on apoptosis and autophagy pathway in the Human PC3 (prostate cancer) cell line. The cell viability was checked by MTT assay. Clonogenic assay was performed to demonstrate clonogenicity and Western blot was used to check caspase-3, TIGAR, p53, and LC3 protein expression. The results demonstrated that PC3 cell proliferation was inhibited, caspase-3 and p53 protein expression was induced, and LC3 protein expression was modulated. The clonogenic assay showed that PC3

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Impacting Digital Competence on Entrepreneurial Alertness: An Analytical Research at the Central Bank of Iraq
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In the era of the digital economy, public organizations need to consolidation the capabilities of entrepreneurial alertness to reduce the risks of sudden transformations and changes, and to find effective mechanisms to discover and invest in environmental opportunities proactively, as this concern has become a knowledge gap in public sector institutions, the current research aims to identify the role of digital competence in influencing on entrepreneurial alertness in the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI), the descriptive analytical approach was used as a research method to describe and analyze the main research variables. digital competence as an explanatory variable includes three dimensions: digital infrastructure, digital integration, and d

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Compressive Strength of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) Containing Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
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Fire is the most sever environmental condition affecting on concrete structures, thus investigating for fire safet, IJSR, Call for Papers, Online Journal

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 11 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research
Effect of Elevated Temperature on the Compressive Strength of Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) Containing Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
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Fire is the most sever environmental condition affecting on concrete structures, thus investigating for fire safety in structural concrete is important for building construction. The slow heat transfer and strength loss enables concrete to be effective for fire resistance. Concrete structures withstand when exposed to fire according to: their thermal properties, rate of heating, characteristic properties of concrete mixes and their composition and on the duration of fire, and concerned as thermal property with other factors such as loss of mass which affected by aggregate type, moisture content, and composition of concrete mix. The present research goal is to study the effect of rising temperature on the compressive strength of the rea

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 02 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
" The Effect of Gardens Ideas Strategy on Deductive Thinking Among Fourth - Grade Science Students in Physics "
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The current research aims to know the effect of gardens ideas strategy on deductive thinking among fourth-grade science students in physics.
   To investigate from the aim of the research, researchers put the following zero
hypothesis:

- No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the students mean scores of the two groups on indicative thinking test.

      The research was carried out on the scientific fourth grade male students in Al – Mansour in Baghdad; belong to Education Directorate Al- Karkh /1, for the Academic Year (2014-2015) A.D.

&

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Ecology
Effect of sedimentary source on the properties of sphericity and roundness of feldspar minerals in some soils of the alluvial plain
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This study was conducted on the effect of the sedimentary source (the sediments coming from both the Iraqi-Iranian borderline and the Tigris river) on the optical and textural features, especially sphericity and roundness of feldspar minerals (potassium and plagioclase types) in soils of the southern part of the alluvial plain. Eight pedons were selected to represent the study area, five of them represented sediments coming from the borderline, which included pedons of (Badra, Taj Al-Din, Al-Shihabi, Jassan, and Galati), while two of them represent the sediments of the Tigris River (Essaouira, Al-Dabouni), the pedon of Ali Al-Gharbi was represented the mixing area of sediments of all the floods coming from the borderline and the sediments o

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of Nickel and Cobalt in Cosmetic Products Marketed in Iraq Using Spectrophotometric and Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Device (µPADs) Platform
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Two quantitative, environment-friendly and easily monitored assays for Ni (II) and Co (III) ions analysis in different lipstick samples collected from 500-Iraqi dinars stores located in Baghdad were introduced. The study was based on the reaction of nickel (II) ions with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) reagent and the reaction of cobalt (III) ions with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (NN) reagent to produce colored products. The color change was measured by spectrophotometric method at 565 nm and 430 nm for Ni and Co, respectively, with linear calibration graphs in the concentration range 0.25-100 mg L-1 (Ni) and 0.5-100 mg L-1 (Co) and LOD and LOQ of 0.11 mg L-1 and 0.36 mg L-1 (Ni), and 0.15 mg L-1 an

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2025
Journal Name
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
Preparation, <i>In-vitro, Ex-vivo</i>, and Pharmacokinetic Study of Lasmiditan as Intranasal Nanoemulsion-based <i>In Situ</i> Gel
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Background:

Lasmiditan (LAS) is a recently developed antimigraine drug and was approved in October, 2019 for the treatment of acute migraines; however, it suffers from low oral bioavailability, which is around 40%.

Objective:

This study aimed to improve the LAS bioavailability via formulation as nanoemulsionbased in situ gel (NEIG) given intranasally and then compare the traditional aqueous-LASsuspension (AQS) with the two successful intranasal prepared formulations (NEIG 2 and NEIG 5) in order to determine its relative bioavailability (F-relative) via using rabbits.

Method:
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