Preferred Language
Articles
/
joe-1109
Financing Cost Optimization in Construction Sector: A Review
...Show More Authors

The main aim of this research is to introduce financing cost optimization and different financing alternatives. There are many studies about financing cost optimization. All previous studies considering the cost of financing have many shortcomings, some considered only one source of financing as a credit line without taking into account different financing alternatives. Having only one funding alternative powers, restricts contractors and leads to a very specific financing model. Although it is beneficial for the contractor to use a long-term loan to minimize interest charges and prevent a substantial withdrawal from his credit line, none of the existing financial-based planning models have considered long-term loans in their models or included a schedule of borrowed money and a repayment schedule with interest rates. The aim of this study is not only to eliminate the shortcomings of previous studies but also to incorporate a financing optimization model for various funding alternatives available to contractors in terms of funding sources and forms, cash provision times, interest rates and repayment options. This work proposes a financing optimization model, not only to remove the limitations but also to find optimal financing costs while offering the financing schedule without increasing the project duration and adjusting the starting times of the activities.

Crossref
View Publication Preview PDF
Quick Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Suitable Investment environment For business sector in Iraq
...Show More Authors

        Investment Bases directly and closely to an environment characterized by political, social and economic stability, and through a range of policies and institutions and economic laws that affect investor confidence and convince him directing investments to country without the other, where inter conditions and circumstances affecting the trends of capital and settle in, and political situation of the country and what is characterized of stability or disorder as well as economic conditions that are affected by what is distinguishes the country from geographic and demographic characteristics are reflected on availability of production elements and country's infrastructure.

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Entry cost based on activity-based cost specifications and comparative study
...Show More Authors

Several recent approaches focused on the developing of traditional systems to measure the costs to meet the new environmental requirements, including Attributes Based Costing (ABCII). It is method of accounting is based on measuring the costs according to the Attributes that the product is designed on this basis and according to achievement levels of all the Attribute of the product attributes. This research provides the knowledge foundations of this approach and its role in the market-oriented compared to the Activity based costing as shown in steps to be followed to apply for this Approach. The research problem in the attempt to reach the most accurate Approach in the measurement of the cost of products from th

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Sensors
WDARS: A Weighted Data Aggregation Routing Strategy with Minimum Link Cost in Event-Driven WSNs
...Show More Authors

Realizing the full potential of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) highlights many design issues, particularly the trade-offs concerning multiple conflicting improvements such as maximizing the route overlapping for efficient data aggregation and minimizing the total link cost. While the issues of data aggregation routing protocols and link cost function in a WSNs have been comprehensively considered in the literature, a trade-off improvement between these two has not yet been addressed. In this paper, a comprehensive weight for trade-off between different objectives has been employed, the so-called weighted data aggregation routing strategy (WDARS) which aims to maximize the overlap routes for efficient data aggregation and link cost

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (38)
Crossref (22)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Financing and its impact on municipal performance in the municipalities of Missan governorate for the period (2011-2018)
...Show More Authors

The research aims to show the role or extent of the impact of financing in its various forms on the municipal performance before and after the financial deficit through relying on the analytical research methodology of the research community represented by the Directorate General of Municipalities and the Directorate of Maysan municipalities as a sample of research (13) municipal institutions for a period of (8) years, Considering the completion of the final accounts of these years, which provides the necessary data for the study, in addition to the variation in the quality and amounts of grants allocated to municipal institutions during these years, which gives a clearer and more comprehensive picture of the reality of allocatio

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
factors determining pricing strategies in Iraqi business market – on analytic study in a number of industrial sector companies
...Show More Authors

Pricing has an important position among the elements of marketing mixture (4ps) as it represents revenues that in turn represent one of the important  pillars' for resources affecting on organizations sustainability and development , and the failure in determining prices and their strategies has a dangerous effect on the organizations reality and future as a whole . from this point,  this is what from the focus of the research problem,which centered on how to get companies to critical price that satisfies customers and achieve corporate objectives.                          

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2022
Journal Name
Scientific Research Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science
Cryptography Techniques - A Review
...Show More Authors

l

Publication Date
Mon Jul 18 2022
Journal Name
World Bulletin Of Public Health (wbph)
WASTEWATER TREATMENTS: A REVIEW
...Show More Authors

Many water supplies are now contaminated by anthropogenic sources such as domestic and agricultural waste, as well as manufacturing activities, the public's concern about the environmental effects of wastewater contamination has grown. Several traditional wastewater treatment methods, such as chemical coagulation, adsorption, and activated sludge, have been used to eliminate pollution; however, there are several drawbacks, most notably high operating costs, because of its low operating and repair costs, the usage of aerobic waste water treatment as a reductive medium is gaining popularity. Furthermore, it is simple to produce and has a high efficacy and potential to degrade pollu

... Show More
Publication Date
Wed Aug 27 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Medical And Life Science
Black Francolin (Francolinus Francolinus) in Iraq: A Review
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Nov 23 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Oral And Dental Research
iaor.net - Common Errors in Panoramic Radiographs: A review
...Show More Authors

Zainab M. Al-Bahrani Department of Oral Diagnosis, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.Corresponding author: Zainab M. Al-Bahra...

View Publication
Publication Date
Fri Sep 29 2023
Journal Name
Cumhuriyet Dental Journal
Root Resorption in the Permanent Teeth. A Review
...Show More Authors

The loss of dental hard tissue as a result of odontoclastic activity is known as root resorption. It is unwanted and pathological in permanent teeth. Root resorption may happen within the root canal called internal root resorption or on the outer surface of the root called external root resorption. Regardless of where it occurs, root resorption is irreparable, can cause pain for the patient, necessitates treatment, and in some circumstances, resulting in the early loss of the affected tooth. It might be challenging to precisely diagnose and treat root resorption. There is limited information within literatures on root resorption therefore this review aims to understand the radiological and clinical characteristics of r

... Show More
View Publication
Scopus (1)
Crossref (1)
Scopus Crossref