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Asphaltene Stability of Some Iraqi Dead Crude oils
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Asphaltene is one of the fractions of the crude oil which is soluble in aromatics such as benzene or toluene and insoluble in alkane such as n-heptane, n-pentane or petroleum ether (mixture of alkane compounds).  Asphaltene precipitation is one of the most common problems that sometimes occurs in both oil recovery and refinery processes as a result of changing in pressure, oil composition, or temperature. Therefore the stability of asphaltene in the crude oil must be studied to show the tendency of it for precipitating asphaltene to prevent it (Asphaltene precipitation and deposition problem) and eliminate the burden of high treatment costs.

In the present study, saturate, aromatic, resin and asphaltene (SARA) analysis of the six dead crude oil samples from different Iraqi oil fields was conducted by using open column liquid chromatography after separating the asphaltene from them through filtration process. The asphaltene stability of dead crude oil samples was studied depending on changing the composition of them by adding the petroleum ether as an alkane and using colloidal instability index (CII) to determine the tendency of these crude oil samples to precipitate asphaltene depending on the SARA analysis results of these dead crude oils.

All of dead crude oil samples showed the instability of asphaltene depending on this index and this means that all of them might precipitate asphaltene if the composition of these crude oil samples changed due to existing with the alkane in the live case in wells (Live oil is oil containing gas phase at reservoir conditions) such as injection of gas which has high ratio of alkane or the expanding the gas in the oil when the pressure decreases until reaches bubble point pressure.

The refractive index of the dead crude oil samples was measured experimentally and calculated by two correlations which were Fan et al. correlation and Chamkalani correlation. The last one showed the best match between the experimental and calculated values of the refractive index of the dead crude oil samples.

 

 

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
The Effect of Power Sources in the Agricultural Tractor and the Developed Sprayer System on the Performance of the Electrical and Mechanical Sprayer System and some Performance Indicators of the Engine
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Abstract<p>An experiment was conducted to study the effect of the sprayer type according to the source of power and the size of the spray nozzle concerning the quality of the spray produced and fuel consumption.Two types of sprayers were used: a conventional boom sprayer (S1) and a modified (electrified) boom sprayer (S2), along with three sizes of the XR TeeJet 110 spray nozzle (N). The following technical performance indicators were examined: Density of coverage (drops/cm2) using ImageJ software, a 600dpi business card scanner, specifically the ScanShell 800N by CSSN, Inc, and water-sensitive paper (WSP), rate of spray nozzles discharge (ml/min), and fuel consumption (liters/hectare) using a c</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Variables (Bias-cut) of Tailoring and their Effect on the Quality of Fitting the Standard Pattern for Large-Shaped Iraqi Ladies: رشا علي صالح , بشرى فاضل صالح التميمي
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The present research is descriptive and analytical by nature; it practically presents the method of implementing the standard pattern in an unconventional way using the bias-cut line. The study aims at investigating the variables of bias-cut and their suitability for fitting large-shaped Iraqi ladies. It also aims at exploring the artistic and innovative features of the bias-cut. Therefore, one needs to understand the rules and basics of clothing and the nature of the body to reach the maximum degree of control.Consequently, the study is to answer the following questions: What is the effectiveness of tailoring on the bias-cut in fitting a standard template of a large-shaped Iraqi ladies? Is it possible to obtain from the offered possibil

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 31 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad (jfacmed Baghdad)
The Role of Activin A levels, Body Mass Index and Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Ectopic Pregnancies and Missed Abortions – A Study on a Group of Iraqi Women
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Evaluating molecular study of the association of Glutathione S – Transferase GST (T1 , M1) genetic polymorphism in Iraqi Arab Femals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major health concern and leading of death in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glutathione S – Transferase(GST) are known for their broad range of detoxification and in the metabolism of xenobiotics . The role of functional variants of these genes in the development of various disorder is proven. We investigated the possible role of these variants in the development of CAD in T2DM patients. In this case – control study a total of 60 patients (T2DM = 30 ; T2DM – CAD = 30) and 30 controls were included. Serum lipid profiles were measured and DNA was extracted from the blood samples. Multiplex PCR for GSTT1/M1 (present / null) polymorphism, were performed for genotyping of study pa

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Coverage of Health Topics in Iraqi Press An analytical Study of Two Newspapers entitled 'al-Sabah and al-Mada' from January 1, 2007 to October 31, 2001
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The current study aims to cover  the health topics  in the Iraqi  journalism ,  to know  the concern 's level  of the Iraqi journalism  when  covering  the health subjects and to know the size of its performance  under the diversity of  visual and audio medias. The researcher has discussed his research by wording it with a set of inquiries   that should be answered via the research and study.  He could have determined that by the following:

What is the concern's level of Iraqi journalism over the health subjects?  What are the forms and press arts that are functionalized by the Iraqi journalism as to get the health message to the republics?  What is t

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Banking Governance According to the principles of the Basel Committee and its impact on the achievement of the strategic objectives of banks Study in a sample of private commercial banks Iraqi
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     This study aims to impact statement played by banking governance according to the decisions of the Basel Committee in achieving the strategic objectives of the banks, But order to achieve the this goal has been the adoption of two hypotheses in addition to the two main hypotheses as sub answered preliminary The study seeks to verify their health and two (no correlation relationship and impact between Banking  governance and achieve strategic objectives), has been tested hypotheses. Study has reached

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Spectral and Dyeing Performance Studies of 4-(2-Aminmo-5-nitro-phenylazo)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one Complexes with Some Metal Ions
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The ligand 4-(2-aminmo-5-nitro-phenylazo)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one derived from 4-aminoantipyrine and 4-nitroaniline was synthesized. The synthesized ligand was characterized by 1HNMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra and (C.H.N) analysis. Complexes of (YIII and LaIII ) with the ligand were prepared in aqueous ethanol with a 1:2 M:L ratio and at optimum pH. The prepared complexes were characterized by using flame atomic absorption, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra,(C.H.N) analysis and conductivity measurement. The stoichiometry of complexes was studied by the mole ratio and job methods. A concentration range (1×10-4 - 3×10-4 M) obeyed Beer's law, the complex solutions show high values of molar absorption. On the basis of physicochemical

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 13 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
A Blended Learning Program Based on the Next Generation Standards (NYS) to Develop the Teaching Performance of Middle School Mathematics Teachers and Some Students’ Future Thinking Skills
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Abstract

The aim of the current research is to prepare an integrated learning program based on mathematics standards for the next generation of the NYS and to investigate its impact on the development of the teaching performance of middle school mathematics teachers and the future thinking skills of their students. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher prepared a list of mathematics standards for the next generation, which were derived from a list of standards. He also prepared a list of the teaching competencies required for middle school mathematics teachers in light of the list of standards, as well as clarified the foundations of the training program and its objectives and the mathematical

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 04 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, characterization and spectroscopic studies on Schiff base complexes of 1-phenyl-2, 3-dimethyl-4-amino-5-oxo-pyrazole with salicylaldehyde with some divalent transition metals
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In this research, the preparation of bidentate Schiff base was carried out via the condensation reaction of both the salicylaldehyde with 1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-5-oxo-pyrazole to form the ligand (L). The mentioned ligand was used to prepare complexes with transition metal ions Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II). The resulting complexes were separated and characterized by FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopic technique. Elemental analysis for Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen elements, electronic spectra of the ligand and complexes were obtained, and the magnetic susceptibility tests were also achieved to measure the dipole moments. The molar conductivities were also measured and determination of chlorine content in the complexes and

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 21 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis, Spectral and Dyeing Performance Studies of 4-(2-Aminmo-5-nitro-phenylazo)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one Complexes with Some Metal Ions
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The ligand 4-(2-aminmo-5-nitro-phenylazo)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one derived from 4-aminoantipyrine and 4-nitroaniline was synthesized. The synthesized ligand was characterized by 1HNMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra and (C.H.N) analysis. Complexes of (YIII and LaIII ) with the ligand were prepared in aqueous ethanol with a 1:2 M:L ratio and at optimum pH. The prepared complexes were characterized by using flame atomic absorption, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectra,(C.H.N) analysis and conductivity measurement. The stoichiometry of complexes was studied by the mole ratio and job methods. A concentration range (1×10-4 - 3×10-4 M) obeyed Beer's law, the complex solutions show high values of molar absorption. On the basis of physicochemical

... Show More