In order to understand the effect of (length of pile / diameter of pile) ratio on the load carrying capacity and settlement reduction behavior of piled raft resting on loose sand, laboratory model tests were conducted on small-scale models. The parameters studied were the effect of pile length and the number of piles. The load settlement behavior obtained from the tests has been validated by using 3-D finite element in ABAQUS program, was adopted to understand the load carrying response of piled raft and settlement reduction. The results of experimental work show that the increase in (Lp/dp) ratio led to increase in load carrying capacity by piled raft from (19.75 to 29.35%), (14.18 to 28.87%) and (0 to 16.49%) , the maximum load carried

In this research note approximately prime submodules is defined as a new generalization of prime submodules of unitary modules over a commutative ring with identity. A proper submodule  of an -module  is called an approximaitly prime submodule of  (for short app-prime submodule), if when ever , where , , implies that either  or . So, an ideal  of a ring  is called app-prime ideal of  if   is an app-prime submodule of -module . Several basic properties, characterizations and examples of approximaitly prime submodules were given. Furthermore, the definition of approximaitly prime radical of submodules of modules were introduced, and some of it is properties were established.

      This work addressed the assignment problem (AP) based on fuzzy costs, where the objective, in this study, is to minimize the cost. A triangular, or trapezoidal, fuzzy numbers were assigned for each fuzzy cost. In addition, the assignment models were applied on linguistic variables which were initially converted to quantitative fuzzy data by using the Yager’sorankingi method. The paper results have showed that the quantitative date have a considerable effect when considered in fuzzy-mathematic models.

Derivative spectrophotometry is one of the analytical chemistry techniques used
in the analysis and determination of chemicals and pharmaceuticals. This method is
characterized by simplicity, sensitivity and speed. Derivative of Spectra conducted
in several ways, including optical, electronic and mathematical. This operation
usually be done within spectrophotometer. The paper is based on form of a new
program. The program construction is written in Visual Basic language within
Microsoft Excel. The program is able to transform the first, second, third and fourth
derivatives of data and the return of these derivatives to zero order (normal plot).
The program was applied on experimental (trial) and reals values of su

Practically, torsion is normally combined with flexure and shear actions. Even though, the behavior of reinforced concrete continuous beams under pure torsion is investigated in this study. It was performed on four RC continuous beams under pure torsion. In order to produce torsional moment on the external supports, an eccentric load was applied at various distances from the longitudinal axis of the RC beams until failure.

Variables considered in this study are absolute vertical displacement of the external supports, torsional moment’s capacity, angle of twist and first cracks occurrences. According to experimental results; when load eccentricity increased from 30cm to 60cm, the absolute vertical displacement i

An investigation was conducted effect of addition co- solvent on solvent extraction process for two types of a lubricating oil fraction (spindle) and (SAE-30) obtained from vacuum distillation unit of lube oil plant of Daura Refinery. In this study two types of co-solvents ( formamide and N-methyl, 2, pyrrolidone) were blended with furfural to extract aromatic hydrocarbons which are the undesirable materials in raw lubricating oil, in order to improve the viscosity index, viscosity and yield of produced lubricating oil. The studied operating condition are extraction temperature range from 70 to 110 °C for formamide and 80 to 120 °C for N-methyl, 2, pyrrolidone, solvent to oil ratio range from 1:1 to 2:1 (wt./wt.) for furfural with form

    يهدف البحث الحالي إلى اختبار العلاقة بين نوعية حياة العمل والإبداع التنظيمي في ديوان وزارة التخطيط ، ولبلوغ الهدف المذكور وبناء على معطيات البحث الاستطلاعي للباحث بني ألانموذج الفرضي للبحث الذي ضم المتغير المستقل والمعتمد، واعتماداً على حركية الأنموذج صيغت فرضيتان، ولاختبار صحة الفرضيات وجمع المعلومات من عينة البحث البالغة (100) مدير يمثلون مرك

The study deals with 3D seismic reflection in the central Iraq within Merjan oil field which is located approximately (130 km) to the southwest Baghdad and south of Razaza. The 3D seismic survey was interpreted; the results showed that the oil is found within Hartha Formation as stratigraphic traps and with the absence of structural traps. The major normal faults picked are trending N-S direction. There are also minor faults observed using the instantaneous phase and frequency sections, they proved the presence of the faults and showed that the ending of the Safawi reflector toward the north and northeast to the south and southeast and near the western border of fault because of the facies change in the area. The reflector shows a struct

Abstract 

In the present study, composites were prepared by Hand lay-up molding. The composites constituents were epoxy resin as a matrix, 6% volume fractions of glass fibers (G.F) as reinforcement and 3%, 6% volume fractions of preparation natural material (Rice Husk Ash, Carrot Powder, and Sawdust) as filler. Studied the erosion wear behavior and coating by natural wastes (Rice Husk Ash) with epoxy resin after erosion. The results showed the non – reinforced epoxy have lower resistance erosion than natural based material composites and the specimen (Epoxy+6%glass fiber+6%RHA) has higher resistance erosion than composites reinforced with carrot powder and sawdust  at 30cm , angle 60