In engineering, the ground in seismically active places may be subjected to static and seismic stresses. To avoid bearing capacity collapse, increasing the system's dynamic rigidity, and/or reducing dynamic fluctuations, it may be required to employ deep foundations instead of shallow ones. The axial aptitude and pipe pile distribution of load under static conditions have been well reported, but more study is needed to understand the dynamic axial response. Therefore, this research discusses the outputs of the 3D finite element models on the soil-pile behavior under different acceleration intensities and soil states by using MIDAS GTS NX. The pipe pile was represented as a simple elastic, and a modified Mohr-Coulomb model was used to describe the surrounding soil layers. When low acceleration was introduced in the early stages, positive frictional resistance (i.e., in dry soil, the FR was about 1.61, 1.98, and 0.9 Mpa under Kobe, Halabja, and Ali Algharbi earthquakes, respectively) was recorded. However, as the acceleration increased (from PGA = 0.1 g and 0.102 g to PGA = 0.82 g), the resistance reduced and eventually turned negative. In this study, both internal and exterior frictional resistance were measured. It was found that the soil state and acceleration intensity both have a noticeable effect on the failure process, i.e., the maximum plug soil resistance decreased by about 55% by changing the soil condition from a dry to a saturated state under the recorded data of the Kobe earthquake. A rough estimation of the long-term settlements at the shaken soil surface is meant to be included in the results of this research.
Make a search on the vegetative parts of the plant local horse guilt of some elements in the Haj Omran area in northern Iraq has included recognition of certain nutrients
An investigation was conducted for dewaxing of lubricating oil fraction by urea to reduce the pour point.In this study mixture of 45 % methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and 55 % toluene was used as a solvent. The studied variables are mixing time (10-70 min), solvent to oil volume ratio (0.5:1- 2:1), urea to wax weight ratio (2- 6) and constant mixing speed 1500 rpm. By analysis of the experimental results, the best operating conditions achieved are mixing time 40 min, solvent/oil 2:1 volume ratio, and urea/wax 4:1 weight ratio. At these conditions the pour point of the lubricating oil decreases from 24 ° C to -13 °C.
The aim of this work was to capture solar radiation and convert it into solar thermal energy by using a storage material and the heat transfer fluid like oil and water and comparison between them, we used the evacuated tube as a receiver for solar radiation, The results showed that the oil better than water as storage material and the heat transfer fluid and the effective thermal conductivity material and good for power level, rates and durations of charge and discharge cycles.
In this study, new derivatives of Schiff bases of 2-thio-5-aryl1,3,4-oxadiazole have been synthesized. The structures of these derivatives were characterized from their melting points, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The Schiff bases derivatives were tested for inhibition of E-coli and were all found to be active.
The Mesopotamian artist conversed the functions of idols with multi-formation, varied pictured and structural significances sign momentum. Each phenomenon had an idol and each event had an idol. So multiplicity contributes in the enrichment of the Mesopotamian thought by the full and comprehensive familiarity of the characterization of the religious space which reached up to realize the start point of creation and formation and specify the concept of unification in such a way that considered as pagan multiplicity and Atheism according to what brought by most of the previous studies.Such a research as ( The Sign Reading of the Structure of Unification in the Civilization of Mesopotamia) aims to clarify this confusion through decoding the
... Show MoreCriticism is inherently impolite and a face-threatening act generally leading to conflicts among interlocutors. It is equally challenging for both native and non-native speakers, and needs pre-planning before performing it. The current research examines the production of non-institutional criticism by Iraqi EFL university learners and American native speakers. More specifically, it explores to what extent Iraqi EFL learners and American native speakers vary in (i) performing criticism, (ii) mitigating criticism, and (iii) their pragmatic choices according to the contextual variables of power and distance. To collect data, a discourse-completion task was used to elicit written data from 20 Iraqi EFL learners and 20 American native speaker
... Show MoreBackground: Directly observed therapy-short course (DOTS) had been adopted by World Health Organization (WHO) as hopeful strategy for treatment of tuberculosis (TB) since early nineties. Iraqi health authorities started DOTS implementation since 2001 in Baghdad. Coverage expanded gradually till 100% in 2004. War and unstable security condition hit Iraq since March 2003. Objective: The objective of this study was To evaluate the DOTS implementation program in Baghdad in different periods including 2 unstable periods for proper assessment of war and instability on treatment of TB. Patients and methods: This study had been conducted in Baghdad during four different periods (before and during 2003 war, after war; without and with DOTS). Dire
... Show MoreThis study presents determination of the paleostress magnitudes and orientation of Bekhme Structure in Shaqlawa area northeastern Iraq. Paleostress Analysis of slip-fault measurements is performed using Right dihedral, Lisle diagram and Mohr Circles methods. Depending on Mohr Circles, Bott law and vertical thickness, the magnitudes of the paleostress at the time of the tectonic activity were determined. Firstly, Georient Software was used to estimate the orientation of the paleostresses (σ1, σ2 and σ3). Secondly, using the rupture –friction law, taking into account depth of the overburden and the vertical stress (σv) was calculated to determine the magnitude of the paleostresses (σ1=4500 bars, σ2=1
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