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An Optimum Strategy for Producing Precise GPS Satellite Orbits using Double-Differenced Observations
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Both the double-differenced and zero-differenced GNSS positioning strategies have been widely used by the geodesists for different geodetic applications which are demanded for reliable and precise positions. A closer inspection of the requirements of these two GNSS positioning techniques, the zero-differenced positioning, which is known as Precise Point Positioning (PPP), has gained a special importance due to three main reasons. Firstly, the effective applications of PPP for geodetic purposes and precise applications depend entirely on the availability of the precise satellite products which consist of precise satellite orbital elements, precise satellite clock corrections, and Earth orientation parameters. Secondly, the PPP processing strategy has been employed by the International GNSS Service (IGS) and IGS analysis centers to evaluate their products in terms of homogeneity and precision over a long period of time. Thirdly, the precise positions, which are determined using PPP technique, and are referenced directly to the geodetic reference frame of the satellite orbital parameters. Thus, the definition of the geodetic datum of the site coordinates using different strategies plays an enormous role in the process of generation satellite orbital parameters which have to be compatible with the corresponding satellite clock corrections and the Earth orientation parameters. This study focuses on producing uninterrupted series of satellite orbit and clock products using different criteria and assesses these products using PPP. The double-difference processing technique was used to achieve the goal of this study by Bernese GPS software version 5.0. Twenty-two globally distributed IGS stations were selected to run PPP based on the generated products and then compare the results with corresponding PPP results which were created based on the IGS rapid products. The comparison pointed to a significant improvement in the generated precise products which have considerably increased the precision of positions. What is more, this study stated that there is an observable agreement between the horizontal positions accuracies which are generated using different techniques for modeling the reference frame.

 

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Microscopic study of nuclear structure for some Si-isotopes using Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-method
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In this paper the nuclear structure of some of Si-isotopes namely, 28,32,36,40Si have been studied by calculating the static ground state properties of these isotopes such as charge, proton, neutron and mass densities together with their associated rms radii, neutron skin thicknesses, binding energies, and charge form factors. In performing these investigations, the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method has been used with different parameterizations; SkM*, S1, S3, SkM, and SkX. The effects of these different parameterizations on the above mentioned properties of the selected isotopes have also been studied so as to specify which of these parameterizations achieves the best agreement between calculated and experimental data. It can be ded

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
Predicting the Sporting Achievement in the Pole Vault for Men Using Artificial Neural Networks
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The physical sports sector in Iraq suffers from the problem of achieving sports achievements in individual and team games in various Asian and international competitions, for many reasons, including the lack of exploitation of modern, accurate and flexible technologies and means, especially in the field of information technology, especially the technology of artificial neural networks. The main goal of this study is to build an intelligent mathematical model to predict sport achievement in pole vaulting for men, the methodology of the research included the use of five variables as inputs to the neural network, which are Avarage of Speed (m/sec in Before distance 05 meters latest and Distance 05 meters latest, The maximum speed achieved in t

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 05 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Strengthening and Closing Cracks for Existing Reinforced Concrete Girders Using Externally Post-Tensioned Tendons
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This research is devoted to study the strengthening technique for the existing reinforced concrete beams using external post-tensioning. An analytical methodology is proposed to predict the value of the effective prestress force for the external tendons required to close cracks in existing beams. The external prestressing force required to close cracks in existing members is only a part from the total strengthening force.
A computer program created by Oukaili (1997) and developed by Alhawwassi (2008) to evaluate curvature and deflection for reinforced concrete beams or internally prestressed concrete beams is modified to evaluate the deflection and the stress of the external tendons for the externally strengthened beams using Matlab

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 30 2003
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Improvement of CIATIM-201 Grease Properties for Use under Severe Conditions using Suitable Additives
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 12 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Design a Vegetative Filter Strips Length Using VFSMOD_W Model for Reducing Sediments and Pesticides
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 Abstract 

The vegetative filter strips (VFS) are a useful tool used for reducing the movement of sediment and pesticide in therivers. The filter strip’s soil can help in reducing the runoff volume by infiltration. However, the characteristics of VFS (i.e., length) are not recently identified depending on the estimation of VFS modeling performance. The aim of this research is to study these characteristics and determine acorrelation between filter strip length and percent reduction (trapping efficiency) for sediment, water, and pesticide. Two proposed pesticides(one has organic carbon sorption coefficient, Koc, of 147 L/kg which is more moveable than XXXX, and another one

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
A New Structure for Cascaded Single-Stage Distributed Amplifier Using Proposed Active Inductor Loads
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A modification to cascaded single-stage distributed amplifier (CSSDA) design by using active inductor is proposed. This modification is shown to render the amplifier suitable for high gain operation in small on-chip area. Microwave office program simulation of the Novel design approach shows that it has performance compatible with the conventional distributed amplifiers but with smaller area. The CSSDA is suitable for optical and satellite communication systems.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 29 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Engineering And Technological Science (jaets)
Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps For Modeling Environmental Aspect of Sustainable Development in Construction Projects
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The pillars of sustainable development are representing the interface between environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Sustainable development is a method of planning and managing construction projects to reduce the effect of the construction process on the environment so that there is a balance between environmental capabilities and the human needs of present and future generations. Usually, Environmental sustainability is most important and effective in construction projects. The environment suffers from significant negative impacts as a result of the implementation of construction projects; therefore, this study aims to identify the effecting factors on environmentally sustainable development. The methodology of this s

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 31 2025
Journal Name
International Journal Of Intelligent Engineering And Systems
Enhanced Evolutionary Algorithm for Dynamic Community Detection Using a Vulnerable Node Reassignment-based Mutation
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Recently, detecting dynamic patterns for growing communities in social networks have attracted significant attention. The objective of dynamic community detection is to analyze and identify clusters in complex networks that change over time. Different optimization algorithms, including both single-objective and multi-objective approaches, have been employed to address the challenge of dynamic community detection. Although current evolutionary algorithms for identifying community structure can traverse extensive areas of partition space, they often become stuck in local minima. In addition, limited studies have addressed this issue by integrating local search strategies with evolutionary algorithms for community identification. This paper in

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 27 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of University Of Anbar For Pure Science
Comparison of Methods for The Determination of Beta-Lactam Drugs Using Different Analytical Methods
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Given the increasing global use of antibiotics, it has become necessary to examine and recognize their significance. An antibiotic formulation may contain one or more active components, depending on the antibiotic’s type and formulation. Antibiotics act exclusively against bacterial diseases and are ineffective against viral infections such as the common cold and influenza. The purpose of this review is to analyze the existing literature on the determination of antibiotics and to present the methods used for estimating specific antibiotics, including cephalexin, cloxacillin, piperacillin, nafcillin, and cefamandole, in medicinal preparations and biological fluids, such as blood and urine, from humans and animals. Verifying the quality of

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
New Approaches of Cloud Services Access using Tonido Cloud Server for Real-Time Applications
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A Tonido cloud server provides a private cloud storage solution and synchronizes customers and employees with the required cloud services over the enterprise. Generally, access to any cloud services by users is via the Internet connection, which can face some problems, and then users may encounter in accessing these services due to a weak Internet connection or heavy load sometimes especially with live video streaming applications overcloud. In this work, flexible and inexpensive proposed accessing methods are submitted and implemented concerning real-time applications that enable users to access cloud services locally and regionally. Practically, to simulate our network connection, we proposed to use the Raspberry-pi3 m

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