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Improving the Direction of Arrival Estimation Using the Parasitic Subspace Generated by Active-Parasitic Antenna (APA) Arrays
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The improvement in Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation when the received signals impinge on Active-Parasitic Antenna (APA) arrays will be studied in this work. An APA array consists of several active antennas; others are parasitic antennas. The responses to the received signals are measured at the loaded terminals of the active element. The terminals of the parasitic element are shorted. The effect of the received signals on the parasites, i.e., the induced short-circuit current, is mutually coupled to the active elements. Eigen decomposition of the covariance matrix of the measurements of the APA array generates a third subspace in addition to the traditional signal and noise subspaces generated by the all-active antenna receiving array. This additional subspace, the parasitic subspace, is accompanied by very small eigenvalues (approaching zero). Hence, a complete orthogonality between this subspace and the column space of the steering matrix of the array can be obtained. As a result, better resolution in estimating the DOA can be achieved. Several simulations in conjunction with the MUSIC algorithm, which have been conducted in this work, depict that the APA array outperforms the all-active antenna array as a direction finder, regardless of the size of the array, the number of active elements, or the number of measurement snapshots. Furthermore, super-resolution DOA estimation can be achieved when a subset of the parasitic subspace is used as if the measurement were noiseless. Also, the APA array contributes to very small RMSE values over a wide range of S/N of the received signals.

 

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 26 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ESTIMATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF WASTES PRESSED GRAPES A STUDY THE EFFECT OF THERMAL EXTRACTS TRANSACTIONS IN INHIBITING THE GROWT OF MICROORGANISMS.: ESTIMATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF WASTES PRESSED GRAPES A STUDY THE EFFECT OF THERMAL EXTRACTS TRANSACTIONS IN INHIBITING THE GROWT OF MICROORGANISMS.
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The chemical composition of wastes of pressed grapes and found that the main components of wastes of pressed grapes, represented by the percentage of moisture was 6.47%, and the proportions are 3.71%. Either carbohydrates amounted to 85.77 %, either in fat models using petroleum ether Petroleum ether) was the increase of 0.27%. estimated the percentage of ash in the sampls was 3.78%, either fiber reached 69.47 %,, in addition to the test extracts towards the growth of seven types of bacteria, which included Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Escherishia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas fluorescens and yeast Candida albicans and Kluyveromyces marxianus, ( diffusion method ).

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
Modern Sport
The effect of Core exercises in improving the strength and flexibility of the spine for injured women with herniated discs in the vertebrae (L4, L5)
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يعد العلاج الحركي من الوسائل العلاجية التأهيلية من الوسائل المهمة الامنة  لأنها تؤمن على حياة الانسان بكافة شؤونه وتعد التمرينات التأهيلية اسلوبا فعالاً وطبيعياً لا تعرض المريض الى مضاعفات على وظائف الجسم الاخرى لأنها خالية من اي دواء كيمياوي ضار ، كما استخدمت تقنيات حديثة في العلاج الطبيعي بشكل واسع معد حسب اسس علمية منها تمرينات (Core)  التي تساعد في تخفيف الالام بالانزلاق الغضروفي للفقرة الرابعة والخا

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison of repetitive estimation methodsSelf-data
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In this study, we review the ARIMA (p, d, q), the EWMA and the DLM (dynamic linear moodelling) procedures in brief in order to accomdate the ac(autocorrelation)  structure of data .We consider the recursive estimation and prediction algorithms based on Bayes and KF (Kalman filtering) techniques for correlated observations.We investigate the effect on the MSE of  these procedures and compare them using generated data.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of Internal Audit Standards IIA`s in improving the local guideline and its reflection on the efficiency of internal audit performance
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The function of internal auditing has become an important function that aims at achieving objectives that are compatible with these developments and changes that have occurred in many countries in the world, which required the emergence of professional associations and institutes in the profession of internal auditing. Improve the guideline of the internal audit units issued by the Federal Audit Bureau to enhance the efficiency of internal audit performance in Iraqi government units. The researchers adopted the statistical method of proving the hypothesis by constructing a questionnaire that included three main axes: supporting the senior management in adopting the current guide, and the second being the importance of improving t

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 17 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
10.28936 STUDY OF THE KINETIC AND ADSORPTION ISOTHERM PARAMETERS FOR REMOVING COPPER AND IRON IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY USING AGRICALTURAL BY-PRODUCTS.: STUDY OF THE KINETIC AND ADSORPTION ISOTHERM PARAMETERS FOR REMOVING COPPER AND IRON IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY USING AGRICALTURAL BY-PRODUCTS.
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Wheat straw was modified with malonic acid in order to get low cost adsorbent have a good ability to remove copper and ferric ions from aqueous solutions, chemical modification temperature was 120°C and the time was 12 h. Parameters that affect the adsorption experiments were studied and found the optimum pH were 6 and 5 for copper and iron respectively and the time interval was 120 min and the adsorbent mass was 0.1 g. The values for adsorption isotherms parameters were determined according to Langmuir [qmax were 54.64 and 61.7 mg/g while b values were 0.234 and 0.22 mg/l] , Freundlich [Kf were 16.07 and 18.89 mg/g and n were 2.77 and 3.16], Temkin [B were 0.063 and 0.074 j/mol and At were 0.143 and 1.658 l/g] and for Dubinin-Radushkev

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
An Instructional Design According to the Active Learning Model and Its Effect on Students' Achievement in Chemistry for Fifth Intermediate Stage
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The objective of the research is to identify the effect of an instructional design according to the active learning modelsالباحثين in the achievement of the students of the fifth grade, the instructional design was constructed according to the active learning models for the design of education. The research experience was applied for a full academic year (the first & the second term of 2017-2018). The sample consisted of 58 students, 28 students for the experimental group and 30 students for the control group. The experimental design was adopted with partial and post-test, the final achievement test consisted of (50) objectives and essays items on two terms, the validity of the test was verified by the adoption of the Kudoric

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Technologies And Materials For Renewable Energy, Environment And Sustainability: Tmrees22fr
Investigate the structural properties of Tl1-xHgxSr2Ca2Cu3O8+δ compound by using Scherrer modified equation
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2013
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
The Construction of (k, 3)-Arcs in PG (2, 9) by Using Geometrical Method
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In this work, we construct projectively distinct (k,3)-arcs in the projective plane PG(2,9) by applying a geometrical method. The cubic curves have been been constructed by using the general equation of the cubic. We found that there are complete (13,3)-arcs, complete (15,3)-arcs and we found that the only (16,3)-arcs lead to maximum completeness

Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Simulation the Radiation Zone of Al-Mussaib Power Plant by Using Monte Carlo Method
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The temperature distributions are to be evaluated for the furnace of Al-Mussaib power plant. Monte Carlo simulation procedure is used to evaluate the radiation heat transfer inside the furnace, where the radiative transfer is the most important process occurring there. Weighted sum of gray-gases model is used to evaluate the radiative properties of the non gray gas in the enclosure. The energy balance equations are applied for each gas, and surface zones, and by solving these equations, both the temperature, and the heat flux are found.

   Good degree of accuracy has been obtained, when comparing the results obtained by the simulation with the data of the designing company, and the data obtained by the zonal method. In

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Advanced Research In Dynamical And Control Systems
The impact of node density over routing protocols in manet by using NS-3
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