This study focuses on the modeling of manufactured damper when used in steel buildings. The main aim of the manufactured dampers is to protect the steel buildings from the damaging effects that may result due to earthquakes by introducing an extra damping in addition to the traditional damping.
Only Pure Manufactured Dampers, has been considered in this study. Viscous modeling of damping is generally preferred in structural engineering as it leads to a linear model then it has been used during this study to simulate the behavior of the Pure Manufactured Damper.
After definition of structural parameters of a manufactured damper (its stiffness and its damping) it can be used as a structural element that can be added to a mathematica

The pillars of sustainable development are representing the interface between environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Sustainable development is a method of planning and managing construction projects to reduce the effect of the construction process on the environment so that there is a balance between environmental capabilities and the human needs of present and future generations. Usually, Environmental sustainability is most important and effective in construction projects. The environment suffers from significant negative impacts as a result of the implementation of construction projects; therefore, this study aims to identify the effecting factors on environmentally sustainable development. The methodology of this s

The global food supply heavily depends on utilizing fertilizers to meet production goals. The adverse impacts of traditional fertilization practices on the environment have necessitated the exploration of new alternatives in the form of smart fertilizer technologies (SFTs). This review seeks to categorize SFTs, which are slow and controlled-release Fertilizers (SCRFs), nano fertilizers, and biological fertilizers, and describes their operational principles. It examines the environmental implications of conventional fertilizers and outlines the attributes of SFTs that effectively address these concerns. The findings demonstrate a pronounced environmental advantage of SFTs, including enhanced crop yields, minimized nutrient loss, improved nut

The public budget is on the same time an art and a science .As an accountable science it seeks balance between public income and public expenditure for an accountable year. And as an accountable art it seeks to achieve economic balance by distributing equitable income in order to reach sustainable development .This is the optimal use of all natural and human resources to address scarcity of natural resources facing the increase need of human resources by spending on education, health, environment, housing, agriculture and industry to achieve social justice for the current generation and future generations. Since the first budget in Iraq on 1921 an accounting budget, is balancing the sections and items has been adopted and since the publi

The development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the underwater environment leads to underwater WSN (UWSN). It has severe impact over the research field due to its extensive and real-time applications. However effective execution of underwater WSNs undergoes several problems. The main concern in the UWSN is sensor nodes’ energy depletion issue. Energy saving and maintaining quality of service (QoS) becomes highly essential for UWASN because of necessity of QoS application and confined sensor nodes (SNs). To overcome this problem, numerous prevailing methods like adaptive data forwarding techniques, QoS-based congestion control approaches, and various methods have been devised with maximum throughput and minimum network lifesp

The development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the underwater environment leads to underwater WSN (UWSN). It has severe impact over the research field due to its extensive and real-time applications. However effective execution of underwater WSNs undergoes several problems. The main concern in the UWSN is sensor nodes’ energy depletion issue. Energy saving and maintaining quality of service (QoS) becomes highly essential for UWASN because of necessity of QoS application and confined sensor nodes (SNs). To overcome this problem, numerous prevailing methods like adaptive data forwarding techniques, QoS-based congestion control approaches, and various methods have been devised with maximum throughput and minimum network lifesp

The goal of the study is to identify the components of sustainable development—economic, social, and cultural—as recommended by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization and how they apply to the foreign language instruction process at Iraqi universities. The development of sustainable development principles is considered while evaluating the importance of two fundamental components of high-quality education: the learning environment and the curriculum. The research employs a qualitative design and uses an observational instrument with a sample of fifty students at second-year English department/college of education (Ibn-Rushd) at Baghdad University. The survey's findings, which sought to learn how st

This paper describes a research effort that aims of developing solar models for housing suitable for the Arabian region since the Arabian Peninsula is excelled with very high levels of solar radiation.
The current paper is focused on achieving energy efficiency through utilizing solar energy and conserving energy. This task can be accomplished by implementation the major elements related to energy efficiency in housing design , such as embark on an optimum photovoltaic system orientation to maximize seize solar energy and produce solar electricity. All the precautions were taken to minimizing the consumption of solar energy for providing the suitable air-condition to the inhibitor of the solar house in addition to use of energy effici