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Energy and Exergy Analyses of Heat Pump Cycle with Refrigerant Injection Technology
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The effect of refrigerant injection techniques on the performance of heat pump system based on exergy analysis was studied theoretically. Three refrigerant injection techniques were used; the first was achieved by injected vapour in volume ratios from 1 to 7% in the accumulator. The second was injection liquid refrigerant in the discharge line with the aid of Liquid Pressure Amplification (LPA) pump, with volume ratios from 1 to 10%. The third was a hybrid injection with volume ratios of injected vapour and liquid varied from 1 to 3% and 1 to 10%; respectively. The following improvements in cycle performance were observed. For vapour injection technique, the best ratio of injection was 5%, the exergy destruction reduced by 21% and exergy efficiency enhanced by 14.6%. For liquid injection technique the best ratio of injection was 6%, the reduction in exergy destruction was 34% while the exergy efficiency increased by about 21.4%. The hybrid injection technique increased the exergy efficiency by 23% when the volume ratio of vapour and liquid injections are 3% each. The effect of condensing pressure on the cycle performance was studied also. The optimum exergy efficiency of the cycle was 54.55% achieved when the condensing pressure was 15 bars.

                                              

 

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Preparation, Characterization and Spectroscopic Study of New Tridentate Schiff Base and its Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) Metal Complexes
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A new tridentate ligand has been synthesized derived from phenyl(pyridin-3-yl)methanone. Three coordinated metal complexes were prepared by complexation of the new ligand with Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) metal salts. The new Schiff base “benzyl -2-[phenyl(pyridin-3-yl)methylidene]hydrazinecarbodithioate” and the new metal complexes were characterized using various physico-chemical and spectroscopic techniques. From the analysis results, the expected structure to the metal complexes are octahedral in geometry for Cu(II) complex, square planner for Ni(II) and tetrahedral for Zn(II) complex. The new compounds are expected to show strong bioactivity against bacteria and cancer cells.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Studying the Effect of Adding Doekhla kaolin Clay and Alumina to Iraqi Bauxite on Some Physical and Mechanical and Thermal Properties
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The aim of this work is to produce samples from Iraqi raw materials like Husyniat Bauxite (raw and burnt) and to study the effect of some additives like white Doekhla kaolin clays and alumina on that material properties were using sodium silica as a binding material. Five mixtures were prepared from Bauxite (raw and burnt) and kaolin clays, with an additive of (40) ml from sodium silica and alumina of (2.5, 5, 7.5,10 wt %) percentage as a binding material. the size grading was through sieving. The formation of all specimens was conducted by a measured gradually semi-dry pressing method under a compression force of (10) Tons and humidity ratio ranging from (5-10) % from mixture weight. Drying all specimens was done and then they were burn

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Study of Oral Findings, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Vitamin E in Serum and Saliva of Crohn's Patients on Azathioprine Monotherapy and those on Combination of Anti-TNF-α Plus Azathioprine
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Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is an immunological disorder associated with chronic inflammatory process of several unspecific regions of gastrointestinal tract but frequently detected in the terminal Ilium and proximal colon or both. This disease frequently presented with various oral manifestations as a consequence of inflammatory process of the disease, nutritional deficiency or medications side effects. Several therapeutic approaches have been developed for CD management that are targeting the inflammatory process and directed at controlling the host immune response. Immunosuppressants such as Azathioprine and anti-TNF α agents as well as the combination of them have been widely used as an effective therapeutic modality with a bett

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
The Effect of Power Sources in the Agricultural Tractor and the Developed Sprayer System on the Performance of the Electrical and Mechanical Sprayer System and some Performance Indicators of the Engine
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Abstract<p>An experiment was conducted to study the effect of the sprayer type according to the source of power and the size of the spray nozzle concerning the quality of the spray produced and fuel consumption.Two types of sprayers were used: a conventional boom sprayer (S1) and a modified (electrified) boom sprayer (S2), along with three sizes of the XR TeeJet 110 spray nozzle (N). The following technical performance indicators were examined: Density of coverage (drops/cm2) using ImageJ software, a 600dpi business card scanner, specifically the ScanShell 800N by CSSN, Inc, and water-sensitive paper (WSP), rate of spray nozzles discharge (ml/min), and fuel consumption (liters/hectare) using a c</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Research
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in blood and milk of infected goats and Pregnant women by Rapid test cassette and conventional -PCR methods in AL-Qadisiyah province, Iraq
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Aim: The study aimed to investigate the presence of the specific B1 gene T gondii in blood and milk samples from natural infected cattle and pregnant women (16-30 weeks) whose examination performed by the officers at the women's and children's Educational hospital in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. Materials and methods: A total of 150 serum samplings were collected analysed and scanned for Anti-T gondi antibodies (75 naturally-infected goats and 75 pregnant women with Toxoplasma). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect of B1(399pb) gene in 26 goat's blood samples and 7 samples from pregnant women. Results: A quick-test anti-cassette gondii results showed 26 positive samples of goats in a percentage of 34,666 percent, while a higher percent

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 26 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
MEASURING THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY OF RESOURCE AND THE TECHNICAL CHANGE OF AGRICULTURAL COMPANIES IN IRAQ USING SFA AND DEA FOR THE PERIOD 2005-2017
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The research aims to measure the economic efficiency and technological change and the total productivity of resources using the parameter and non-parameter methods, for agricultural companies registered in the Iraqi stock exchange, the number of 6 companies for the period from 2005 to 2017 based on the hypothesis that the  agricultural companies do not achieve economic efficiency and does not control the management of its operations, and It may be technically efficient but the size of its operations is not optimal. From non-parametric methods, the data envelope analysis method was used. Using the DEAP program, the Middle East Company achieved the highest average technical and cost efficiency of 0.62 and 0.58, respectively. The Iraq

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The global financial crisis and the role of war and its characterization as solutions "The objective roots and the legal possibility of the crisis in economic thought"
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في البداية اود الاشارة الى ان فهم حقيقة الازمة هو ذو جانب فني يتعلق بالجينات الوراثية لنظام يملك في احيناته قدرة عالية على تفريخ المشتقات. هذا النظام الذي يزداد عقما وتدميرا يزداد قدرة على خلق النقود الائتمانية/المشتقات، وكلما اقتربنا اكثر من فهم هذا الجانب كلما اسقطت في ايدينا تلك التوصيفات الاكاديمية الجاهزة في نقص الرقابة والاشراف، تركيز المخاطر،....الخ التي تناولتها الكتابات الشائعة في معظم طروحات

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 23 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Anti-obesity effect of simvastatin and omega-3 and its combination on obese model male Wistar rats: Effect of simvastatin, omega-3 and their combination on UCP1
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      Strategies to reduce obesity have become main priority for many health institution and health staff around the world, as the prevalence of obesity has risen and exacerbated in most of the world mainly because of the modern life style which tend to be more sedentary with an increase eating unhealthy fast western food. Many years ago, the lipid-lowering drug simvastatin; and omega-3 were considered as a traditional lipid-lowering drug that have been well-documented to possess anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and triglyceride-lowering properties; and their co-administration may demonstrate a complementary effect in lowering patients' triglycerides and total cholesterol to treat atherosclero

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 30 2020
Journal Name
Int’l Journal Of Advances In Chemical Engg., & Biological Sciences
In vivo Study of Effects of Citric from Aspergillus Niger and Lemon Juice on the Hormonal Level and Histoarchitecture of the Testis
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To study the qualitative changes in testis tissue after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration and to determine whether citric acid (CA) has a protective effect against testis damage induced by CCl4. This study compared two types of CA by measuring the histoarchitecture of the testis and serum levels of progesterone, estrogen and testosterone on mice. One of the most produced organic acid is citric acid. In this study, CA produced by microbial fermentation using Aspergillus Niger 5mg/kg and derived from citrus limon 400mg/kg (lemon). Mice were treated with daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for seven successive days after randomly separated into six groups: (1) control, (2) CCl4 (0.02%), (3) limon citric acid (400 mg/kg), (4) CCl4 (

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 03 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research
In Vivo Mechanical and Histological Evaluation of the Effect of Vacuum Storage and Ultra Violet Light Treatment of Titanium Implants on Osseointegration
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Background: Titanium implant is widely used in dentistry because of its extraordinary biocompatibility and mechanical properties. To increase bone–implant connection and provide early loading after placement, implant is stored in different storage medium and treated with UV light. Both of them are applicable methods to increase the bioactivity of titanium and overcome the biological aging. This study was designed to assess the effect of vacuum storage method and air storage with and without UV light treated of Cp Ti implant mechanically and histologically. Materials and methods: Titanium screws were acid etched and prepared in four different modes using different storage methods (air or vacuum and, with or without UV treatment. The implan

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