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joe-2988
DESIGN OF A CONTINUOUS SLIDING MODE CONTROLLER FOR THE ELECTRONIC THROTTLE VALVE SYSTEM
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Lowering the emission, fuel economy and torque management are the essential
requirements in the recent development in the automobile industry. The main engine control
input that satisfies the above requirements is the throttling angle which adjusts the air mass
flow rate to the engine port. Due to the uncertainty and the presence of the nonlinear
components in its dynamical model, the sliding mode control theory is utilized in this work
for the throttle valve angle control system to design a robust controller for this system in the
presence of a nonlinear spring and Coulomb friction. A continuous sliding mode control law
which consists of a saturation function, instead of a signum function, and the integral of
another saturation function is used in this work. This choice for the control structure will
prevent the chattering to occurs but with a certain steady state error. On the other hand, the
addition of the integral term will effectively reduce the steady state error according to the
choice of its parameters. The simulations result for typical references of the opening throttle
angle demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller, especially after the addition of
a nonlinear integral term.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 15 2021
Journal Name
Al-academy
Simulation of myths in industrial product design "the seven eyes amulet as a model"
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The research is to identify the legend of the seven eyes amulet of Babylonian origin and the representations it carried of the link between the Babylonian past and the Islamic present presented in the design works of the promoted products, preserving its impact in the souls as a way to avoid the act of envy, and from this was the research problem that I want to get answers to, which That is (How was the legend of the seven-eyes amulet represented in the design of industrial products?), making its goal to identify how that legend was represented within the design work of marketed industrial products, and in order to reach the answer, the research presented many concepts starting with the legend in its various forms in industrial products.

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 02 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science& Nature
HYPOTHYROIDISM IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: MODE OF PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT OUTCOME
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ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to determine the mode of presentation of hypothyroidism in pediatric patients and the effects of timing of diagnosis and therapy on the patient’s outcome. The study involved review and evaluation of the medical records of 41 registered patients in the Endocrine clinic of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad during the period from January 1991 to July 2007. Forty one patients included in this study. Twenty four (58.5%) were males and17 (41.4%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1, their age range is 40 days to12.3 years. The majority of the studied patients were infants 19(47%). The most commonly observed presenting features were growth retardation and short stature. The best t

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Fractally Generated Microstrip Bandpass Filter Designs Based on Dual-Mode Square Ring Resonator for Wireless Communication Systems
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A novel fractal design scheme has been introduced in this paper to generate microstrip bandpass filter designs with miniaturized sizes for wireless applications. The presented fractal scheme is based on Minkowski-like prefractal geometry. The space-filling property and self-similarity of this fractal geometry has found to produce reduced size symmetrical structures corresponding to the successive iteration levels. The resulting filter designs are with sizes suitable for use in modern wireless communication systems. The performance of each of the generated bandpass filter structures up to the 2nd iteration has been analyzed using a method of moments (MoM) based software IE3D, which is widely adopted in microwave research and in

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 21 2021
Journal Name
Jmerd
stress and strain analysis for the prosthetic hand design actuated by links
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Prosthetic hands are compensatory devices for the hand amputees as a result of injury, various accidents or birth deformities, types of prosthetic hand vary depending on the mechanism they operate and how they perform. There are common types in use that are characterized by their complex mechanisms, which are difficult for the amputee to use or exclude use because of their high cost, therefore the aim of this research is to design an artificial hand that is suitable in terms of simplicity of use and low cost and similar to a natural hand with regard to dimensions and shape that operated in the mechanism of links. This research involves Stress and strain analysis of the prosthetic hand and its fingers that modelled from (Petg CR)

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine And Toxicology
Continuous Flow Injection Analysis,Turbidmetric and Photometric Determination of Methyldopa Using a New Long Distance Chasing Photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2)
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A specific, sensitive and new simple method was used for the determination of methyldopa in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by using continuous flow injection analysis. This method is based on formation of ion pair compound between methyldopa and potassium hexacyanoferrate in acidic medium to obtain a yellow precipitate complex using long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2). The linear range for calibration graph was 0.05-35 mmol/L for cell A and 0.05-25 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 1.4292 µg /200 µL for both cells with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9981 for cell A and 0.9994 for cell B, RSD% was lower than 0.5 % for n=8 for. The results were compared with classical method UV-Spectrophotometric at λ max=280 nm and turbi

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 01 2021
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Weighted Residual Method for the System of Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equations of the Second Kind Using an Exponential Function
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The numerical resolve nonlinear system of Volterra integral equation of the second kind (NLSVIEK2) has been considered. The exponential function is used as the base function of the collocation method to approximate the resolve of the problem. Arithmetic epitome are performed which have already been solved by weighted residual manner,  Taylor manner and block- by- block(2, 3, 5).

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 24 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The Civil Responsibility of the Editor of the Electronic Press: Study in Jordanian Legisation
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This study is intended to discuss the civil responsibility of the editor in the field of electronic publishing.

          The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of the editor in the electronic publication and the basis of its civil responsibility, its legal problems under the legal rules contained in the Civil Code.

          The first topic deals with the concept and importance of the editor in the news website. The second section deals with the provisions governing the civil responsibility of the editor.

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Ability of the Independent Auditor to Audit the Application Requirements of Electronic Commerce
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The purpose of this research is to determine the extent to which independent auditors can audit the requirements of e-commerce related to (infrastructure requirements, legislation and regulations, tax laws, and finally human cadres). To achieve this, a questionnaire was designed for auditors. Numerous statistical methods, namely arithmetic mean and standard deviation, have been used through the implementation of the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) program.

The research has reached several results, the most important of which are: There are noobstacles to enabling the auditor to audit the application of the e-commerce requirements as well as the respective(infrastructure requirements, legislation and regulations, t

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 24 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Psychological effects of electronic games In children and adolescents
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The proliferation of electronic games, video games and computers has caused children and teenagers to become attracted to these games and become their favorite entertainment. The widespread of these games has generated widespread debate about positive aspects and negative aspects. It is evident that there are two main trends in the impact of electronic games on the behavior of children and adolescents. The first trend is that e-games have positive effects on children and adolescents, especially in cognitive abilities and skills in learning. While the second view sees that electronic games have negative effects that appear in social isolation and lack of movement and aggression. Through the review of previous literature, the current resea

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Ab–Initio large unit cell calculations of the electronic structure of Si and Ge nanocrystals
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Ab – initio restricted Hartree - Fock method within the framework of large unit cell (LUC) formalism is used to investigate the electronic structure of Si and Ge nanocrystals. The surface and core properties are investigated. A large unit cell of 8 atoms is used in the present analysis. Cohesive energy, energy gap, conduction and valence band widths are obtained from the electronic structure calculations. The results are compared with available experimental data and theoretical results of other investigators. The calculated lattice constant is found to be slightly larger than the corresponding experimental value because we use only 8 atoms and we compared the results with that of the bulk crystals, nanoclusters are expected to have str

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