This included the study of embryonic development of the heart in different lengths of embryos of Sailfin molly (Poecelia latipinna) fish, which is one of the invasive fish species in Iraq and is spread acrosswater bodies, especially in the marshes that are located in the south of Iraq. The fish samples were collected from the AGhazl market in Baghdad province, and dissected to remove the ovary that containing embryos at different lengths using fine forceps. All the samples were fixed using formalin after making a hole in the gas sac, especially in advanced embryos stage. In a 3 mm embryo, the heart was completely formed and the blood vessels and optic cup were clear, while the lens of the eye was beginning to form. In 4-5 mm embryo, it was

Urbanization can not be seen as a modern phenomenon. It has led people to live and live in cities for thousands of years. It should be noted here that the oldest villages and large cities have emerged after the crystallization of civilization, that the emergence of cities was one of the phenomena of civilization. There is no doubt that the cities after the emergence has contributed to the development of civilization effective contribution. There has been a civilizational progress when the man practiced agriculture and used metal tools and invented the wheels and went to write in the New Stone Age. In this period, many changes in the field have taken place in economic, cultural and social life. In the economic and cultural aspect, this tr

Detecting the optimum layer for well placement, which requires a diverse assortment of tools and techniques, represents a significant challenge in petroleum studies due to its critical impact on minimizing drilling costs and time. This study aims to evaluate integrated geological, petrophysical, seismic, and geomechanical data to identify the optimum zones for well placement. Three different reservoirs were analyzed to account for lateral and vertical variations in reservoir properties. The integrated data from these reservoirs provides many tools for reservoir development, especially to detect appropriate well placement zones based on evaluations of reservoir and geomechanical quality. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was construct

Detecting the optimum layer for well placement, which requires a diverse assortment of tools and techniques, represents a significant challenge in petroleum studies due to its critical impact on minimizing drilling costs and time. This study aims to evaluate integrated geological, petrophysical, seismic, and geomechanical data to identify the optimum zones for well placement. Three different reservoirs were analyzed to account for lateral and vertical variations in reservoir properties. The integrated data from these reservoirs provides many tools for reservoir development, especially to detect appropriate well placement zones based on evaluations of reservoir and geomechanical quality. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was construct

This paper examines the most important historical knowledge and knowledge of the Arabs in the pre-Islamic era based on the Holy Quran, which is the oldest and most reliable Arab Islamic sources recorded at all, as a major source of this study, to ensure a great interest in history, especially the news of the prophets, and the positions of their nations Some of them, as well as some of the news of the old Arab people such as Aad and Thamud and the owners of the elephant and others, and some of which are repeated in several Quranic fence and various methods of presentation, cited as a lesson and exhortation to the Arab opponents of Islam and a reminder of what befell the peoples of the world B relict of doom to discredit them the apostles

The developed financial system is essential for increasing economic growth and poverty reduction in the world. The financial development helps in poverty reduction indirectly via intermediate channel which is the economic growth. The financial development enhancing economic development through mobilization of savings and channel them to the most efficient uses with higher economic and social returns. In addition, the economic growth reduces the poverty through two channels. The first is direct by increasing the introduction factors held by poor and improve the situations into the sectors and areas where the poor live. The second is indirect through redistribution the realized incomes from the economic growth as well as the realiz

The communication networks (mobile phone networks, social media platforms) produce digital traces from their usages. This type of information help to understand and analyze the human mobility in very accurate way. By these analyzes over cities, it can give powerful data on daily citizen activities, urban planners have in that way, relevant indications for decision making on design and development. As well as, the Call detail Records (CDRs) provides valuable spatiotemporal data at the level of citywide or even nationwide. The CDRs could be analyzed to extract the life patterns and individuals mobility in an observed urban area and during ephemeral events. Whereas, their analysis gives conceptual views about human density and mobility pattern

         The living urban space is considered one of the most important elements of the success of modern cities, and it is the first mental image that is formed by people (residents and visitors) of the city , a measure of the frequency, presence and interaction of people in the spaces is an indication of the city's vitality, well-being and economic strength .

The occupation of the city of Mosul before the terrorist ISIS in 2014 and the subsequent liberation operations and the end of the war in 2017 had a great impact on the destruction of the old city on the right side and the death of its urban spaces due to the abandonment of people to it, especially the area (Al-Midan and Al-Qalayaat),

Urban land uses of all kinds are the constituent elements of the urban spatial structure. Because of the influence of economic and social factors, cities in general are characterized by the dynamic state of their elements over time. Urban functions occur in a certain way with different spatial patterns. Hence, urban planners and the relevant urban management teams should understand the future spatial pattern of these changes by resorting to quantitative models in spatial planning. This is to ensure that future predictions are made with a high level of accuracy so that appropriate strategies can be used to address the problems arising from such changes. The Markov chain method is one of the quantitative models used in spatial planning to ana