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Scheduling of Irrigation and Leaching Requirements
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Iraq depends mainly on Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to provide high percentage of agricultural water use for thousands years. At last years, Iraq is suffering from shortage in water resources due to global climate changes and unfair water politics of the neighboring countries, which affected the future of agriculture plans for irrigation, added to that the lack of developed systems of water management in the irrigation projects and improper allocation of irrigation water, which reduces water use efficiency and lead to losing irrigation water and decreasing in agricultural yield. This study aims at studying the usability of irrigation and leaching scheduling within the irrigating projects and putting a complete annual or seasonal irrigation program as a solution for the scarcity of irrigation water, the increase of irrigation efficiency, lessening the salinity in the projects and preparing an integral irrigation calendar through field measurements of soil physical properties and chemical for project selected and compared to the results of the irrigation scheduling and leaching with what is proposed by the designers. The process is accomplished by using a computer program which was designed by Water Resources Department at the University of Baghdad, with some modification to generalize it and made it applicable to various climatic zone and different soil types. Study area represented by large project located at the Tigris River, and this project was (Al-Amara) irrigation project. Sufficient samples of project's soil were collected so as to identify soil physical and chemical properties and the salinity of soil and water as well as identifying the agrarian cycles virtually applied to this project. Finally, a comparison was conducted between the calculated water quantities and the suggested ones by the designers. The research results showed that using this kind of scheduling (previously prepared irrigation and leaching scheduling) with its properties which made it applicable requires an intense care when using the plant distribution pattern, the agrarian cycle, its agrarian areas and agricultural intensity within all climatic regions. Also, it was found that this program was an instrumental tool for providing water if the plant distribution pattern was well-selected.

 

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of the Symmetry Energy and the Nuclear Equation of State for 13O -13B and 13N-13C Mirror Nuclei
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In parallel with the shell model using the harmonic oscillator's single-particle wave functions, the Hartree-Fock approximation was also used to calculate the neutron skin thickness, the mirror charge radii, and the differences in proton radii for 13O-13B and 13N-13C mirror nuclei. The calculations were done for both mirror nuclei in the psdpn model space. Depending on the type of potential used, the calculated values of skin thickness are affected. The symmetry energy and the symmetry energy's slope at nuclear saturation density were also determined, and the ratio of the density to the saturation density of nuclear matter and the symmetry energy has a nearly linear correlation. The mirror ener

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Publication Date
Mon May 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of The Mechanical Behavior Of Biomedical Materials
Bioactivity, cytocompatibility and thermal properties of experimental Bioglass-reinforced composites as potential root-canal filling materials
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To evaluate the bioactivity and the cytocompatibility of experimental Bioglass-reinforced polyethylene-based root-canal filling materials. The thermal properties of the experimental materials were also evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry, while their radiopacity was assessed using a grey-scale value (GSV) aluminium step wedge and a phosphor plate digital system. Bioglass 45S5 (BAG), polyethylene and Strontium oxide (SrO) were used to create tailored composite fibres. The filler distribution within the composites was assessed using SEM, while their bioactivity was evaluated through infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after storage in simulated body fluid (SBF). The radiopacity of the composite fibres and their thermal properties were

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 20 2024
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
Synthesis, Characterization of Nickel Cobaltite Nanoparticles and Its Use in Removal Methyl Green Dye from Aqueous Solution
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In this study, nickel cobaltite (NC) nanoparticles were created using the sol-gel process and used as an adsorbent to adsorb methyl green dye (MG) from aqueous solutions. The adequate preparation of nickel cobaltite nanoparticles was verified using FT-IR, SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The crystalline particle size of NC nanoparticles was 10.53 nm. The effects of a number of experimental variables, such as temperature, adsorbent dosage, and contact time, were examined. The optimal contact time and adsorbent dosage were 120 minutes and 4.5 mg/L, respectively. Four kinetic models—an intraparticle diffusion, a pseudo-first-order equation, a pseudo-second-order equation, and the Boyd equation—were employed to monitor the adsorpti

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 26 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Experimental and Analytical Study of Bending Stresses and Deflections in Curved Beam Made of Laminated Composite Material
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Abstract

 

Theoretical and experimental methodologies were assessed to test curved beam made of layered   composite material. The maximum stress and maximum deflection were computed for each layer and the effect of radius of curvature and curve shape on them. Because of the increase of the use of composite materials in aircraft structures and the renewed interest in these types of problems, the presented theoretical assessment was made using three different approaches: curved beam theory and an approximate 2D strength of material equations and finite element method (FEM) analysis by ANSYS 14.5 program for twelve cases of multi-layered cylindrical shell panel differs in fibe

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 30 2003
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Scientific interpretation of the Holy Qur’an and its impact on belief and thought
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Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of Messengers, Muhammad and his family

The good and pure and after his companions

God Almighty said: ( ) Do they not contemplate the Qur’an? If it had been from other than God, they would have found in it much discrepancy. God Almighty has made the well-being of people and their lives linked to faith in it. So what is the need of people today to return to the Book of their Lord so that they may return to the right path that God intended for His servants so that they may attain sustenance? Security and the good life. How could it not be, when many of the nations of the world no longer see security or stability because their leaders and politic

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 28 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Enhanced Oil Recovery using Smart Water Injection
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Smart water flooding (low salinity water flooding) was mainly invested in a sandstone reservoir. The main reasons for using low salinity water flooding are; to improve oil recovery and to give a support for the reservoir pressure.

In this study, two core plugs of sandstone were used with different permeability from south of Iraq to explain the effect of water injection with different ions concentration on the oil recovery. Water types that have been used are formation water, seawater, modified low salinity water, and deionized water.

The effects of water salinity, the flow rate of water injected, and the permeability of core plugs have been studied in order to summarize the best conditions of low salinity

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF CLOSED WET COOLING TOWER
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Thermal performance of closed wet cooling tower has been investigated experimentally and theoretically
in this work. The theoretical model based on heat and mass transfer equations and heat and mass transfer balance equations which are established for steady state case. A new small indirect cooling tower was used for conducting experiments. The cooling capacity of cooling tower is 1 kW for an inlet water temperature of 38oC, a water mass velocity 2.3 kg/m2.s and an air wet bulb temperature of 26oC. This study investigates the relationship between saturation efficiency, cooling capacity and coefficient of performance of closed wet cooling tower versus different operating parameters such wet-bulb temperature, variable air-spray water fl

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Under the title "ideas to demonstrate and prove some new insight into the measurement of psychological and educational assessment"Paragraphs of the psychometric analysis between the logical and virtual (for arbitrators experts and specialists) and the sta
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   Thsst researcher problem of delays faced by researchers are all waiting to evaluate their standards by the experts who must take their views to extract the truth Virtual important step first step in building standards whatsoever, then the difference of opinion among experts about the paragraphs Whatever the scope of their functions, leading to confusion in maintaining these paragraphs or delete? Or ignore the views and opinion of the researcher to maintain the same? Or as agreed upon with the supervisor if he was a student? Especially if the concepts of a modern new building.
   Therefore, the researcher sought to try to find a solution to her problem to conduct an experiment to test building steps

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Environmental Advances
Stability and performance studies of emulsion liquid membrane on pesticides removal using mixture of Fe3O4Â nanoparticles and span80
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Publication Date
Fri May 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Water Retention Techniques under Crop’s Root Zone a Tool to Enhance Water Use Efficiency and Economic Water Productivity for Zucchini
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 A new technique in cultivation by installing membrane sheet below the crop’s root zone was helped to save irrigation water in the root zone, less farm losses, increasing the field water use efficiency and water productivity. In this paper, the membrane sheet was installed below the root zone of zucchini during the summer growing season 2017 in open field.  This research was carried out in a private field in Babil governorate at Sadat Al Hindiya Township reached 72 km from Baghdad. Surface trickle irrigation system was used for irrigation process. Two treatment plots were used, treatment plot T1 using membrane sheet and treatment plot T2 without using the membrane sheet. The applied irrigation water, time of

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