An experimental investigation of natural convection heat transfer from an isothermal horizontal,vertical and inclined heated square flat plates with and without circular hole, were carried out in two cases, perforated plates without an impermeable adiabatic hole "open core" and perforated plates with an impermeable adiabatic hole "closed core" by adiabatic plug. The experiments covered the laminar region with a range of Rayleih number of (1.11x106 ≤RaLo≤4.39x106 ), at Prandtle number (Pr=0.7). Practical experiments have been done with variable inclination angles from horizon (Ф=0o ,45o,90o,135oand 180o),facing upward (0o≤Ф<90o), and downward (90o
≤Ф<180o). The results showed that the temperature gradient increases while the thermal boundary layer thickness decreases when Grashof number and perforation ratio (m) increase . The temperature gradient for inclined position facing upward is less than facing downward,while the thermal boundary layer thickness is greater. The temperature gradient decreases while the thermal boundary layer thickness increases for perforated plates with an adiabatic core as compared with perforated plates without an adiabatic core. The value of average Nusselt number increases with increasing perforation ratio, and Grashof number for all specimens with and without an adiabatic core, also increases by increase in inclination of plates approaching the higher value at vertical position (Ф=90o
), then decreases with increasing inclination of plates till horizontal position (Ф=180o). The average Nusselt number values for perforated plates with an adiabatic core are lower than for perforated plates without an adiabatic core for all perforation ratios. Maximum heat transfer rate occurs at perforated plate with perforation ratio of (m=0.1) without adiabatic core for vertical position (Ф=90o), at a range of Grashof number (1.576x106≤GrLo≤6.292x106 ), while the rate of heat transfer decreases with increasing perforation ratio for plates with and without adiabatic core for decrease in heat transfer rate area. The rate of heat transfer for
perforated plates with circular hole is more than for perforated plates with square hole at the same perforation ratios (m=0.1,0.16,0.24 and 0.36). It found that the lack of core flow decreases the overall heat transfer rate by (6.477%) . There was a good agreement for the experimental present work results compared with other pervious results .
Co-crystals are new solid forms of drugs that could resolve more than one problem associated with drugs formulations like solubility, stability, bioavailability, mechanical and tableting properties. A preliminary theoretical study for estimating the possible bonding between the co-crystal components (paracetamol and naproxen) was performed using the ChemOffice program. The results revealed a high possibility for bonding between paracetamol and naproxen and indicated the ability of molecular mechanics study to predict the co-crystal design.
In this work, four different methods were used for the preparation of three different ratios 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 of paracetamol:naproxen co-crystals. The four
... Show MoreThe ground charge density distributions (CDD), elastic charge form factors and proton, charge, neutron, and matter root mean square (rms) radii for stable 40Ca and 48Ca have been calculated using single-particle radial wave functions of Woods-Saxon (WS) and harmonic-oscillator (HO) potentials. Different central potential depths are used for each subshell which is adjusted so as to reproduce the experimental single-nucleon binding energies. An excellent agreement between the calculated rms charge radii and experimental data are found for both nuclei using WS and HO potentials. The calculated proton rms radii for 40Ca are found to be in good agreement with experiment data using both WS and HO potentials while the results for 48Ca showed an ov
... Show MoreA new ligand N-(methylcarbamothioyl) acetamide (AMP) was synthesized by reaction of acetyl chloride with adenine. The ligand was characterized by FT-IR, NMR spectra and the elemental analysis. The transition metal complexes of this ligand where synthesize and characterized by UV-Visible spectra, FT-IR, magnetic suscepility, conductively measurement. The general formula [M(AMP)2Cl2], where M+2 = (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg).
في البحث الحالي تم تحضير ودراسة النشاط الحيوي لسلسلة من البوليمرات الجديدة المحورة من الكيتوسان مع مركبات تحتوي على مجموعة الآزو. في البداية تم تحضير ملح الديازونيوم من تفاعل 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine مع حامض الهيدروكلوريك المركز ونتريت الصوديوم .ثم تفاعل الازدواج بين ملح الديازونيوم مع الديهايدات اروماتية معوضة لإنتاج مشتقات الازو (1-6). ازو شف بيس كيتوسان((12-7 والتي حضرت من تفاعل الكيتوسان مع مشتقات
... Show MoreThe goal of the research is to find the optimization in the test of the appropriate cross-over design for the experiment that the researcher is carrying out (under assumption that there are carry-over effects of the treatments) to posterior periods after the application period (which is often assumed to be the first period). The comparison between the double cross-over design and the cross-over design with extra period. The similarities and differences between the two designs were studied by measuring the Relative Efficiency (RE) of the experiment.
In the present research synthesis and study of biological activity a series of new polymers modified of chitosan with compounds containing azo group. Beginning diazonium salt produced from 3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine reacted with concentrated HCl acid and sodium nitrite. The coupling reaction between diazonium salt with substituted aromatic aldehyde to produce Azo derivatives )1-6(. Azo Schiff bases Chitosan )7-12( were synthesized by condensation of Chitosan with Azo derivatives )1-6( in ethanol with some drops of glacial acetic acid. The structural modifications of Chitosan ring (linked to a bioactive azo moiety) were expected to give new derivatives )7-12( with a diverse range of biological functions. These compounds' st
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The current research aims to identify: 1) the challenges facing blended education from the point of view of teachers of students with disabilities. 2) The challenges facing blended education from the point of view of teachers of students with disabilities according to the gender variable (males-females). 3) The challenges facing blended education from the point of view of teachers of students with disabilities, according to the academic qualifications of graduates
(institute-bachelors-masters). 4) The challenges facing blended education from the point of view of male and female teachers, according to the functional service period with students with disabilities (less than 8 years - from 9 to 15 years - 16 years and above). 5) the
... Show MoreBackground: Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is a subclass of Immunoglobulin A (IgA), It is an antibody that plays an important role in mucosal immunity. It is the main immunoglobulin found in mucous secretions from mammary glands, tear glands and salivary glands, every pathologic process in the body involves the immune system, and periodontal inflammation is one of them and is not an exception. Material and methods: this study was consisted of 60 healthy male participants of an age ranged between (35-50) years old ; 25 of them with generalized moderate chronic periodontists(Clinical Attachment Loss equal to 3-4mm at ≥ 30% of the sites; 20 participants with plaque induced gingivitis and 15 participants had clinically healthy pe
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