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Estimation of Water and Energy Saving by Rainwater Harvesting: Sulaimani City as a Case Study
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Rainwater harvesting could be a possible solution to decrease the consequences of water scarcity and energy deficiency in Iraq and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). This study aims to calculate the water and energy (electricity) saved by rainwater harvesting for rooftops and green areas in Sulaimani city, KR, Iraq. Various data were acquired from different formal entities in Sulaimani city. Moreover, Google Earth and ArcMap 10.4 software were used for digitizing and calculating the total rooftop and green areas. The results showed that for the used runoff coefficients (0.8 and 0.95), the harvested rainwater volumes were 2901563 and 12197131 m³ during the study period (2005 – 2006) and (2019-2020). Moreover, by comparing the study area's rainwater harvesting volume and water production, the water-saving percentage was 8.21 to 22.68%. Furthermore, the energy-saving percentage recorded was from 7.70 to 22.5% by implementing rooftop rainwater harvesting. On the other hand, using average daily rainfall data for the year (2005-2020), the total water-saving percentage and the total energy-saving rate for both runoff coefficients were very close. Water and energy-saving results were calculated using year-by-year rainfall data, taking more time and effort for its computation. Moreover, the water-saving percentage for the selected green area was not encouraging, and the results were between 0.73 and 11.15%. Additionally, the storage size for three typical buildings was calculated, and the results show the average storage size required for rainwater harvesting using daily rainfall data was 11.2 to 14.68 m³ (house), 291.42 to 422.33 m³ (school), and 10.5 to 11.41 m³ (hotel) for runoff coefficients of 0.8 and 0.95, respectively.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 22 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Interleukine-6 Level in Saliva of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Case-Control Study
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Background:Periodontal diseases are infectious diseases in which periodontalpathogens trigger chronic inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukine-6 is a multifunctional cytokine playing a central role in inflammation and tissue injury.The aim of the study IS to determine the level of Interleukin-6(IL-6) in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects. Materials and Methods:The total subjects of the present study is 60, divided into 3 groups; 20 patients with chronic periodontitis with pocket depth(PD ≥4 mm)(group I), 20 patients with pocket depth(PD <4 mm) with clinical attachment loss (group II), and 20 healthy controls with pocket probing depth (PPD ≤ 3 mm) without clinical attachment loss (g

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2019
Journal Name
Heliyon
Toward liveable commercial streets: A case study of Al-Karada inner street in Baghdad
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluating the Moisture Content Variation on Critical Strain of Geo-materials: A Case Study
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The tunnel’s stability during construction is a very important matter. Some methods have been proposed for stability evaluation, but the hazard warning levels (HWLs) are more applicable among these methods. Despite monitoring and applying HWLs, several collapses in Shibli twin tunnels in Iran have cast doubts on the accuracy of this criterion in the presence of water. In this study, the critical strains under different water contents were measured through uniaxial compressive strength tests on 11 different shale and marl samples. A comparison of laboratory tests and numerical results shows that the influence of the moisture content on the critical strain is negligible. In addition, the results show that there is no dir

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Water security in Basra Study economic reality and prospects for future water
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It  can be said that the Security of water  in  Basra from the visual task vital strategic issues of concern to the attention of researchers in various attributions and those interested in water, environmental, economic, social, cultural and political affairs ... etc. This view of the great importance of the issue of water in the occupied Basra, which is characterized by parochialism and scarcity, When looking at the sources of our daily lives and in our reality today. We find that millions of people living on the two main exporters Tabaaan oil and water. And depleted oil wealth However Manfred him the most attention because we entered it surpasses all other sources of income, but is not it a littl

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Publication Date
Mon May 09 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Choosing the Planning Aggregate Production strategy of the Organization of service - A Case Study in Baghdad hotel: Choosing the Planning Aggregate Production strategy of the Organization of service - A Case Study in Baghdad hotel
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Constitute a planning problem on the basis of personal experience and self-governance in the service organizations away from quantitative scientific method in planning an anchor and a platform, who made a recent research study, analysis and interpretation through scientific methodology adopted which formed its contents, The research aims to identify the true reality of production planning in service organizations, specifically in the Baghdad Hotel as a society to look, in order to assess the best strategy through the standard cost of the strategies of tracking and settlement to cope with developments on services demand changes, Search results confirmed that the settlement rates of production strategy is the best strategy in accordance wi

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2016
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Joubert Syndrome: Imaging Findings and Report of a Case
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Background: Joubert syndrome (JS) is a very rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by agenesis of cerebellar vermis, abnormal eye movements, respiratory irregularities, and delayed generalized motor development. Retinal dystrophy and cystic kidneys may also be associated with this clinical syndrome. The importance of recognizing JS is related to the outcome and its potential complications. This syndrome is difficult to diagnose clinically because of its variable phenotype. Its neuroimaging hallmarks include the characteristic molar tooth sign and bat wing-shaped fourth ventricle

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2012
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Model of Intelligent Traffic Light System with Saving Power
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In this paper, a FPGA model of intelligent traffic light system with power saving was built. The intelligent traffic light system consists of sensors placed on the side's ends of the intersection to sense the presence or absence of vehicles. This system reduces the waiting time when the traffic light is red, through the transition from traffic light state to the other state, when the first state spends a lot of time, because there are no more vehicles. The proposed system is built using VHDL, simulated using Xilinx ISE 9.2i package, and implemented using Spartan-3A XC3S700A FPGA kit. Implementation and Simulation behavioral model results show that the proposed intelligent traffic light system model satisfies the specified operational req

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A study of anti fungal activity of a combination of essential oils from medical herbs against water molds
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti fungal activity of a combination of essential oils against water molds. HPLC analysis was done to evaluate the quantity and quality of the active compounds in this combination which extracted from three herbs( Peppermint Menthapiperita ,Thyme Thymusvulgaris, Common sage Salvia officinalis L.) and the active compounds are Camphor,Menthol,,Thujone and Thymol with different concentrations. In this study (MIC) , (MFC) were measured and (LD50) determined after 48,96 h from fingerlings treatment of common carp in aquariums .The results of (MIC) were 0.025µl/ml for Aphanomyces sp. and 0.015µl/ml for both Achlya sp. and Fusariumsolani which showed significant differences(p<0.05) from Malachite gre

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Evaluation of Drinking Water Quality in Al Wahda Treatment Plant in Baghdad City- Iraq
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This study aims to evaluate drinking water quality at the Al Wahda plant (WTP) in Baghdad city. A conventional water treatment plant with an average flow rate of 72.82 MLD. Water samples were taken from the influent and effluent of the treatment plant and analyzed for some physicochemical and biological parameters during the period from June to November 2020. The results of the evaluation indicate that treated water has almost the same characteristics as raw water; in other terms, the plant units do not remove pollutants as efficiently as intended. Based on this, the station appears to be nothing more than a series of water passage units. However, apart from Total dissolved solids, the mean values of all parameters in th

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Application of the Canadian Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) for Aquatic Life to Assess the Effect of Tharthar Water upon the Quality of the Tigris Water, Northern Baghdad City,Iraq
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The present study aims to assess the effect of the Tharthar Canal as an outlet canal that feeds back from the Tharthar Lake on the quality of the Tigris water. Utilizing a Canadian Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) for the protection of aquatic life Water samples were obtained every month from January to December of 2020. Six different sites were selected: four along the Tigris River and two on the Tharthar Canal. Seven ecological parameters were used to assess water quality depending on importance and availability: water temperature, Water Temperature, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, Nitrate (NO3-) and Phosphate ( . The study demonstrated that the water quality of the Tharthr canal ranked as a

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