This paper proposes an on-line adaptive digital Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control algorithm based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Model. This research aims to design and implement Neural Network like a digital PID using FPGA in order to generate the best value of the hydrogen partial pressure action (PH2) to control the stack terminal output voltage of the (PEMFC) model during a variable load current applied. The on-line Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used for finding and tuning the optimal value of the digital PID-NN controller (kp, ki, and kd) parameters that improve the dynamic behavior of the closed-loop digital control fuel cell system and to achieve the stability of the desired output voltage of fuel cell. The numerical simulation results (MATLAB) package along with the schematic design experimental work using Spartan-3E xc3s500e-4fg320 board with the Xilinx development tool Integrated Software Environment (ISE) version 14.7 and using Verilog hardware description language for design testing are illustrated the performance enhancement of the proposed an adaptive intelligent FPGA-PID-NN controller in terms of error voltage reduction and generating optimal value of the hydrogen partial pressure action (PH2) without oscillation in the output and no saturation state when these results are compared with other controllers.
A field experiment was carried out in Horticulture Department / Collage of Agricultur e/University of Baghdad to study influence of adding ascorbic acid(asa) and bread yeast extract in snap bean cv.primel under irrigation with saline water using sodium chloride salt (NaCl) during spr ing season of 2016 .A factorial experiment using Randomized Complete Block Design( RCBD) with three replications wereconducted . The first factor includes three treatments of salinity which were tap water ( S0), 4ds.m-1(S1) and 8ds.m-1 (S2) . The second factor includes three treatments which were control treatment without any adding (C) ,ascorbic acid 0.3g.l-1( A ) and yeast extract 12g.l -1( Y ). Results showed significant and gradually decreases in all studie
... Show MoreBackground: The beneficial gut bacterium E. coli can cause blood poisoning, diarrhoea, and other gastrointestinal and systemic disorders. Objective: This study amid to examines the antibiofilm activity of Laurus nobilis leaves extract on E. coli isolates and compares pre- and post-treatment gene expression of fimA and papC genes. Subjects and Methods: Ten isolates of E. coli were obtained from the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Baghdad, which was previously collected from Baghdad city hospitals and diagnosed by chemical tests, the diagnosis was confirmed using VITEK-2 System. The preparation of the aqueous and methanolic Laurus nobilis leaves extracts was done by using the maceration method and Soxhlet appara
... Show MoreEvery researcher must say that the world in continually progress toward the best and that
the Arab and Islamic civilization had produced much of systems and virtuous educational
practices which raised from Islamic heritage. This nation was not isolated from external
world, but it was made a clear active for promote the banner of other nations which entered
under her influence to promote Islamic banner and Muslims. Consequently also Muslims are
affected and influenced, this resulted a clear impact in the civilization and educational
ideology especially in the contemporary teaching methods.
This study was included preparing acold aqueous extract of clove buds The study also comprised the isolation and studying the proteinous compound,which was seperated using gel filtration technique and determined approximately molecular weight of this isolated compound(6799) dalton . The aim of the study demonstrate effects of the crude aqueous, non proteinous extract, proteinous precipitate and proteinous compound on serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, also glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in liver and kidney tissues in diabetic mice-induced alloxan.Extracts were administerated interaperitioneally. The results were indicated that the crude aqueous, non proteinous extr
... Show MoreThe study aimed to explore the effectiveness of using rational judgment strategy in teaching science to develop scientific thinking for second-grade students. The researcher utilized the quasi-experimental approach based on (the pre/post designing) of two groups: experimental and control. As for tools: a test of scientific thinking prepared by the researcher that proved its verification of their validity and reliability. The test applied on a random sample of (66) students, divided into two groups: (34) experimental, and (32) control. The results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in the post-application of the scientific thinking test, In each skill separately, and in the total skills. The study recommende
... Show MoreBackground: Relapse of previously moved teeth, is major clinical problem in orthodontics with respect to the goals of successful treatment. This study investigated the effect of orthodontic relapse on the proliferation of fibroblast and epithelial rests of Malassez cells in periodontal ligament of rat molars. Materials and Methods: Sixteen ten-week- old male Wister rats were randomly divided into four groups composed of four animals each: Group I received no orthodontic force (control). In both Group II and Group III, uniform standardized expansive springs were used for moving the maxillary first molars buccally for periods of one and three weeks respectively. The spring initially generated an average expansive force of 20 g on each side.
... Show MoreAbstract:
Today, the financial and banking sector is witnessing a qualitative shift thanks to financial technology services, which provide their services to many individuals and companies in quick, easy and less expensive ways compared to traditional means. Financial technology is a new form of financial science that combines financial transactions and technological skills concerned with providing financial services and improving the work environment within Banking institutions, and financial technology provides many advantages such as lower transaction costs, instant payment, and saving more time and effort in conducting banking
... Show MoreThis research cancellations in life insurance policies and their impact on the solvency of the insurance companies (Applied Research in the Iraqi general insurance company), The study was descriptive approach in identifying and addressing variables which consists of {cancellations in life insurance} independent variable, the financial solvency of insurance companies as the dependent variable, and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research were formulated one hypothesis has been tested in the Iraqi insurance company, the researcher used the financial statements in the collection data needed for the study and information . The research found a number of conclusions highlighted that inflation, as well as economic variables
... Show Moreچکیده
کشورعراق مرزهای زمینی ایران دارد که علاوه بر این ، مشترکات وروابط متعدد اقتصادی ،سیاسی، فرهنگی ودينى ميان هر دو ملت می باشند . عراق بعلت موقعیت جغرافیایی ونزدیکی به ایران سهم بیشتری برای ورود واژه های فارسی به لهجه ی خود داشت ، علاوه بر این رویدادهای سیاسی متقابل قدیم و جدید میان دو کشور سبب ورود بسیاری از لغات فارسی به لهجه ی عراقی شد که کاربرد این لغات هم اکنون در لهجه ی عراقی آشکار است ، ای
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