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Ultrasound-Assisted Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel
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Due to the dramatic environmental impact of sulfur emissions associated with the exhaust of diesel engines, last environmental regulations for ultra-low-sulfur diesel require a very deep desulfurization (up to 15 ppm), which cannot be met by the conventional hydrodesulfurization units alone. The proposed method involves a batch ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAODS) of a previously hydrotreated diesel (containing 480 ppm sulfur) so as to convert the residual sulfur-bearing compounds into their corresponding highly polar oxides, which can be eliminated easily by extraction with a certain highly polar solvent. The oxidizing system utilized was H2O2 as an oxidant, CH3COOH as a promoter, with FeSO4 as a catalyst; whereas acetonitrile was used as extractant. The major influential parameters related to UAODS process have been investigated, namely: ratio of oxidant/fuel, ratio of the promoter/oxidant, dose of catalyst, reaction temperature, and intensity of ultrasonic waves. Kinetics of the reaction has been also studied; it was observed that the UAODS of diesel fuels fitted pseudo-first-order kinetics under the best experimental conditions, whereas values of the apparent rate constant and activation energy were 0.373 min-1 and 24 KJ/mol, respectively. The oxidation treatment, in combination with ultrasonic irradiation, revealed a synergistic effect for diesel desulfurization. The experimental results showed that sulfur removal efficiency could amount to 98% at mild operating conditions (70 C and 1 bar). This indicates that the process is efficient and promising for the production of ultra-low-sulfur diesel fuels.

 

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Publication Date
Tue May 16 2023
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Public Rights and Freedoms in the Constitution of the Sultanate of Oman and Ways to Protect Them
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What distinguishes human rights issues is their importance to the international community and their importance to democratic political regimes, because they are the axis of any political regime that seeks to achieve a successful democratic path and a stable state. So, countries that are interested in human rights try to enshrine those rights and freedoms in their constitutions and reinforce their concepts in their laws and legislations. Not to mention its involvement in international conventions and treaties concerned with human rights and freedoms, and this is what the Sultanate of Oman has worked on and confirm in the provisions of its 1996 constitution and its amendments

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 08 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The study of nonlinear optical properties of rhodamine B dye and TiO2 nanoparticles doped in PMMA polymer
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In this research, A thin film of Rhodamine B dye and TiO2 Nanoparticles doped in PMMA Polymer has been prepared by a casting method. The sample was spectrum absorption by UV-Vis. The nonlinear optical properties were measured by Z- scan technique using Nd:YAG laser with (1064 nm) wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index (n2) and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) were estimated for the thin film for different energies of the laser, n2 and β were decreased with increasing intensity of incident laser beam. Also, the type of β was two-photon absorption and n2 negative nonlinear reflective.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 30 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
The Effect of Weighting Materials on the Rheological Properties of Iraqi and Commercial Bentonite in Direct Emulsion
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Numerous drilling additives and materials are used continuously because they are necessary to support and give the required properties of the drilling fluid so that to ensure the stability of the borehole. This paper aspires to evaluate the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite) Trefawey as an alternative to using commercial bentonite. Monitoring and evaluating of the rheological and filtration properties were prepared. This exertion aims to focus on the effect of hematite, and barite on the rheological properties of the three aforementioned bentonite types. An improvement in the rheological properties of bentonite (montmorillonite). Trefawey was observed after adding the previous heavy materials. Hematite has by some

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Years of service and academic achievement of kindergarten teachers and their relationship to promoting child mental health
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 ملخص البحث

      يعد البيت المكان الاجتماعي الأول الذي تبنى فيه الصحة النفسية لدى الفرد منذ بداية حياته كطفل  في ظل أسرته ، إلا أن الروضة تمتلك على الرغم من ذلك أثراً تكوينياً مهماٌ في حياة الطفل وعلى شخصيته ، والتي لا يمكن ان يقلُّ عن أثر الايجابي للبيت ؛ ذلك أن المفهوم الجديد لدور الروضة لا يقتصر بمجرد كونها مكانًا تقوم فيها المعلمة بتزويد الاطفال بالمعر

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 23 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Special Exercises for Developing Transitional Speed of Field Referees in Iraqi Soccer Primer League
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Biochemical And Cellular Archives
ISOLATION OF SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA FROM STUDENTS’ MAKEUP AS A PART OF BIOSAFETY IN THE MEDICAL LABORATORIES
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The bacterial contamination of lipsticks and face cream may become a great important matter in the medical laboratories. The present study was designed to determine the types of bacterial contamination in the face cream and lipsticks of undergraduate students. Also, the study aimed to determine the sensitivity of the isolated bacteria against many antibacterial agents. The study included 190 swabs samples from 190 face cream and lipsticks samples of the females’ students from five departments in the Medical Technology Institute, Almansour, Middle Technical University were collected in February 2018. The swab samples were collected with sterile condition and cultured on enriched Blood agar and MacConkey agar. Serial dilutions were made up

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2001
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
New record of ground pearls, Porphyrophora tritici (Bod.) (Homoptera, Margarodidae) as a pest of wheat in Iraq
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The ground pearls, Porphyrophora tritici (Bod.) is a new insect pest on wheat recorded for
the first time from Mousl Province, North of Iraq.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 06 2024
Journal Name
Fullerenes, Nanotubes And Carbon Nanostructures
Preparation and characterization of PVA/MWCNT nanocomposites: a composition dependence study of structural, optical and mechanical properties
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Effect Of Polar Component(1-Propanol) On The Relative Volatility Of The Binary System N-Hexane - Benzene
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Vapor-liquid equilibrium data are presented for the binary systems n-hexane - 1-propanol, benzene - 1-propanol and n-hexane – benzene at 760 mm of mercury pressure. In addition ternary data are presented at selected compositions with respect to the 1-propanol in the 1-propanol, benzene, n-hexane system at 760 mmHg. The results indicate the relative volatility of n-hexane relative to benzene increases appreciably with addition of 1-propanol.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Materials Today: Proceedings
The role of business incubators in supporting and developing the international competitiveness of small projects in Iraq
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