In order to take measures in controlling soil erosion it is required to estimate soil loss over area of interest. Soil loss due to soil erosion can be estimated using predictive models such as Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). The accuracy of these models depends on parameters that are used in equations. One of the most important parameters in equations used in both of models is (C) factor that represents effects of vegetation and other land covers. Estimating land cover by interpretation of remote sensing imagery involves Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), an indicator that shows vegetation cover. The aim of this study is estimate (C) factor values for Part of Baghdad city using NDVI derived from satellite Image of Landsat-7

Climate change is a severe problem due to the continuous dynamic changes in urbanization in cities, and reaching it requires high-resolution spatial data represented by using remote sensing technology, as the data of the Space Science Network of NASA was relied on to measure the change in the climate of Baghdad city for a period of four decades 1981-2021, using the climate change equation referred to in the research and then tabulating the data in Excel. The results showed evident changes in the climatic rates, especially during the fourth time cycle; the high rates of temperature and low rates of relative humidity and precipitation indicate that the city’s climate is heading towards drought, and similarities appeared between the rates

       Remote sensing is a source of up-to-date information. The present study relied on various approaches for gathering information, including descriptive, quantitative and quantitative analytical processes. Particularly,  we conducted the analysis of the satellite data ETM + of the satellite Landsat7 and the digital models of Digital Elevation Model of SRTM using ArcGIS9.2. The model depends on primary mathematical equations and  constitutes an essential base for GIS applications that rely on data, computer, and software, performing the processes of data entry, analysis and processing. This paper deals with the geomorphological characteristics of a selected study area in Kirkuk province. The cha

In this study water quality was indicated in terms of Water Quality Index that was determined through summarizing multiple parameters of water test results. This index offers a useful representation of the overall quality of water for public or any intended use as well as indicating pollution, water quality management and decision making. The application of Water Quality Index (WQI) with sixteen physicochemical water quality parameters was performed to evaluate the quality of Tigris River water for drinking usage. This was done by subjecting the water samples collected from eight stations in Baghdad city during the period 2004-2010 to comprehensive physicochemical analysis. The sixteen physicochemical parameters included: Turbidity,

In this study water quality was indicated in terms of Water Quality Index that was determined through summarizing multiple parameters of water test results. This index offers a useful representation of the overall quality of water for public or any intended use as well as indicating pollution, water quality management and decision making. The application of Water Quality Index
(WQI) with sixteen physicochemical water quality parameters was performed to evaluate the quality of Tigris River water for drinking usage. This was done by subjecting the water samples collected from eight stations in Baghdad city during the period 2004-2010 to comprehensive physicochemical analysis. The sixteen physicochemical parameters included: Turbidity, A

     The assignment of suitable sites for water harvesting techniques is a promoted strategy to be introduced to the community, for handling the water scarcity and risk due to floods. In the eastern part of Missan, water is always hampered due to the limited availability during the drought, while floods frequently and intensely occur in the wet season. This study aimed to choose the potential and suitable sites for applied water harvesting system using remote sensing techniques and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Ali Al-Garbi city is divided into three watersheds (site1, site2, and site3), which have been characterized by flash floods that produce high quantities of runoff. The six parameters: slope, lineament density, drainage den

In this work, using GPS which has best accuracy that can be established set of GCPs, also two satellite images can be used, first with high resolution QuickBird, and second has low resolution Landsat image and topographic maps with 1:100,000 and 1:250,000 scales. The implementing of these factors (GPS, two satellite images, different scales for topographic maps, and set of GCPs) can be applying. In this study, must be divided this work into two parts geometric accuracy and informative accuracy investigation. The first part is showing geometric correction for two satellite images and maps.
The second part of the results is to demonstrate the features (how the features appearance) of topographic map or pictorial map (image map), Where i

    Deriving land cover information from satellite data is one of the most common applications employed to monitor, evaluate, and manage the environment. This study aims to detect the land cover/land use changes and calculate the areas of different land cover types in Baghdad, Iraq, for the period from 2015 to 2020, using Landsat 8 images. The supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) method was applied to classify the images. Four land cover types were obtained, namely urban, vegetation, water, and barren soil.  Changes in the four land cover classes during the study period were observed. The extent of the urban, vegetation, and water areas was increased by about 7.5%, 9.5%, and 1.5%, respectively, whereas t

This study investigates the changes occurring in the province of Basra using geospatial methods and analyzes the variations in land surface temperature among the various types of land cover. For the months of July and December in the years 2013 and 2021, Landsat images were used in Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, and satellite images were processed using ArcGIS 10.8 software. The study's categories for land use and land cover were generated through the application of supervised classification techniques, and the land surface temperature was calculated using data from a satellite sensor's brightness temperature. According to the study's findings, there has been an increase in urban areas (including barren land). From 2013 to 2021, a greater correlati