This paper discusses using H2 and H∞ robust control approaches for designing control systems. These approaches are applied to elementary control system designs, and their respective implementation and pros and cons are introduced. The H∞ control synthesis mainly enforces closed-loop stability, covering some physical constraints and limitations. While noise rejection and disturbance attenuation are more naturally expressed in performance optimization, which can represent the H2 control synthesis problem. The paper also applies these two methodologies to multi-plant systems to study the stability and performance of the designed controllers. Simulation results show that the H2 controller tracks a desirable closed-loop performance, while the H∞ controller guarantees robust stability for the closed-loop system. The validation of the techniques is demonstrated through the robust and performance gamma index, where the H∞ controller achieved a robust gamma index of 0.8591, indicating good robustness and the H2 controller achieved a performance gamma index of 2.1972, indicating a desirable performance. The robust control toolbox of MATLAB is used for simulation purposes. Overall, the paper shows that selecting a suitable, robust control strategy is crucial for designing effective control systems, and the H2 and H∞ robust control approaches are viable options for achieving this goal.
The present study examines the extraction of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) from a contaminated soil by washing process. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2EDTA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution were used as extractants. Soil washing is one of the most suitable in-situ/ ex-situ remediation method in removing heavy metals. Soil was artificially contaminated with 500 mg/kg (Pb , Cd and Ni ). A set of batch experiments were carried out at different conditions of extractant concentration , contact time, pH and agitation speed. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiencies of (Cd, Pb and Ni ) were (97, 88 and 24 )&nbs
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The research aims to study the problem of high production costs and low quality and the use of total quality management tools to detect problems of the high cost of failure and low quality products, diagnosis, and developing appropriate solutions.
To achieve the goal, we studied the overall quality tools and its relationship with the costs and the possibility of improving quality through the use of these tools.
Was limited to these tools and study the relation to the reduction of costs and improving quality have been studied serially by the possibility of the reduction.
To achieve the goal, the study of the concept of total quality management
In this paper, we will focus to one of the recent applications of PU-algebras in the coding theory, namely the construction of codes by soft sets PU-valued functions. First, we shall introduce the notion of soft sets PU-valued functions on PU-algebra and investigate some of its related properties.Moreover, the codes generated by a soft sets PU-valued function are constructed and several examples are given. Furthermore, example with graphs of binary block code constructed from a soft sets PU-valued function is constructed.
Modern critical theories revealed polemical views about the reality of the existence of communication - as a necessity for building a deliberative discourse - in the theater or not. To the theory of communication with all the conditions it imposes on thinking, interaction, and emancipation of selves in different contexts.
Therefore, the current research included four chapters, the first chapter dealt with the research problem, which was represented in (the philosophy of sensory and physical communication in theatrical performance), and the first chapter included the importance of the research, its goal and its limits, and ended with defining the terminology, and the second chapter included (theoretical framework) the first topic (ph
Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tissues supporting the teeth. Salivary compositions have been most intensely studied as a potential marker for periodontal disease. In this study, analysis of saliva provides a simple and non-invasive method of evaluating the role of salivary IgA (s-IgA) levels in periodontal disease by detecting the level of (s-IgA) in patients with chronic periodontitis smokers and non smokers patients and correlate the mean (s-IgA) levels with clinical periodontal parameters Plaque index (PLI) gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Materials and Methods: The study samples consists of (15) patients with chronic periodontitis who were non smokers (
... Show MoreThis study was aimed to one of the most prevalent causes for endodontic treatment failure is the presence of Enterococcus faecalis bacterium within teeth root canals. To achieve successful treatment, it is so important to study E. faecalis behavior. The aim of study was to investigate biofilm production and antibiotic sensitivity of E. faecalis isolated from root canals. Results showed isolation of E. feacalis (65%) of samples, identified by specific gene by PCR technique. Most isolates were sensitive to Imipenem and resistant to Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Tetracycline and Trimethoprim. Strong biofilm production was detected among 29.5% of highest antibiotic resistant isolates. The results may indicate that infected root canals with E. feac
... Show MoreThis research has been prepared to isolate and diagnose one of the most important vegetable oils from the plant medical clove is the famous with Alaeugenol oil and used in many pharmaceuticals were the isolation process using a technique ultrasonic extraction and distillation technology simple
Functionally graded materials (FGMs), with ceramic –ceramic constituents are fabricated using powder technology techniques. In this work three different sets of FGMs samples were designed in to 3 layers, 5 layers and 7 layers. The ceramic constituents were represented by hard ferrite (Barium ferrite) and soft ferrite (lithium ferrite). All samples sintered at constant temperature at 1100oC for 2 hrs. and characterized by FESEM. Some physical properties were measured for fabricated FGMs include apparent density, bulk density, porosity, shrinkage and hardness. The results indicated that the density increase with the increase the number of layer. Lateral shrinkage is one of the important parameter f
... Show MoreThis work involves hard photon rate production from quark -gluon plasma QGP interaction in heavy ion collision. Using a quantum chromodynamic model to investigate and calculation of photons rate in 𝑐𝑔 → 𝑠𝑔𝛾 system due to strength coupling, photons rate, temperature of system, flavor number and critical. The photons rate production computed using the perturbative strength models for QGP interactions. The strength coupling was function of temperature of system, flavor number and critical temperature. Its influenced by force with temperature of system, its increased with decreased the temperature and vice versa. The strength coupling has used to examine the confinement and deconfinement of quarks in QGP properties and inf
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