When embankment is constructed on very soft soil, special construction methods are adopted. One of the techniques is a piled embankment. Piled (stone columns) embankments provide an economic and effective solution to the problem of constructing embankments over soft soils. This method can reduce settlements, construction time and cost. Stone columns provide an effective improvement method for soft soils under light structures such as rail or road embankments. The present work investigates the behavior of the embankment models resting on soft soil reinforced with stone columns. Model tests were performed with different spacing distances between stone columns and two lengths to diameter ratios of the stone columns, in addition to different embankment heights. A total number of 21 model tests were carried out on a soil with undrianed shear strength ≈ 10 kPa. The models consist of stone columns embankment at spacing to diameter ratio equal to 2.5, 3 and 4. Three embankment heights; 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 mm were conducted. Three earth pressure cells were used to measure directly the vertical effective stress on column at the top of the middle stone column under the center line of embankment and on the edge stone column for all models while the third cell was placed at the base of embankment between two columns to measure the vertical effective stress in reinforced soft soil directly. The embankment models constructed on soft clay treated with ordinary stone columns at spacing ratio equal 2.5 revealed maximum bearing improvement ratio equals (1.21, 1.44 and 1.7) for 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 embankment heights, respectively and maximum settlement improvement ratio equals (0.78, 0.67 and 0.56) for 200 mm, 250 mm and 300 embankment heights, respectively.
This research aims to analyze the intellectual and civilizational regression that afflicted Iraqi and Arab society due to political and religious tyranny and internal conflicts, which was reflected in the deterioration of human rights values and the absence of equality and justice in dealing with the other religiously, which affected the reluctance of members of religious groups to interact with their national societies and then migrate to Outside, which contributed to a double loss, in terms of the loss of these societies by productive and effective national competencies, and in terms of distorting the image of Islam. The research stressed that the first treatments of this phenomenon are the consolidation of the values of citize
... Show MoreThis research aims to find out the phonemic, dialect and semantic ailments that were interrogated by the book of the parsing of thirty surahs of the Noble Qur’an by Ibn Khalawiyeh, by examining some phonemic phenomena of Qur’anic expressions and their explanatory relationships that resulted in their occurrence, such as substitution and compression, as the sounds in a word are affected by one another, especially during performance and composition. This influence and influence is the tendency of the human being to the law of ease, facilitation, and the reduction of muscular effort in speech often, all for the purpose of obtaining phonemic harmony for the compound letters; To facilitate pronunciation; And get rid of the muscular effort
... Show MoreThe inhibitive action of Reactive Red (RR31) dye against corrosion of carbon steel in 1M acetic acid solution has been studied using gravimetric method at temperature ranged (288-318)K. The antibacterial activity for the different concentrations of RR31 dye against different bacterial species was studied. The experimental data indicates that this dye acts as a potential inhibitor for carbon-steel in acetic acid medium and the protection efficiency increase with increasing (RR31) dye. The adsorption of (RR31) dye on the carbon steel surface was found to follow Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic data for the adsorption process such as Gibbs free energy change ∆Gads, enthalpy change ∆Hads, and entropy change ∆Sads were estima
... Show Morein this work the polymides were prepared as rthemally stable polymers by diffrent ways
This study detects the presence of cholesterol in an Iraqi plant named Suaeda baccata Forsk of the family Chenopodiacae, wildly and widely grown in Iraq. The absence of any publication concerning the sterol content of this Suaeda specie, and the industrial importance of cholesterol depending on its role as a precursor in the synthesis of some hormones, like progesterone, acquired this study its value. The investigations revealed the presence of cholesterol that was proved by TLC together with the standard compound cholesterol, and anisaldehyde spray reagent using three different solvent systems, then authenticated by HPLC, in which the reten
... Show MoreIraqi provinces suffer many of the environmental problems, appear explained these problems in the city of Basra, Basra, the largest province and is among Iraq's provinces in the annexation of oil fields, which is experiencing an oil production operations of large, it suffers from the burning of gas associated with oil extraction resulting in the emission severe gas process including toxic hydrogen sulfide gas (h2S) and oxides of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen in addition to the release of toxic metal elements such as mercury, arsenic, vanadium, which caused the man many serious diseases. , And perhaps one of the most important of these problems are worsening air quality and increasing cases of air pollution and the deterioration of the qual
... Show MoreThe study conducted to investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and eye diseases (Glaucoma, Cataract, CSR and Uveitis). One hundred and four patients with multiple eye disorders (10-80) years were observed from 10/9 to 18/11/2020 and compared to thirty-one healthy people (19 female and 12 male). Both participants were tested for anti-H. pylori IgA, and IgG antibodies using ELISA. There were non –significant differences (P≥0.05) in the concentration of anti-H. pylori IgA Abs in sera of patients with Glaucoma, CSR, and Uveitis compared to the control group, but there was a significant difference (P≤0.05) in the concentration of H. pylori IgA Abs in sera of patients with Cataract compared to the control group and
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