Finding the shortest route in wireless mesh networks is an important aspect. Many techniques are used to solve this problem like dynamic programming, evolutionary algorithms, weighted-sum techniques, and others. In this paper, we use dynamic programming techniques to find the shortest path in wireless mesh networks due to their generality, reduction of complexity and facilitation of numerical computation, simplicity in incorporating constraints, and their onformity to the stochastic nature of some problems. The routing problem is a multi-objective optimization problem with some constraints such as path capacity and end-to-end delay. Single-constraint routing problems and solutions using Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, and Floyd-Warshall algorithms are proposed in this work with a discussion on the difference between them. These algorithms find the shortest route through finding the optimal rate between two nodes in the wireless networks but with bounded end-to-end delay. The Dijkstra-based algorithm is especially favorable in terms of processing time. We also present a comparison between our proposed single-constraint Dijkstra-based routing algorithm and the mesh routing algorithm (MRA) existing in the literature to clarify the merits of the former.
The approach of the research is to simulate residual chlorine decay through potable water distribution networks of Gukookcity. EPANET software was used for estimating and predicting chlorine concentration at different water network points . Data requiredas program inputs (pipe properties) were taken from the Baghdad Municipality, factors that affect residual chlorine concentrationincluding (pH ,Temperature, pressure ,flow rate) were measured .Twenty five samples were tested from November 2016 to July 2017.The residual chlorine values varied between ( 0.2-2mg/L) , and pH values varied between (7.6 -8.2) and the pressure was very weak inthis region. Statistical analyses were used to evaluated errors. The calculated concentrations by the calib
... Show MoreIn this paper, time spent and the repetition of using the Social Network Sites (SNS) in Android applications are investigated. In this approach, we seek to raise the awareness and limit, but not eliminate the repeated uses of SNS, by introducing AndroidTrack. This AndroidTrack is an android application that was designed to monitor and apply valid experimental studies in order to improve the impacts of social media on Iraqi users. Data generated from the app were aggregated and updated periodically at Google Firebase Real-time Database. The statistical factor analysis (FA) was presented as a result of the user’s interactions.
Background: one of the complications of rigid bronchoscope is the cardiovascular responses that may carry a dangerous drawback during and after the procedure. Prevention and control of these events will be crucial, especially for the old and cardiovascular debilitated patients.
Objective: The study aims to control and attenuate the unwanted hemodynamic responses to the rigid bronchoscpe using intravenous lidocaim and GTN.
Method: a study was performed on three groups of patients undergone a diagnostic procedure of bronchoscope. Each group consists of 20 patients at the same age and relatively similar pathology. The three groups (group one, two and three) received lidocaine, glyceryltrinitrate and no drug re
Original Research Paper Mathematics 1-Introduction : In the light of the progress and rapid development of the applications of research in applications fields, the need to rely on scientific tools and cleaner for data processing has become a prominent role in the resolution of decisions in industrial and service institutions according to the real need of these methods to make them scientific methods to solve the problem Making decisions for the purpose of making the departments succeed in performing their planning and executive tasks. Therefore, we found it necessary to know the transport model in general and to use statistical methods to reach the optimal solution with the lowest possible costs in particular. And you know The Transportatio
... Show MoreData mining is a data analysis process using software to find certain patterns or rules in a large amount of data, which is expected to provide knowledge to support decisions. However, missing value in data mining often leads to a loss of information. The purpose of this study is to improve the performance of data classification with missing values, precisely and accurately. The test method is carried out using the Car Evaluation dataset from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. RStudio and RapidMiner tools were used for testing the algorithm. This study will result in a data analysis of the tested parameters to measure the performance of the algorithm. Using test variations: performance at C5.0, C4.5, and k-NN at 0% missi
... Show MoreThe aim of this paper is to design fast neural networks to approximate periodic functions, that is, design a fully connected networks contains links between all nodes in adjacent layers which can speed up the approximation times, reduce approximation failures, and increase possibility of obtaining the globally optimal approximation. We training suggested network by Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm then speeding suggested networks by choosing most activation function (transfer function) which having a very fast convergence rate for reasonable size networks. In all algorithms, the gradient of the performance function (energy function) is used to determine how to
... Show MoreAn experimental study was performed to estimate the forced convection heat transfer performance and the pressure drop of a single layer graphene (GNPs) based DI-water nanofluid in a circular tube under a laminar flow and a uniform heat flux boundary conditions. The viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid at weight concentrations of (0.1 to 1 wt%) were measured. The effects of the velocity of flow, heat flux and nanoparticle weight concentrations on the enhancement of the heat transfer are examined. The Nusselt number of the GNPs nanofluid was enhanced as the heat flux and the velocity of flow rate increased, and the maximum Nusselt number ratio (Nu nanofluid/ Nu base fluid) and thermal performance factor
... Show MoreIn this paper we present a new method for solving fully fuzzy multi-objective linear programming problems and find the fuzzy optimal solution of it. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the method.