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joe-2208
Kinetics of the Saponification of Mixed Fats Consisting of Olein and Stearin
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This research presents the kinetics of the saponification reaction using mixed fats of olein and stearin [in the ratio (3:1)] with NaOH solution. In this reaction, excess solution of NaOH was used to ensure the reaction being irreversible. Three parameters were varied to show their effects on the reaction rate .They are: percentage excess of NaOH solution (10 % - 100 %) , temperature (100-150)oC , and stirring speed (400-1100) rpm. It was noticed that increasing the percentage excess of NaOH solution enhances the rate of reaction while increasing temperature decreases the reaction rate since it is exothermic reaction.    Increasing stirring speed also improves the reaction rate because it is mass transfer controlled .Calculations of the activation energy and the frequency factor was also performed.

A new mathematical model for calculation of the reaction – rate constant was derived. It is shown that a good approximation was obtained between the experimental and calculated values of the reaction – rate constant k .

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 28 2024
Journal Name
Curr Pharm Des
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Schiff base-mixed Ligand Complexes with Divalent Metal Ions Derived from Amoxicillin and Vanillin/Nicotinamide
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Synthesis and Characterization of some biologically active transition metal complexes for a ligand derived from dimedone with mixed ligands.
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The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of bidentate ligand [3-(3-acetylphenylamino)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-3-enone][HL], from the reaction of dimedone with 3-amino acetophenone to produce the ligand [HL], the reaction was carried out in dry benzene as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [HL] was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H, 13C-NMR spectra, Mass spectra, (C.H.N) and melting point. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared from ligand [HL] was used as a primary ligand while 8-hydroxy quinoline [HQ] was used as a secondary ligand with metal ion M(Π).Where M(Π) = (Mn ,Co ,Ni ,Cu ,Zn ,Cd and Pd) at reflux ,using ethanol as a solvent, KOH as a base. Complexes of the composition [M(L)(Q)] with (1

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Chemistry
Synthesis, Composition, Spectral, Geometryand AntibacterialApplicationsof MnII, NiII, CoII, CuII and HgIIcomplexes of N2O2-mixed donor Schiff Basewith 1,10-phenanthroline
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 29 2022
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis, DFT Calculations, DNA Interaction, and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Mixed Ligand Complexes of Oxalic Acid and Schiff Base Trimethoprim with Various Metal Ions
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Mixed ligand metal complexes are synthesized from oxalic acid with Schiff base, and the Schiff base was obtained from trimethoprim and acetylacetone. The synthesized complexes were of the type [M(L1)(L2)], where the metal, M, is Ni(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), and Zn(II), L1 corresponds to the trimethoprim ((Z)-4-((4-amino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2-yl)imino)pentane-2-one) as the first ligand and L2 represent the oxalate anion ( ) as a second ligand. Characterization of the prepared compounds was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic measurements, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectral studies. The recorded infrared data is reinforced with density functional theory (DFT) calcul

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Indones. J. Ch Em
Synthesis, DFT Calculations, DNA Interaction, and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Mixed Ligand Complexes of Oxalic Acid and Schiff Base Trimethoprim with Various Metal Ions
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Mixed ligand metal complexes are synthesized from oxalic acid with Schiff base, and the Schiff base was obtained from trimethoprim and acetylacetone. The synthesized complexes were of the type [M(L1)(L2)], where the metal, M, is Ni(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), and Zn(II), L1 corresponds to the trimethoprim ((Z)-4-((4-amino-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2-yl)imino)pentane-2-one) as the first ligand and L2 represent the oxalate anion (𝐶􀬶𝑂􀬶 􀬶􀬿) as a second ligand. Characterization of the prepared compounds was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic measurements, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectral studies. The recorded infrared data is reinforced with density functional th

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 11 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Solving Mixed Volterra - Fredholm Integral Equation (MVFIE) by Designing Neural Network
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       In this paper, we focus on designing feed forward neural network (FFNN) for solving Mixed Volterra – Fredholm Integral Equations (MVFIEs) of second kind in 2–dimensions. in our method, we present a multi – layers model consisting of a hidden layer which has five hidden units (neurons) and one linear output unit. Transfer function (Log – sigmoid) and training algorithm (Levenberg – Marquardt) are used as a sigmoid activation of each unit. A comparison between the results of numerical experiment and the analytic solution of some examples has been carried out in order to justify the efficiency and the accuracy of our method.

         

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Heliyon
Synthesis and Characterization of Some Metal Ions Complexes with Mixed Ligand of Azo Dye and Metformin and Evaluation of its Effectiveness on the Growth of Some Pathogenic Bacteria Clinically Isolated and Study of its Toxicity on Normal and Cancerous Hepatocytes
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Heliyon
Synthesis and characterization of some Metal ions complexes with mixed ligand of azo dye and Metformin and evaluation of its effectiveness on the growth of some pathogenic bacteria clinically isolated and study of its Toxicity on normal and cancerous Hepatocytes
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and characterization of some biological active transition metal complexes of Schiff base derived from cefixime with mixed ligand 8-hydroxy quinoline
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The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of bidentate ligand [dipotassium sodium7-((E)-2-(2-((Z)-1-carboxylatoethylideneamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2 (carboxylatemethoxyimino) acet amido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5- thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0] oct-2- ene-2- carboxylate] [Nak2L], from the reaction of cefixime with sodium pyruvet to produce the ligand [Nak2L], the reaction was carried out in methanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [Nak2L] which was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H, 13C-NMR spectra, Mass spectra, (C.H.N) and melting point. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared from ligand [Nak2L] was used as a primary ligand while 8-hydroxy quinoline [Q] was used as a secondary ligand with metal ion M(Π).Where

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and characterization of some biological active transition metal complexes of Schiff base derived from cefixime with mixed ligand 8-hydroxy quinoline
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The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of bidentate ligand [dipotassium sodium7-((E)-2-(2-((Z)-1-carboxylatoethylideneamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2 (carboxylatemethoxyimino) acet amido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5- thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0] oct-2- ene-2- carboxylate] [Nak2L], from the reaction of cefixime with sodium pyruvet to produce the ligand [Nak2L], the reaction was carried out in methanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [Nak2L] which was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H, 13C-NMR spectra, Mass spectra, (C.H.N) and melting point. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared from ligand [Nak2L] was used as a primary ligand while 8-hydroxy quinoline [Q] was used as a secondary ligand with metal ion M(?).Where M(?) =

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