This paper was aimed to study the efficiency of forward osmosis (FO) process as a new application for the treatment of wastewater from textile effluent and the factors affecting the performance of forward osmosis process.
The draw solutions used were magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and aluminum sulphate (Al2 ( SO4)3 .18 H2O), and the feed solutions used were reactive red, and disperse blue dyes.
Experimental work were includes operating the forward osmosis process using thin film composite (TFC) membrane as flat sheet for different draw solutions and feed solutions. The operating parameters studied were : draw solutions concentration (10 – 90 g/l), feed solutions concentration (5 – 30 mg/l), draw solutions flow rate (10 – 50 l/hr), feed solutions flow rate (20-60 l/hr), constant pressure and temperature were maintained at 0.5 bar and 30ºC respectively. And includes operating the forward osmosis process using cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane as flat sheet for different draw solutions and feed solutions. The operating parameters studied were : draw solutions concentration (10 – 90 g/l), and feed solutions concentration (5 – 30 mg/l), constant temperature at 30ºC. It was found that water flux increases with increasing draw solution concentration, and feed solution flow rate and decreases with increasing draw solution flow rate and feed solution concentration for TFC and CTA. It was found MgCl2 given water flux larger than Alum. And also found that reactive red given water flux larger than disperse blue.
The experiments also show that CTA membrane gives higher water flux than TFC membrane for forward osmosis operation. The increase in water flux for CTA is about 12.85% than TFC.
Abstract
Lightweight materials is used in the sheet metal hydroforming process, because it can be adapted to the manufacturing of complex structural components into a single body with high structural stiffness. Sheet hydroforming has been successfully developed in industry such as in the manufacturing of the components of automotive.The aim of this study is to simulate the experimental results ( such as the amount of pressure required to hydroforming process, stresses, and strains distribution) with results of finite element analyses (FEA) (ANSYS 11) for aluminum alloy (AA5652) sheets with thickness (1.2mm) before heat treatm
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Metal cutting processes still represent the largest class of manufacturing operations. Turning is the most commonly employed material removal process. This research focuses on analysis of the thermal field of the oblique machining process. Finite element method (FEM) software DEFORM 3D V10.2 was used together with experimental work carried out using infrared image equipment, which include both hardware and software simulations. The thermal experiments are conducted with AA6063-T6, using different tool obliquity, cutting speeds and feed rates. The results show that the temperature relatively decreased when tool obliquity increases at different cutting speeds and feed rates, also it
... Show MoreThe current research creates an overall relative analysis concerning the estimation of Meixner process parameters via the wavelet packet transform. Of noteworthy presentation relevance, it compares the moment method and the wavelet packet estimator for the four parameters of the Meixner process. In this paper, the research focuses on finding the best threshold value using the square root log and modified square root log methods with the wavelet packets in the presence of noise to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the denoising process for the financial asset market signal. In this regard, a simulation study compares the performance of moment estimation and wavelet packets for different sample sizes. The results show that wavelet p
... Show MoreThe aim of the research to measure the correlation relationship between modern manufacturing systems and process design and measure the effect by adopting the regression; the research consists of two main variables, which are modern manufacturing systems and process design; it was applied in the production lines of the General Company for Construction Industries, There is a sample of managers, engineers, technicians, administrators, and some workers were selected to fill the special questionnaire with (70) forms which distributed and (65) were approved suitable for use, For data analysis the correlation coefficient was adopted to measure the relationship and regression analysis to find out the effect, Using (SPSS), So the first h
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The present study aims at identifying the status of the two research variables in the organization under study and specifying the relationship and impact of the authentic leadership with all its four branch dimensions of (self-awareness, transparent relations, balanced processing of information and the moral perspective) on business process reengineering.
The basic problem of the study lies in the attempt to present a new leadership style that is more responsive to the dynamic changes surrounding it based on the authentic leadership behaviors. This is because this pattern has an impact on the nature of the organization's work and its progress.
The research
... Show MoreMany studies have been made and still concerning the field of translation. Since the mid-90's a considerable amount of researches has tackled the problem of gender and its effect on the process and the product of translation. Simon (1996, p 508) points out that when comparing women and men as translators and writers through history, women seem to be the weaker side. This paves the way to feminist movements which produce prominent studies concerning gender as a concept and translator's gender as practice on the quality and the accuracy of the translation.
Flotow (in Meschia, 2012, p 1-4) outlines several issues that can be
... Show MoreThis study investigates the results of electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum (Al) electrodes as anode and stainless steel (grade 316) as a cathode for removing silica, calcium, and magnesium ions from simulated cooling tower blowdown waters. The simulated water contains (50 mg/l silica, 508 mg/l calcium, and 292 mg/l magnesium). The influence of different experimental parameters, such as current density (0.5, 1, and 2 mA/cm2), initial pH(5,7, and 10), the temperature of the simulated solution(250C and 35 0C), and electrolysis time was studied. The highest removal efficiency of 80.183%, 99.21%, and 98.06% for calcium, silica, and magnesium ions, respectively, were obtained at a current de
... Show MoreGas adsorption phenomenon on solid surface has been used as a mean in separation and purification of gas mixture depending on the difference in tendencies of each component in the gas mixture to be adsorbed on the solid surface according to its behaviour. This work concerns to study the possibilities to separate the gas mixture using adsorption-desorption phenomenon on activated carbon. The experimental results exhibit good separation factor at temperature of -40 .
Many water supplies are now contaminated by anthropogenic sources such as domestic and agricultural waste, as well as manufacturing activities, the public's concern about the environmental effects of wastewater contamination has grown. Several traditional wastewater treatment methods, such as chemical coagulation, adsorption, and activated sludge, have been used to eliminate pollution; however, there are several drawbacks, most notably high operating costs, because of its low operating and repair costs, the usage of aerobic waste water treatment as a reductive medium is gaining popularity. Furthermore, it is simple to produce and has a high efficacy and potential to degrade pollu
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