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Experimental Evaluation of PV Panel Efficiency Using Evaporative Cooling Integrated with Water Spraying
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In this work, an inventive photovoltaic evaporative cooling (PV/EC) hybrid system was constructed and experimentally investigated. The PV/EC hybrid system has the prosperous advantage of producing electrical energy and cooling the PV panel besides providing cooled-humid air. Two cooling techniques were utilized: backside evaporative cooling (case #1) and combined backside evaporative cooling with a front-side water spray technique (case #2). The water spraying on the front side of the PV panel is intermittent to minimize water and power consumption depending on the PV panel temperature. In addition, two pad thicknesses of 5 cm and 10 cm were investigated at three different water flow rates of 1, 2, and 3 lpm. In Case #1, the evaporative cooling decreased the temperature of the PV panel by about 15 ℃ related to the uncooled PV panel for both pad thicknesses. While case #2 showed a more significant temperature drop for PV panel by about 27 ℃  and 29.7 ℃ for pad thicknesses of 5 cm and 10 cm, respectively. Compared to the uncooled PV panel, the cooled panel had a distinct enhancement in performance. The efficiency of the PV panel in case #1 was augmented by 5.7% with 50 mm pad thickness and 8.4% for 100 mm pad thickness. Case #2 revealed more improvement in the efficiency by 9% for 5 cm and up to 20% for 10 cm pad thickness. The PV panel electric power was augmented by 7.3% and 13.8% for 2 and 3 lpm water flow rates, respectively. Compared to the flow rate of 1 lpm. The open voltage circuit improved by 4.1% and 9.4% for cases #1 and #2, respectively. The higher air temperature drop was about 11.4 ℃ for case #2 at 10 cm pad thickness.

 

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Hematology
Evaluation of Vitamin D level in thalassemia patients: The experience of a single center
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 28 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Preparation and Evaluation of Liquid and Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Mebendazole
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The aim of present study was to develop solid and liquid  self-microemulsifying drug  delivery system of poorly water soluble drug mebendazole using Aerosil 200 as solid carrier.  Microemulsions are clear, stable, isotropic liquid mixtures of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a co-surfactant having droplet size range usually in the range of 20-250 nm. Oleic acid, tween 80 and polypropylene glycol were selected as oil, surfactant and co-surfactant respectively and for preparation of stable SMEDDS, micro emulsion region was identified by constructing pseudo ternary phase diagram containing different proportion of surfactant: co-surfactant (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1), oil and water. In brief S/ CoS mix means su

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Advances In Bioresearch
Comparative Evaluation of Alkaloids Extraction Methods from the Root Bark of Punica granatum Linn
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A comparative study was carried out to evaluate alkaloid antibacterial activity which was extracted from the root bark Punica granatum L. by liquid membrane techniques (SA) and organic solvent traditional techniques (SB). The screening of the antimicrobial activity was conducted by agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis at three concentration levels (5, 10 and 15 mg/ml). Alkaloid extracts were analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Among the tested extractions, SB showed the highest antibacterial activity against all five bacterial strains, especially at 15 mg/ml concentration. However, all the B type solution

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2024
Journal Name
Joiv : International Journal On Informatics Visualization
Evaluation of the Performance of Kernel Non-parametric Regression and Ordinary Least Squares Regression
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Researchers need to understand the differences between parametric and nonparametric regression models and how they work with available information about the relationship between response and explanatory variables and the distribution of random errors. This paper proposes a new nonparametric regression function for the kernel and employs it with the Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimator method and the Gaussian kernel function. The proposed kernel function (AMS) is then compared to the Gaussian kernel and the traditional parametric method, the ordinary least squares method (OLS). The objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of nonparametric regression and identify the best-performing model when employing the Nadaraya-Watson

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Mathematical Modelling Of Engineering Problems
Evaluation of Al-Ishaqi Irrigation Project: A Case Study Eastern Canal of the Project
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An evaluation the performance of the irrigation system for the Al-Ishaqi irrigation project for the Eastern Canal was conducted to identify management strategies that can be used to improve the operation and performance of the irrigation system. The study area is located in Salah al-Din G.0overnorate, Iraq. The field work included determining the moisture content of the soil before and after irrigation, measuring the inflow of the field to find the depth of the applied water, field monitoring, and measuring the depth of the root zone for each irrigation process. Field measurements showed that the average efficiency of water application for the two fields (A, and B) are 59.81% and 38.6%, respectively. The results of the efficiency of

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Diagnostic Evaluation of Uterine Artery Doppler Imaging for the Prediction of Early Abnormal Pregnancy
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Objective: to assess the predictive value of Doppler imaging of the uterine artery in the identification of early intrauterine abnormal pregnancy as compared to a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Subjects and methods: one hundred and twenty pregnant ladies, at their 6-12 weeks of gestation, with a singleton pregnancy were included in this population-based case-control study. Thirty women with a missed miscarriage, 30 with hydatidiform mole, 30 with a blighted ovum, and 30 as a control group, without risk factors, underwent Doppler interrogation of the uterine arteries. Resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and the systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) were measured for both sides. The t-test, or ANOVA test when appropriate, was

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Publication Date
Sat May 13 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Population Therapeutics And Clinical Pharmacology
Synthesis, Characterization of Schiff's and Mannich bases of 5-Fluoroisatin and Preliminary Antimicrobial Evaluation
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With the aim of developing potential antimicrobials, a series of new 5-fluoroisatin derivatives incorporated with different secondary amines (piperidine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, dimethylamine, and diphenylamine) for monomer, and (piperazine) in case of dimer Mannich bases, separately in presence of formaldehyde to obtain Mannich bases of 5-fluoroisatin derivatives, which then each Mannich derivatives reacts with phenylhydrazine to form Schiff bases as final products. The resulting compounds were characterized by two spectroscopic analyses; (Fourier- transform infrared) FT-IR and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-NMR). In addition, the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities were tested against some human pathogen

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluation of the proposed strategy of Maysan Oil Company for the years 2020-2024
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ناقش البحث في طياته عدداً من القضايا الرئيسة المتعلقة بالتقييم الاستراتيجي والإطار العام للخطة الاستراتيجية المقترحة لشركة نفط ميسان للسنوات الخمس المقبلة (2020_2024)، وهدف هذا البحث يتمحور في تقييم عملية صياغة استراتيجية شركة نفط ميسان لتحديد نقاط القوة وتعضيدها ومواطن الضعف ومحاولة معالجتها لتجنب الوقوع بها عند وضع استراتيجية للسنوات القادمة، وعلى هذا الاساس فان مشكلة البحث تكمن في مدى نجاح الاستراتي

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2025
Journal Name
Minerva Dental And Oral Science
Evaluation of the microleakage of new bioactive restorative materials: a comparative in-vitro study
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 31 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Production and Evaluation of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuel from Thermal Pyrolysis of Virgin Polyethylene Plastics
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   Pyrolysis of virgin polyethylene plastics was studied in order to produce hydrocarbon liquid fuel. The pyrolysis process carried out for low and high-density polyethylene plastics in open system batch reactor in temperature range of 370 to 450°C.

   Thermo-gravimetric analysis of the virgin plastics showed that the degradation ranges were between 326 and 495 °C. The results showed that the optimum temperature range of pyrolysis of polyethylene plastics that gives highest liquid yield (with specific gravity between 0.7844 and 0.7865) was 390 to 410 °C with reaction time of about 35 minutes. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy gave a quite evidence that the produced hydrocarbon liquid fuel consisted ma

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