Multi-belled piles are piles with enlarged ends; these piles have one or further bells at the lower third part of the pile. These piles are suitable for many soils with problems such as softening clay, the variation of groundwater table, expansive soils, black cotton soil, and loose sand. The current study reviewed the behavior of belled piles in multi-layer soils subjected to axial compression and pullout loading. The review covered the experimental and theoretical works on belled piles in multi-layered soils. These piles were subjected to static and dynamic loadings in compression and pullout cases. Most theoretical results focused on software such as PLAXIS 3D. The axial load applied on the piles comes from the upper structure built above these piles, and negative skin friction comes from groundwater. The results obtained from previous studies showed the validity of using such piles in different types of soil and multilayer soils. According to previous studies, this study aims to find all the things about the belled piles, including the best shape of the belled pile being the half cone and the worst state being when the bell is fully cone. The best number of belled piles is two bells because the bearing capacity increases when the number of bells increases but does not exceed two due to hard work and high cost. The best location of a bell is at the base of the pile. The current study showed that the bearing capacity increased from 40% to 73.75% compared with ordinary piles.
Schiff bases (SBs) represent multipurpose ligands that can be prepared from the concentration of prime amines with carbonyl clusters. Creation of SB transition metal compounds via as ligands has opportunity of attaining coordination complexes of abnormal arrangement and stability. These transition metal compounds have extraordinary attention as a consequence of their dynamic portion in metalloenzymes and as biomimetic prototypical complexes as a result of their proximity to usual enzymes and proteins. These complexes are imperative in medicinal disciplines owing to their widespread range of biological actions. They mostly exhibit organic actions involving antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, antidiabetic, herbicidal, antiproliferative, ant
... Show MorePhenol condensed with β-keto esters via Pechmann condensation to form derivatives of Coumarin in various reaction conditions by two ways. Present paper is comparative study of synthesis Coumarin with the yield of product , reaction time and reaction conditions.
With the exception of Antarctica, all continents are home to Echinococcus species. These parasite infections are thought to be quite dangerous, causing high rates of morbidity and mortality as well as large financial losses for the cattle sector from a human and veterinary standpoint, the two primary species to consider are Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) and Echinococcus multilocularis, which cause cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), respectively. The present state-of-the-art knowledge on these two parasites is compiled in this study in four major areas that are pertinent to both human and veterinary professionals: diagnosis, treatment and prevention, clinical symptoms and pathogenesis, and transm
... Show MoreThe finite element approach is used to solve a variety of difficulties, including well bore stability, fluid flow production and injection wells, mechanical issues and others. Geomechanics is a term that includes a number of important aspects in the petroleum industry, such as studying the changes that can be occur in oil reservoirs and geological structures, and providing a picture of oil well stability during drilling. The current review study concerned about the advancements in the application of the finite element method (FEM) in the geomechanical field over a course of century.
Firstly, the study presented the early advancements of this method by development the structural framework of stress, make numerical computer solution
... Show MoreSchiff bases (SBs) represent multipurpose ligands that can be prepared from the concentration of prime amines with carbonyl clusters. Creation of SB transition metal compounds via as ligands has opportunity of attaining coordination complexes of abnormal arrangement and stability. These transition metal compounds have extraordinary attention as a consequence of their dynamic portion in metalloenzymes and as biomimetic prototypical complexes as a result of their proximity to usual enzymes and proteins. These complexes are imperative in medicinal disciplines owing to their widespread range of biological actions. They mostly exhibit organic actions involving antifungal, antibacterial, antitumor, antidiabetic, herbicidal, antiproliferative, ant
... Show MoreWellbore instability is a significant problem faced during drilling operations and causes loss of circulation, caving, stuck pipe, and well kick or blowout. These problems take extra time to treat and increase the Nonproductive Time (NPT). This paper aims to review the factors that influence the stability of wellbores and know the methods that have been reached to reduce them. Based on a current survey, the factors that affect the stability of the wellbore are far-field stress, rock mechanical properties, natural fractures, pore pressure, wellbore trajectory, drilling fluid chemicals, mobile formations, naturally over-pressured shale collapse, mud weight, temperature, and time. Also, the most suitable ways to reduce well
... Show MoreDue to its various resistance mechanisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most prevalent opportunistic infection that kills hospitalized patients. Thus, therapeutic options become limited. Objective: The study aimed to estimate the antibiofilm effectiveness of Conocarpus erectus leaf extracts against MDR P. aeruginosa isolates and examines pelA and algD gene expression. Subjects and Methods: One hundred-fifty clinical samples were collected from five Baghdad hospitals between September 2021 and January 2022. Samples were grown on different mediums. Despite cetrimide agar's ability to detect P. aeruginosa, only 83 isolates developed at 42°C. VITEK 2 compact system identification followed. This study examined 83 of P. aeruginosa isolates for r
... Show MoreAccording to the famous saying of the medieval physician Paracelsus, "There is no substance without poison. Only the dose determines the extent of the toxic effect." Here, the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on human health and the risks to the health of its frequent use in the short term was addressed and the long term was evaluated according to the studies of several researchers specializing in this regard. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known as one of the most popular food additives that classified as a flavor enhancer. Parts of the evidence were reviewed from the literature explaining its effect on immune system cells in addition to metabolic disorders by exposing individuals to obesity and what is known as metabolic syndrome, as w
... Show MorePraise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the Master of Messengers, and upon his family and companions
And whoever follows his guidance until the Day of Judgment. As for what follows: Islamic law commands Muslims to unite, reject disagreement, and not dispute, and to spread the spirit of tolerance and love among them. God Almighty said: “And hold fast to the rope of God all of you and do not become divided, and remember the favor of God upon you when you are enemies and He has joined your hearts.” So, by His grace, you became brothers (1), and He said: (And You will be like those who became divided and disagreed after the clear proofs had come to them. It is they - for them is a great punishment.) (2
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