The information required for construction quantities surveying is not only generated by various participants in different construction phases but also stored in different forms including graphics, text, tables, or various combinations of the three. To report a bill of quantities (BOQ), the project manager has to continuously excerpt information from various resources and record it on papers. Without adequate staff and time, this repetitive and tedious process is difficult for the project manager to handle properly and thus reduces the effectiveness and the accuracy of the quantities surveying process which creates problems during the design, tender, and construction supervision of construction projects for designers and contractors practicing because receipts are based upon actual quantities, such variations have an obvious impact on the contractor’s cash flow, once the actual quantities frequently vary from the estimated quantities listed in the BOQ. Hence, automation quantity surveying system has been developed by using GIS to extract the
data required for the quantity of different components of any construction project from AutoCAD drawings (spatial data), to report a BOQ after querying, manipulation, and analyzing these data. The system has been implemented on the construction project of Al khawarizmy College at Baghdad University in Baghdad. The main results of using this system are automatic generation a bill of quantity (BOQ) directly from design drawing, with overcome to design changing, accurate, fast, and effective method for estimating the quantities, fewer errors in cost estimating, and better documentation for continuously reusing information in all construction phases. The accuracy of GIS quantities had been proved by comparing these quantities with the quantities of site surveying. Then determining the accuracy percentage (A%) of GIS quantities which equals (98.85%), and the regression line that equals 0.999. These values mean; there are big correlation between the estimated quantities by GIS and the quantities of site surveying.
This research theme of the pressures of work , which is one of the important topics in order to recognize the reality of( influencing the pressures of work in the performance of employees in the General Company for Vegetable Oil Industry in Baghdad )through the statement of the existence of the correlation and influence whether or not the statement of the strength of this relationship and its impact in the case of its existence has been provided as part of my Search for variables and their removal in front of the Sub- scientific aspect has been the distribution of the questionnaire on a sample of( 62) people working in the company Mint distributors on several sections where.
Formed resolution of two sets
... Show MoreHigh smoke emissions, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter typically produced by diesel engines. Diminishing the exhausted emissions without doing any significant changes in their mechanical configuration is a challenging subject. Thus, adding hydrogen to the traditional fuel would be the best practical choice to ameliorate diesel engines performance and reduce emissions. The air hydrogen mixer is an essential part of converting the diesel engine to work under dual fuel mode (hydrogen-diesel) without any engine modification. In this study, the Air-hydrogen mixer is developed to get a homogenous mixture for hydrogen with air and a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio according to the speed of the engine. The mixer depends on the balance between th
... Show MoreWe propose two simple, rapid, and convenient spectrophotometric methods which are described for the determination of cephalexin in bulk and its pharmaceutical preparations. They are based on the measurement of the flame atomic emission of potassium ion (in the first method) and colorimetric determination of the green colored solution at 610 nm formed after the reaction of cephalexin with potassium permanganate as an oxidant agent (in the second method) in basic medium. The working conditions of the methods are investigated and optimized. Beer's law plot shows a good correlation in the concentration range of 5-40?g ml-1. The detection limits are 2.573,2.814 ?g ml-1 for the flame emission photometric method and 1.844,2.016 ?g ml-1 for colo
... Show MoreBackground: Although underdeveloped in Iraq, telehealth was one tool used to continue health service provision during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: To assess women’s experiences and satisfaction with gynaecological and obstetric telehealth services in Iraq during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Free telehealth services were provided by 4 obstetrician-gynaecologists associated with private clinics in 2020–2021. All patients who accessed the services between June 2020 and February 2021 were invited to complete a postconsultation survey on their experience and satisfaction with services. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 151 (30.2%) women re
... Show MoreThe present work aims to study the removal of dyes from wastewater by reverse osmosis process. Two dyes were used direct blue 6, and direct yellow. Experiments were performed with feed concentration (75 – 450 ppm), operation temperature (30 – 50 oC) and time (0.2 – 2.0 hr). The membrane used is thin film composite membrane (TFC). It was found that modal permeate concentration decreases with increasing feed concentration and time operating, while permeate concentration increases with increasing feed temperature. Also it was found that product rate increase with increasing temperature, but it decrease with increasing feed concentration and time. The concentration of reject solution showed an increase with increasing feed concentratio
... Show MoreThe ground state charge, neutron, proton and matter densities, the associated nuclear radii and the binding energy per nucleon of 8B, 17Ne, 23Al and 27P halo nuclei have been investigated using the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) model with the new SKxs25 parameters. According to the calculated results, it is found that the SHF model with these Skyrme parameters provides a good description on the nuclear structure of above proton-rich halo nuclei. The elastic charge form factors of 8B and 17Ne halo nuclei and those of their stable isotopes 10B and 20Ne are calculated using plane-wave Born approximation with the charge density distributions obtained by SHF model to investigate the effect of the extended charge distributions of proton-rich nucl
... Show MoreRock engineers widely use the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) of rocks in designing
surface and underground structures. The procedure for measuring this rock strength has been
standardized by both the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) and American Society
for Testing and Materials (ASTM), Akram and Bakar(2007).
In this paper, an experimental study was performed to correlate of Point Load Index ( Is(50))
and Pulse Wave Velocity (Vp) to the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of Rocks. The effect
of several parameters was studied. Point load test, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and
Pulse Wave Velocity (Vp) were used for testing several rock samples with different diameters.
The predicted e