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Applying Penman-Monteith Equation to Evaluate the Performance of Atmometer Apparatus in Greenhouse for Estimating Reference Evapotranspiration
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In this paper an atmometer apparatus were used in the greenhouses for estimating reference evapotranspiration values. Experimental work was conducted in the agriculture research center in the College of Agriculture-University of Baghdad west of the city of Baghdad. One atmometer was used in eggplant greenhouse and in cucumber greenhouse through the winter growing season 2013-2014. FAO Penman-Monteith equation was applied outside the greenhouse and used only 65% from the value of ETo in the greenhouses for estimating the reference evapotranspiration in the greenhouse. Moreover, Penman-Monteith equation was applied in greenhouses for the evaluating the performance of the atmometer. The results show that the error analyses between FAO Penman-Monteith equation in greenhouse and the atmometer readings, the root mean square difference (RMSD), mean bias error (MBE) and relative error (RE) for eggplant and cucumber greenhouses were: 1.163mm/day, 0.933mm/day, 30.19%, and 0.688mm/day, 0.518mm/day and 22.93%, respectively. A fair agreement was found. While the error analyses between 65% from outdoor ETo of FAO Penman-Monteith equation and the atmometer readings, the RMSD, MBE and RE for eggplant and cucumber greenhouses were: 0.930mm/day, 0.743mm/day, 24.27%, and 0.374mm/day, 0.289mm/day and 12.47%, respectively. A good agreement was found. The atmometer apparatus could be used successfully by researchers and farmers in estimation daily or weekly reference evapotranspiration in greenhouses as well as in low technology greenhouses.

 

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 09 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Assessment of Coping Strategies for Parents of Autistic Child and their relation to educational level
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Objectives: To assess the coping strategies of parents of children with autism and the relationship of
different strategies with their educational level.
Methodology: A descriptive analytical study was carried out from Feb. 14th, 2013 through April, 10th
, 2013 in
several private rehabilitation centers of autism in Baghdad city. A non- probability (purposive) sample of 100
autistic children and 100 of their parents (father or mother) was assessed by a questionnaire which consisted of
two parts; the first part is concerned with the demographic characteristics of the child and demographic
characteristics of the parents; the second part consisted of 50 questions about coping strategies that were
distributed on 8 doma

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 01 2021
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archeves
ABILITY OF CRONOBACTER SAKAZAKII FOR ADHESION AND INVASION TO SKG-GT-4 CELL LINE
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ABSTRACT : Fifteenth isolates of C. sakazakii were obtained from previous studies of the sample (infant formula, cerebrospinal fluid and blood). All isolates C. sakazakii identification based on microscopic, biochemical test and confirmed by 16SrRNA. We studied the movement of all isolates and study adhesion to polystyrene plate, adhesion and invasion to Esophageal adenocarcinoma (SKG-GT-4) for four isolates [Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF5), Bloods (B 1), Dialak (A1c), Novolac Allernova (C1)] and its cytotoxicity. Results showed that all isolates can move after 4 hours of incubation and increased after 8 hours, the isolates moved to different distances strong, medium, and weak. The results showed that the number of C. sakazakii colony adherent t

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Scopus
Publication Date
Thu Oct 22 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Analytical Study Of Teaching Efficiency According To Herman Module For Baghdad Governorate Physical Educators
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The importance of the current research lies in the importance of teaching competencies and the ability of the teacher to deal and success in his educational career. The research aimed to identify the degree of teaching competencies according to Hermann model of physical education teachers in Baghdad governorate. The descriptive method using the survey method was used on a randomly selected sample of 462 teachers and 314 school principals. After the completion of the survey, the Hermann scale forms were distributed to the teachers. The forms of the teaching competency scale were distributed to their school principals as the direct supervisors of the teachers' evaluation. After completing the survey, the results of each scale were classified

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Barriers to Baseline Needs for Early Detection of Breast Cancer among Iraqi Female Patients
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Background: Breast Cancer is the most common malignancy among the Iraqi population; the majority of cases are still diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prospects of cure. Early detection through promoting public awareness is one of the promising tools in its control. Objectives: To evaluate the baseline needs for breast cancer awareness in Iraq through exploring level of knowledge, beliefs and behavior towards the disease and highlighting barriers to screening among a sample of Iraqi women complaining of breast cancer. Methodology: Two-hundred samples were enrolled in this study; gathered from the National

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 10 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effect of Long Term Exposure to Sodium Nitrite on Gene Responsible for DNA Repair
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Objective: The aim of this study is to detect the effect of continuous exposure to Sodium Nitrite on 8-oxoguanine
DNA glycosylase (OGG1) gene which responsible on DNA repairs. DNA repair play a major role in maintaining
genomic stability when DNA exposure to damage. Genomic stability is very important for keeping body cells
healthy and to prevent many types of tumor development. Many genes are responsible for this job; one of them is
OGG1 gene.
Methodology: In current study two groups of mice were chronically exposed to sodium nitrite for six months and
eighteen months while third group was used as a control. Then sizes of OGG1 were estimated.
Results: The results exhibited in the unexposed (control) mice had two dif

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Estimation the cancer risk due to ingestion the food spices commonly used in Iraqi kitchen
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Abstract<p>Spices are natural substances taken from special plants and have a different taste when added to food and some of them have great benefits for health and body. These plants vary from country to country depending on the type of soil and how they are grown and this affects their quality. In this study, the specific activity of <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>232</sup>Th series and <sup>137</sup>Cs in some selected natural food spices commonly used in Iraq kitchen were determined using gamma spectrometry and the ingested doses via food consumption were also assessed. The average specific activity of <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>238<</sup></p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Teaching And Research
Islamification vs. Islamophobia: A Message to the Youth in the Occident: Critical &amp; Rhetorical Inquiries
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Drawing upon the recent theoretical framework of Burkean concept of identification (ID), the current study aims at probing the interaction of content and form in two letters penned by Iran’s Supreme Leader and addressed to the Youth on Jan. and Nov. 2015. To this end, the study seeks (i) to determine a role ID takes in the conveyance of intended assumptions to the targeted readers; and (ii) to observe if the writer’s objectives, i.e. to identify himself with the readers and to realize his politically-religiously-infused creeds, result in success or failure; moreover, (iii) it seeks to determine how he achieved his end to attenuate the impacts of blazing inferno of Islamophobia and anti-Islam sentiments in his addressees. The who

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Syntactic Efforts to The Sheikh Mohammad Muhi Ad-Deen Abdulhameed in Ibin Akeel's Explanation
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The Arabic language is one of the honoring languages that has a supreme status. Being the language of the Holly Qura'an has increased its refinedness and spread in the Islamic and non-Islamic world. It has become the means of communication and conversation, and the language of knowledge and thought. The multiplicity of its dialects and accents is a sign of its capacity. Many Roman, Persian, and Greek sciences and arts have been translated and Arabicized into it. It has further become the formal language of communication in the world. Many great Arab scholars have played a role in examining it to maintain and elevate it. One of these scholars is the great scientist Mohammad Muhi Ad-Deen Abdulhameed who has done great syntactic efforts in

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The relationship between critical thinking, epistemological beliefs, and learning strategies with the students’ academic performance
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The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between critical thinking, epistemological beliefs, and learning strategies with the academic performance of high school first-grade male and female students in Yazd. For this purpose, from among all first-grade students, as many as 250 students (130 females and 120 males) were selected by using multistage cluster sampling. The data needed were then collected through using California Critical Thinking Skills Test, Schommer's Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire, Biggs’ Revised Two Factor Study Process Questionnaire. The findings indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between critical thinking and academic performance and achievement. Moreover, four fa

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 18 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
The Challenges of Translation from Persian to Arabic In Light of the Equivalence Theory of Mona Baker; Equivalence at the Word Level
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This dissertation studies the application of equivalence theory developed by Mona Baker in translating Persian to Arabic. Among various translation methodologies, Mona Baker’s bottom-up equivalency approach is unique in several ways. Baker’s translation approach is a multistep process. It starts with studying the smallest linguistic unit, “the word”, and then evolves above the level of words leading to the translation of the entire text. Equivalence at the word level, i.e., word for word method, is the core point of Baker’s approach.

This study evaluates the use of Baker’s approach in translation from Persian to Arabic, mainly because finding the correct equivalence is a major challenge in this translation. Additionall

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