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Controlling the Unbalanced Voltages of a Series-Connected Lead-Acid Batteries in a PV Power Storage System using Dynamic Capacitor Technique

Lead-acid batteries have been used increasingly in recent years in solar power systems, especially in homes and small businesses, due to their cheapness and advanced development in manufacturing them. However, these batteries have low voltages and low capacities, to increase voltage and capacities, they need to be connected in series and parallel. Whether they are connected in series or parallel, their voltages and capacities must be equal otherwise the quality of service will be degraded. The fact that these different voltages are inherent in their manufacturing, but these unbalanced voltages can be controlled. Using a switched capacitor is a method that was used in many methods for balancing voltages, but their responses are slow. To increase the response and control of the balancing process, this research proposes a novel technique that consists of a dynamic capacitor for controlling the unbalanced voltages of series-connected lead-acid batteries. The proposed technique uses a main capacitor and an inductor with two switches their on/off states are controlled through a pulse width modulation. The technique is designed and validated using MATLAB/Simulink and the results for different cases are compared with other techniques such as switched capacitor technique. Results show that the proposed method promised the balancing control in a shorter time and better performance than other techniques which are crucial in the battery’s voltage balancing.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 30 2007
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Perinatal out come of Breech Presentation in the Presentation in the Pretext Mode of Delivery

Objectives: To choose the best mode of delivery
for term, frank or complete, breech presentation
through studying the perinatal outcome of each mode of
delivery decided when managing a group of pregnant
ladies presented with breech delivery in our centre.
Methods: One hundred and fifty pregnant ladies
presented at term with singleton, frank or complete,
breech presentation for delivery in our centre during the
period from May 2004 toAugust 2005.
Mode of delivery, parity, gestational age, maternal age,
maternal medical illness, and birth weight where the
variables that have been tested in each delivery
included in the study to verify their relationship to
perinatal outcome.
Results: No significant

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 13 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Modal Component in Meaningful Structure of the Utterance with the Semantics of “Disappearance” in Russian

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of modal framework of the utterance with the semantics of “disappearance” in modern Russian language. The empirical basis of the study was the works of Russian writers, such as M.A. Bulgakov, F.M. Dostoevsky, A.I. Kuprin., L.M. Leonov, B.L. Pasternak, K.G. Paustovsky, L.N. Tolstoy, I.S. Turgenev and others. The author focuses special attention on the role of the modal component in the formation of the sentences and its modal semantics. A lot attention is paid to the analysis of the reasons of productivity / low productivity in the functioning of the temporal forms of the verbs that form these utterances. The nature of the material of study determined the choice of

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of strategic approach in the effectiveness of small and medium Enterprises in Iraq

The purpose of this research highlight the achievement of the effectiveness of small and medium enterprises dimensions and conformable to analyze the relationship between business strategies and human resources management strategies , and launched search of a dilemma thought provoking fundamental questions revolve around the search is the lack of appropriate strategies in these enterprises to help them continuity and permanence in business and markets , as these enterprises lack the human resources management strategies appropriate , as well as business strategies that make them withstand the changes in the market environment is changing and volatile . It was to

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The frequency of IgM-anti HAV in the sera of patients with hepatitis in Iraq

Three hundred and fifty five patients with hepatitis were investigated in this study all cases gave negative result with HBs Ag , IgM-anti HCV , IgM-anti HEV, IgM-anti HDV and anti-HIV tests . The frequency of IgM-anti HAV was 113 and the percentage was 32 % in all ages but when these patients divided into five groups dependent on ages. The highest percentage of IgM-anti HAV was (45%) in age <10 and the percentage declined with age increase till to 9% in age >41 year.

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 07 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The role of constitutional judiciary in the protection of academic freedom in Iraq: Comparative study

Academic freedom is a human right, and if human rights are general rights, academic freedom is a special freedom for members of the academic community. Despite the modernity of the term "academic freedom", its content was not the result of the contemporary state of scientific academic bodies, That the development of the importance of this term coincided with the development of the exercise of public freedoms, and increased interest in and protection, so the number and expanded images of academic freedom, and was a manifestation of interest in this freedom to try to determine the content or what it is and pictures, The first of these guarantees is the supervision of the constitutionality of the laws, which are carried out through judicial

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of industry specialization of audit companies in detecting fraud in the financial statement

Abstract:

The aim of the research is to demonstrate the impact of the professional specialization of the audit companies in the detection of fraud in the financial statements of the economic units listed in the Iraqi market for securities for the period 2014-2015 through the application of the model (Carcello) to test the hypothesis of research on the impact of professional specialization of audit companies in the detection of fraud in lists The effect of the variables was revealed through the use of statistical models of logistic regression model and correlation coefficient. After testing the hypotheses of the research, a number of conclusions were reached. The most important was the existence of a signi

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Green Synthesis Zinc Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Heavy Metals in the form of Complexes

Myrtle plant was washed, dried, and powdered after harvesting to produce a fine powder that was used in water treatment. created an alcoholic extract from the myrtle plant using ethanol, which was then analyzed using GC-Mass, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy to identify the active components. Zinc nanoparticles were created using alcoholic extract. We used FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM, EDX, and TEM to characterize zinc nanoparticles. Using a continuous processing procedure, zinc nanoparticles with myrtle extract and powder were employed to clean polluted water containing heavy metals.

Firstly used 2g with 20ml polluted water and the result was ( Fe 96.20%, Cr 84%, Pb 100%, Sb 93.70, Cd 100%, andCu

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Res Militaris
The Effect of Internal Control in Supporting the Implementation of Cost Techniques in Iraqi Companies

In the last few years, there have been a lot of changes in the economy, society, and the environment. This has led to much competition between companies, directly and indirectly affecting production and marketing processes. Most companies are trying to cut production and manufacturing costs by using modern cost techniques such as product life cycle costing and Continuous Improvement (Kaizen) technology, in the method of measuring production costs or service costs, and the need for internal control to keep an eye on how these technologies are being used and how well they work. And to find out the effect of internal control on the implementation of costing techniques in Iraqi companies, 64 questionnaires were given to people who work in the i

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Scopus
Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Annals Of Tropical Medicine And Public Health
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Use of the Artificial Damped Outrigger Systems in Tall R.C Buildings Under Seismic Loading

This paper studies the combination of fluid viscous dampers in the outrigger system to add supplementary damping into the structure, which purpose to remove the dependability of the structure to lower variable intrinsic damping. This optimizes the accuracy of the dynamic response and by providing higher level of damping, basically minimizes the wanted stiffness of the structure while at the same time optimizing the achievement.

     The modal considered is a 36 storey square high rise reinforced concrete building. By constructing a discrete lumped mass model and using frequency-based response function, two systems of dampers, parallel and series systems are studied. The maximu

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