Recently, digital communication has become a critical necessity and so the Internet has become the most used medium and most efficient for digital communication. At the same time, data transmitted through the Internet are becoming more vulnerable. Therefore, the issue of maintaining secrecy of data is very important, especially if the data is personal or confidential. Steganography has provided a reliable method for solving such problems. Steganography is an effective technique in secret communication in digital worlds where data sharing and transfer is increasing through the Internet, emails and other ways. The main challenges of steganography methods are the undetectability and the imperceptibility of con

In this paper, a method is proposed to increase the compression ratio for the color images by
dividing the image into non-overlapping blocks and applying different compression ratio for these
blocks depending on the importance information of the block. In the region that contain important
information the compression ratio is reduced to prevent loss of the information, while in the
smoothness region which has not important information, high compression ratio is used .The
proposed method shows better results when compared with classical methods(wavelet and DCT).

In this paper, wireless network is planned; the network is predicated on the IEEE 802.16e standardization by WIMAX. The targets of this paper are coverage maximizing, service and low operational fees. WIMAX is planning through three approaches. In approach one; the WIMAX network coverage is major for extension of cell coverage, the best sites (with Band Width (BW) of 5MHz, 20MHZ per sector and four sectors per each cell). In approach two, Interference analysis in CNIR mode. In approach three of the planning, Quality of Services (QoS) is tested and evaluated. ATDI ICS software (Interference Cancellation System) using to perform styling. it shows results in planning area covered 90.49% of the Baghdad City and used 1000 mob

PC-based controller is an approach to control systems with Real-Time parameters by controlling selected manipulating variable to accomplish the objectives. Shell and tube heat exchanger have been identified as process models that are inherently nonlinear and hard to control due to unavailability of the exact models’ descriptions. PC and analogue input output card will be used as the controller that controls the heat exchanger hot stream to the desired temperature.
The control methodology by using four speed pump as manipulating variable to control the temperature of the hot stream to cool to the desired temperature.
In this work, the dynamics of cross flow shell and tube heat exchanger is modeled from step changes in cold water f

In this paper, an algorithm through which we can embed more data than the
regular methods under spatial domain is introduced. We compressed the secret data
using Huffman coding and then this compressed data is embedded using laplacian
sharpening method.
We used Laplace filters to determine the effective hiding places, then based on
threshold value we found the places with the highest values acquired from these filters
for embedding the watermark. In this work our aim is increasing the capacity of
information which is to be embedded by using Huffman code and at the same time
increasing the security of the algorithm by hiding data in the places that have highest
values of edges and less noticeable.
The perform

A series of liquid crystals comprising a heterocyclics dihydro pyrrole and 1,2,3-triazole rings [VII]-[X] were synthesized by many steps starting from a reaction of 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]- 4,4'-diamine with chloroacetyl chloride in a mixture of solutions DMF and TEA to synthesise the compounds [I], then the compounds [I] reacted with malononitrile in 1,4-dioxane and TEA solutions to produce compounds [II], then the first step is repeated with compound [II] where it reacted with chloroacetyl chloride in mixture of DMF and TEA to give compound [III], this compound reacted with sodium azide in the presence of sodium chloride and DMF as solvent to produce the compound [IV], which reacted with acrylic acid by a 1.3 dipolar reaction in sol

Starting from 4, - Dimercaptobiphenyl, a variety of phenolic Schiff bases (methylolic, etheric, epoxy) derivatives have been synthesized. All proposed structure were supported by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR Elemental analysis all analysis were performed in center of consultation in Jordan Universty.

Wireless channels are typically much more noisy than wired links and subjected to fading due to multipath  propagation which result in ISI and hence high error rate. Adaptive modulation is a powerful technique to improve the tradeoff between spectral efficiency and Bit Error Rate (BER). In order to adjust the transmission rate, channel state information (CSI) is required at the transmitter side.

In this paper the performance enhancement of using linear prediction along with channel estimation to track the channel variations and adaptive modulation were examined. The simulation results shows that the channel estimation is sufficient for low Doppler frequency shifts (<30 Hz), while channel prediction is much more suited at

This research includes the synthesis, characterization, and investigation of liquid crystalline properties of new rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds 1,4- phenylene bis(2-(5-(four-alkoxybenzylidene)-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3- yl)acetate), prepared thiazolidine-2,4-dione (I) by the thiourea reaction with chloroacetic acid and water in the presence of the concentrated hydrochloric acid. The n-alkoxy benzaldehyde (II)n synthesized from the reacted 4- hydreoxybenzaldehyde and n-alkyl bromide with potassium hydroxide, and then the compound (I) was reacted with (II)n in the presence of piperidine to produce compounds (III)n. Also, hydroquinone was converted into a corresponding compound (IV) by refluxing with two moles of chloracetyl chloride in pyr