Background: Oil refinery workers are continuously exposed to numerous hazardous materials. Petroleum contains the heavy metals as a natural constituent or as additives. These metals induce the production of ROS which associated with an oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids. This study was conducted to assess the salivary levels of heavy metals, salivary oxidative status, oral immunological activity (salivary sIgA) and assessment of the oral findings among the workers of Al-Daura oil refinery in Baghdad city. Subjects, Materials and Methods: This study was done in Al-Daura oil refinery; samples consist of 60 workers involved in refinery processes (study group) and 20 non-workers (control group). Oral examination and saliva collection

The tourism industry has undergone exponential transformation, reshaped by online travel agencies (OTAs), shifting consumer preferences, and technological advancements. Established OTAs like TripAdvisor and Travelocity face pressures to adapt their strategies to capitalize on these disruptive landscape changes. This research involves a comparative analysis examining the key challenges confronting TripAdvisor and Travelocity, with a focus on opportunities to leverage artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing personalization and the traveler experience. The study utilizes publicly available data on the companies and academic literature on AI innovation diffusion. Findings reveal that while TripAdvisor has actively developed AI-based trip plan

Management Representations Letter plays a significant role as an evidence to get conclusions the Auditor is looking for. These conclusions could show the professional opinion of auditor over the fairness and integrity of financial statements for many issues and numbers that management claims, Hereby, the research aims at highlighting the importance of Management Representations Letter and the way of using as an evidence with expressing its meaning and means of application in addition to identify the Responsibility of Auditor on that Letter, This research discusses also the effect of Management Representations Letter on the credibility of financial statement and enhancing the credibility of the submitted reports, From other side, in the t

Every researcher must say that the world in continually progress toward the best and that
the Arab and Islamic civilization had produced much of systems and virtuous educational
practices which raised from Islamic heritage. This nation was not isolated from external
world, but it was made a clear active for promote the banner of other nations which entered
under her influence to promote Islamic banner and Muslims. Consequently also Muslims are
affected and influenced, this resulted a clear impact in the civilization and educational
ideology especially in the contemporary teaching methods.

The monogenean Gyrodactylus taimeni Ergens, 1971 was recorded in this study for the first time in Iraq from gills of the common carp Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758. The description and measurements of this parasite as well as illustration were given. In addition, a list of species of Gyrodactylus so far recorded from C. carpio in Iraq is also included together with a list of all other hosts recorded for each gyrodactylid species.

                 This study aims to identify the role of forensic accounting in the Iraqi environment, banking stability, and to achieve this goal, we used the field survey method, as it is the most appropriate for studying the phenomenon in question and achieving its objectives.

Where we selected a sample consisting of (50) male and female employees, distributed among five private banks in Baghdad governorate, namely (Ashur International Bank, Development Investment Bank, Iraqi Middle East Investment Bank, Hammurabi Commercial Bank, Khaleej Commercial Bank), and the questionnaire tool was applied to them Designed for this purpose, which consisted of

Land Transport regards a main element in the In Fra – structure of the national economy where distance and time shortness, open new opportunities of work, develop the different regions and rise the standard of living….

It is necessary to emphasize that the circumastances surrounding Iraq such as wars, economic sanctions, blockade occupation effected negatively upon economic Indicators of land Transportion including Value of output Value added contraction of Investment allocation and  Investment expend tuer and the period of implementation and fulfillment of the projects of Land Transport to be ready to offer their service in underdeveloped country Like Iraq aiming to satisfy Fast and acomprehensi

Results showed high efficiency of the predator Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to attack and consume nymphal instars and adults of cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.).The total average of the nymphal instars consumed by the larval stage of predator were 308.67, 285.9, 198.77, 154.7 for 1st ,2nd ,3rd ,4th nymphal instars respectively .While it was 110,107.9 for apterae and alatae respectively . Also, predation efficiency increases with the progress of the larval instars up to the third (last) which was the most voracious .The 1st instar nymph consumed by the larvae of the predator were 47,80,181.67 nymphs ,with predation rate of 14.71% , 23.75% and 50.13% for 1st ,2nd and 3rd larval instars

Post Modern Persian poetry that is rich with visions and creations has slowly but firmly regained its statues in modern Persian literature and poetry. Ali Baba Chahi is considered one of Iran’s most prominent postmodern and post-Nimaie writer and poet.

     The present paper discusses the general style characteristics as well as the distinctive stylistic creations of Ali Baba Chahi as presented in his collected poems In Caves full of Daffodils.

      In conclusion, the study crystallizes some of the stylistic characteristics of Ali Baba Chahi as a leading figure in postmodern poetry. The study, also, provides a comprehensive critical analysis of the collection of