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Experimental Study and Analysis on Degradation of Oily Sludge from Process Equipment by Continuous Hybrid Treatment
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It is well known that petroleum refineries are considered the largest generator of oily sludge which may cause serious threats to the environment if disposed of without treatment. Throughout the present research, it can be said that a hybrid process including ultrasonic treatment coupled with froth floatation has been shown as a green efficient treatment of oily sludge waste from the bottom of crude oil tanks in Al-Daura refinery and able to get high yield of base oil recovery which is 65% at the optimum operating conditions (treatment time = 30 min, ultrasonic wave amplitude = 60 micron, and (solvent: oily sludge) ratio = 4). Experimental results showed that 83% of the solvent used was recovered meanwhile the main water which was separated from solid particles was reused. Three types of sonic probes were used to compare effects of their amplitude created. Results revealed that beyond optimum ultrasound intensity, the treating time has an adverse effect on process efficiency. Results proved that usage 0.05% NaOH during the proposed hybrid process increased the oil recovery from 50 to 65%. The proposed hybrid treatment method could represent an environmentally friendly treatment of waste sludge produced from an oil refinery.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Electrical and dielectric properties of kevlar - carbon hybrid fiber / epoxy laminated composites
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This paper reports a.c., d.c. conductivity and dielectric behavior of Ep-hybrid composite with12 Vol.% Kevlar-Carbon hybrid . D.C. conductivity measurements are conducted on the graded composites by using an electrometer over the temperature range from (293-413) K. It was shown then that conductivity increases by increasing number of Kevlar –Carbon fiber layers (Ep1, Ep2, Ep3), due to the high electrical conductivity of Carbon fiber. To identify the mechanism governing the conduction, the activation energies at low temperature region (LTR) and at high temperature region (HTR) have been calculated. The activation energy values for hybrid composite decrease with increasing number of fiber layers. The a.c. conductivity was measured over fr

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conf. Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Enhancing the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete using mono and hybrid fibers
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Abstract<p>This investigation aims to study some properties of lightweight aggregate concrete reinforced by mono or hybrid fibers of different sizes and types. In this research, the considered lightweight aggregate was Light Expanded Clay Aggregate while the adopted fibers included hooked, straight, polypropylene, and glass. Eleven lightweight concrete mixes were considered, These mixes comprised of; one plain concrete mix (without fibers), two reinforced concrete mixtures of mono fiber (hooked or straight fibers), six reinforced concrete mixtures of double hybrid fibers, and two reinforced concrete mixtures of triple hybrid fibers. Hardened concrete properties were investigated in this study. G</p> ... Show More
Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conf. Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Enhancing the mechanical properties of lightweight concrete using mono and hybrid fibers
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Abstract<p>This investigation aims to study some properties of lightweight aggregate concrete reinforced by mono or hybrid fibers of different sizes and types. In this research, the considered lightweight aggregate was Light Expanded Clay Aggregate while the adopted fibers included hooked, straight, polypropylene, and glass. Eleven lightweight concrete mixes were considered, These mixes comprised of; one plain concrete mix (without fibers), two reinforced concrete mixtures of mono fiber (hooked or straight fibers), six reinforced concrete mixtures of double hybrid fibers, and two reinforced concrete mixtures of triple hybrid fibers. Hardened concrete properties were investigated in this study. G</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Design of New Hybrid Neural Structure for Modeling and Controlling Nonlinear Systems
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This paper proposes a new structure of the hybrid neural controller based on the identification model for nonlinear systems. The goal of this work is to employ the structure of the Modified Elman Neural Network (MENN) model into the NARMA-L2 structure instead of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model in order to construct a new hybrid neural structure that can be used as an identifier model and a nonlinear controller for the SISO linear or nonlinear systems. Weight parameters of the hybrid neural structure with its serial-parallel configuration are adapted by using the Back propagation learning algorithm. The ability of the proposed hybrid neural structure for nonlinear system has achieved a fast learning with minimum number

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Removal of Dissolved Organic Compounds and Contaminants from Wastewater of a Petroleum Refinery by Ion Exchange
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The efficient removal of dissolved organic compounds (DOC) from wastewater has become a major environmental concern because of its high toxicity even at low concentrations. Therefore, a technique was needed to reduce these pollutants. Ion exchange technology (IE) was used with AmberliteTM IR120 Na, AmberliteTM IR96RF, and AmberliteTM IR402, firstly by using anion and mixed bed system, where the following variables are investigated for the process of adsorption: The height of the bed in column (8,10 and 14 cm), different concentrations of (DOC) content at constant flow rate. The use of an ion exchanger unit (continuous system) with three columns (cation, anion, and mixed bed) was studied.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 15 2021
Journal Name
Plant Archives
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF GBS BACTERIA FROM MASTITIS BY CAMP TEST AND LANCEFIELD’S SEROLOGICAL GROUPING
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Mastitis is an udder tissue inflammation which has infected various species of animals. It happens through several types of pathogenic bacteria, particularly Streptococcus agalactiae. GBS is a leading cause of cow mastitis. In our sample, 9.52% of Streptococcus agalactiae were isolated which were collected from bovine mastic milk and identified by biochemical tests such as catalase, oxidase, Production of indole, fermentation of sugar, an examination of antibiotic sensitivity, CAMP test and group kits of Lancefield. The results showed that all Streptococcus agalactiae isolate was diagnosed by CAMP test by the appearance of the arrowhead in blood agar and by the appearance of visible agglutination on a card in the serological grouping kit of

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental Study on Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Characteristics of Single Layer Graphene Based DI-water Nanofluid in a Circular Tube under Laminar Flow and Different Heat Fluxes as Boundary Conditions
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An experimental study was performed to estimate the forced convection heat transfer performance and the pressure drop of a single layer graphene (GNPs) based DI-water nanofluid in a circular tube under a laminar flow and a uniform heat flux boundary conditions. The viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid at weight concentrations of (0.1 to 1 wt%) were measured. The effects of the velocity of flow, heat flux and nanoparticle weight concentrations on the  enhancement of the heat transfer are examined. The Nusselt number of the GNPs nanofluid was enhanced as the heat flux and the velocity of flow rate  increased, and the maximum Nusselt number  ratio (Nu nanofluid/ Nu base fluid)   and thermal performance factor

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 09 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study the Contrast of Thermal Expansion Behavior of the Unsaturated Polyester resin (UP) containing Phenolic Bakelite(PF) By Using The Thermomechanical Analysis Technique(TMA)
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TMA Technique was used to study the behavior of the thermal expansion (α) of the unsaturated polyester resin(UP) containing ratios wt % of different phenolic Bakelite. We can through this technique evaluate the coefficient of linear thermal expansion (α) on the one hand and the glass transition temperature(Tg)  of his other hand of polymer composite prepared .Evidenced from this study that extravagant increases the ratio of phenolic Bakelite in polyester prepared led to a decrease in the Tg and it was observed that there is increase in the values of (α) in low temperture and decrease in high temperture due to transformation of polymeric material from elastic to plastic , and therefore, increase the ratio to 15% phenoli

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Dapagliflozin Propanediol Monohydrate and Its Related Substances and Degradation Products Using LC-MS and Preparative Chromatography Methods
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Dapagliflozin is a novel sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor. This work aims to develop a new
validated sensitive RP-HPLC coupled with a mass detector method for the determination of dapagliflozin, its
alpha isomer, and starting material in the presence of dapagliflozin major degradation products and an internal
standard (empagliflozin). The separation was achieved on BDS Hypersil column (length of 250mm, internal
diameter of 4.6 mm and 5-μm particle size) at a temperature of 35℃. Water and acetonitrile were used as
mobile phase A and B by gradient mode at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. A wavelength of 224nm was selected to
perform detection using a photo diode array detector. The method met the

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 05 2024
Journal Name
European Endodontic Journal
Assessment of Treatment Quality Risk Factors Influencing the Radiographic Detection of Apical Periodontitis in Root-Filled Teeth: A Retrospective CBCT Analysis
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