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A Computational Fluid Dynamics Investigation of using Large-Scale Geometric Roughness Elements in Open Channels
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The hydraulic behavior of the flow can be changed by using large-scale geometric roughness elements in open channels. This change can help in controlling erosions and sedimentations along the mainstream of the channel. Roughness elements can be large stone or concrete blocks placed at the channel's bed to impose more resistance in the bed. The geometry of the roughness elements, numbers used, and configuration are parameters that can affect the flow's hydraulic characteristics. In this paper, velocity distribution along the flume was theoretically investigated using a series of tests of T-shape roughness elements, fixed height, arranged in three different configurations, differ in the number of lines of roughness element. These elements were used to find the best configuration of roughness elements that can be applied to change the flow's hydraulic characteristics. ANSYS Parametric Design Language, APDL, and Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD, was used to simulate the flow in an open channel with roughness elements. CFD can be used to study the hydrodynamics of open channels under different conditions with inclusive details rather than relying on the costly field and time-consuming. Runs were implemented with different conditions, the discharge, and water depth in upstream and downstream of the flume. T-shape roughness elements with height equal to 3cm placed in three different configurations, two lines, four lines, and fully rough configurations were tested. The results show that the effect of roughness elements increasing with increasing the number of lines of roughness elements. Cases of four lines and fully rough configurations have almost the same hydraulic performance by having the same results of the velocity decrease percentage, which is decreased by approximately about 66% and 61% of the control case's velocity in the zone near the roughness elements consequently. But the difference is that four lines configuration is affected in a part of the test section. This behavior increases the velocity values by about 11% in the other side and by about 10% near the free surface in the case of four lines configuration and increased by about 32% above the roughness elements in a fully rough configuration.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of magnetic water in the some parameters of growth & activity of some enzymes in the ( Raphanus raphanistrum L.) Plant
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 23 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effect of Interaction Betw·een Phosphorus and Zink in Some Morphological Features of Two Varieties of Wheat Grown in Gypsum Soil
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A  biological   experirne.rit   was  CQhducted ·ll1  the   (Ibn-  Al­

Haitham).  University        of   Baghdad  for   growing   seasens   on   of

2004/2005 (by using gypsum soil taken from Al- Doar area I Salah Al­ Dean provinc)  to stucl·- the effect three levels of phosphorus (0, 400,

SOO)rng ! pot and four  levels of zinc (0, 10,.. J 5, 2.0) tngf I pot on some

features of two  varieties -Qf    wheat, (triticum aestivurn var. rateh)and

(Triticum aestiv1lm Var. Ipa 99)..

R't

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2019
Journal Name
Al-academy
Use of Multimedia in the Design of Educational Websites and their Role in Enhancing the Cognitive Aspect of the Learner
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Multimedia is one of the most important elements of modern educational media and must be used in educational websites in order to disseminate knowledge on a large scale and should be used to provide scientific information to all, as the current research tried to explore the possibilities of employing them in the design of educational websites and highlight their role in promoting the scientific aspects of the user. This study included four axes, the first of which was devoted to the introduction which includes the problem of research, its importance, objectives and its objective, temporal and spatial limitations, which were limited to the study of the main pages of Arabic educational websites published in 2019. The second axis contained th

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 03 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Measuring the concentration of Suspended Particulate Matter and some heavy metals in air of two areas of Rusafa in Baghdad
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This study aimed to detect the present levels and distribution of air pollutants such as SPM, Pb, Cr, Cd , and Ni , in two urban sites within Al- Rusafa side in Baghdad city (Al-Waziriya as industrial site and Al-Andalus square as commercial site). Measurements were carried out from November 2013 until June 2014. SPM, Pb, Cr, Cd , and Ni were measured using Air intake device(Sniffer) . The average minimum concentrations of SPM, Pb, Cr, Cd , and Ni were 588 μg/m3, 2.8 μg/m3, 15.6 μg/m3, 0.1 μg/m3, and 6.3 μg/m3. While the average maximum concentrations were 723 μg/m3 , 3.4 μg/m3 , 21.7 μg/m3 , 0.125 μg/m3 , and 6.8 μg/m3 , respectively. The results indicate that commercial site was more polluted with SPM , Pb , and Ni compared t

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 06 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
In vivo histological evaluation of the effect of the topical application of estrogen hormone on wounds healing in ovariectomized rabbit
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Background: Wound healing, as a normal biological process in the human body, is achieved through four precisely and highly programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Growth factors released in the traumatized area promote cell migration into the wound area (chemotaxis), stimulate the growth of epithelial cells and fibroblasts (mitogenesis), initiate the formulation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and stimulate matrix formation and remodeling of the affected region. One of factors that effects on wound healing is a sex hormones and one of these hormones is an estrogen hormone. A wide range of cutaneous cell types (eg, fibroblast, endothelial, epithelial, and inflammatory) expressed estrogen receptors, in

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 19 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of social capital in enhancing the psychological empowerment of workers Applied research in the Directorate of the Municipality of Samawah
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 The current research aims to study social capital and its effect in enhancing the psychological empowerment of workers through the two variables of social capital within its dimensions (structural, relational, cognitive) and the variable of psychological empowerment within its components (ability, meaning, personal will and influence). The questionnaire was used as a main tool in the collection of data and with data collected from a sample of 168 employees in the Municipality of Samawa Municipality, which is part of the Ministry of Construction, Housing, Municipalities and Public Works. The results of the research (The impact of social capital in enhancing the psychological empowerment of workersApplied research in the Dire

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 29 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Cytogenetic in Vivo Effects of The Aqueous Extract of Raphanus Sativus L. Leaves in Mitosis of the Meristematic Cells of \Onion Roots
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The current study included the preparation of the aqueous extract of Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae), commonly known as radish which is widely available throughout the world and has been used in folk medicine as a natural drug against many toxicants. The study was designed to evaluate the in vivo cytogenetic activity of the crude aqueous extract of R. sativus on mitosis on Allium cepa root tips as a plant test system. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude aqueous extract (0.00, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/ml). The study included a number of cytogenetic analyses such as mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. The data s

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Predictive Ability of the University Grade Point Average in the Specialized Test Score for thAbility of the University Grade Point Average in the Specialized Test Score for the Teacher Position in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman
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the most important purposes and uses of the test results in the educational sector. This is because the quality of tests is related to their ability to predict the learner's behavior in the future, and the accuracy of the educational and administrative decisions that are taken in light of their results. The study aimed accordingly to reveal the predictive ability of the university Grade Point Average (GPA) in the Score of the specialized test for the position of teacher in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. It further aimed to investigate the differences in the predictive ability according to the specialization and academic year using the descriptive approach. The sample of the study consisted of (349) s/he students enro

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Borage officinalis ON MONOAMINE OXIDASE (MAO) AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE (AChE) IN HUMAN SERUM IN VITRO.: THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Borage officinalis ON MONOAMINE OXIDASE (MAO) AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE (AChE) IN HUMAN SERUM IN VITRO.
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This study was designed to show the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of alcoholic extract of Borage officinalis on the Monoamine oxidase (MAO) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes in human serum. The results obtained from the study exhibited that alcoholic extract of Borage officinalis caused inhibition to enzymes activity with all concentrations of the extract. The results also showed that when the concentration of the extract was (0.001 mg/ml), the percentage of inhibition was (4.3% with MAO and 15.2% with AChE) and this percentage increases until reaching up to (74.7% with MAO and 84.18% with AChE) when the concentration of the extract was (0.1 mg/ml). From the kinetic parameters, studies found that alcoholic extract o

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Elastic electron scattering from 11Li and 12Be exotic nuclei in the framework of the binary cluster model
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The ground state densities of unstable neutron-rich 11Li and 12Be exotic nuclei are studied in the framework of the binary cluster model (BCM). The internal densities of the clusters are described by the single particle harmonic oscillator wave functions. The long tail performance is clearly noticed in the calculated neutron and matter density distributions of these nuclei. The structures of the two valence neutrons in 11Li and 12Be are found to be mixed configurations with dominant (1p1/2)2. Elastic electron scattering proton form factors for 11Li and 12Be are studied using the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA). It is found that the major difference between the calculated form factors of unstable nuclei [11Li, 12Be] and those of stab

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