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Bat Algorithm Based an Adaptive PID Controller Design for Buck Converter Model
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The aim of this paper is to design a PID controller based on an on-line tuning bat optimization algorithm for the step-down DC/DC buck converter system which is used in the battery operation of the mobile applications. In this paper, the bat optimization algorithm has been utilized to obtain the optimal parameters of the PID controller as a simple and fast on-line tuning technique to get the best control action for the system. The simulation results using (Matlab Package) show the robustness and the effectiveness of the proposed control system in terms of obtaining a suitable voltage control action as a smooth and unsaturated state of the buck converter input voltage of ( ) volt that will stabilize the buck converter system performance. The simulation results show also that the proposed control system when compared with the other controllers results has the capability of minimizing the rising time to (  sec) and the settling time to (  sec) in the transient response and minimizing the voltage tracking error of the system output to ( ) volt at the steady state response. Furthermore, the number of fitness evaluations is decreased.

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
PART 3 New Experiments Three Factors On The Box plot, Box notch & Outlier Values
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New two experiments of the three factors, in this study were constructed to investigate the effects, of the fixed variations to the box plot on subjects' judgments of the box lengths. These two experiments were constructed as an extension to the group B experiments, the ratio experiments the experiments with two variables carried out previously by Hussin, M.M. (1989, 2006, 2007). The first experiment box notch experiment, and the second experiment outlier values experiment. Subjects were asked to judge what percentage the shorter represented of the longer length in pairs of box lengths and give an estimate of percentage, one being a standard plot and the other being of a different box lengths and

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Test the impact of instability on the pattern of spending by the Iraqi consumer
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يحتل موضوع الاستهلاك اهمية كبيرة في الدراسات الاقتصادية في حالتي السلم والحرب وذلك لارتباط هذا الموضوع بالانسان والمجتمع ولكونه احد مؤشرات مستوى الرفاهية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية وتزداد اهمية ضبط حركة هذا المتغير السلوكي والكمي في زمن الحرب اكثر مما هو عليه في حالة السلم، في هذا البحث تم استخدام بيانات احصائية عن الانفاق الاستهلاكي الخاص ونصيب الفرد من الدخل القومي اضافة الى الرقم القياسي لاسعار المس

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Detection of Parvovirus B19 DNA in pregnant Sudanese women attending The Military hospital using Nested PCR technique : Detection of Parvovirus B19 DNA in pregnant Sudanese women
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Background: Parvovirus B19 is a human pathogenic virus associated with a wide range of clinical conditions. During pregnancy congenital infection with parvovirus B19 can be associated with poor outcome, including miscarriage, fetal anemia and non-immune hydrops.  

Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalenceof Parvovirus B19 DNA in pregnant women attending the Military hospital in Khartoum, demonstrating the association between the virus and poor pregnancy outcomes.

Subjects and methods: This study was a cross sectional study, testing pregnant Sudanese women whole blood samples (n= 97) for the presence of Parvovirus B1

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Interdisciplinary Mathematics
α–connected fibrewise topological spaces
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The theory of Topological Space Fiber is a new and essential branch of mathematics, less than three decades old, which is created in forced topologies. It was a very useful tool and played a central role in the theory of symmetry. Furthermore, interdependence is one of the main things considered in topology fiber theory. In this regard, we present the concept of topological spaces α associated with them and study the most important results.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
URAL BATIR DESTANINDA SÖZ TEKRARLARI
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Tekrarlar, anlamı kuvvetlendirmek, ifadeyi zenginleştirmek amacıyla kullanılan dil unsurlarıdır. Ural Batır destanı da tekrarlar, özellikle de ikilemeler açısından zengindir. Bu yazıda, Ural Batır destanındaki ikilemeler gruplandırılarak verilecek ve değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.

Abstract

Word repeating is language items used for strengthen the meaning and riching the expression. By this view, Ural Batır epic is a good example for word repeating units. In this paper, Ural Batır epic’s word repeating has been presented by classification.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
User-Oriented Preference Toward a Recommender System
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            Nowadays, it is convenient for us to use a search engine to get our needed information. But sometimes it will misunderstand the information because of the different media reports. The Recommender System (RS) is popular to use for every business since it can provide information for users that will attract more revenues for companies. But also, sometimes the system will recommend unneeded information for users. Because of this, this paper provided an architecture of a recommender system that could base on user-oriented preference. This system is called UOP-RS. To make the UOP-RS significantly, this paper focused on movie theatre information and collect the movie database from the IMDb website that provides informatio

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Performance Evaluation and Comparison Between LDPC and Turbo Coded MC-CDMA
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This work presents a comparison between the Convolutional Encoding CE, Parallel Turbo code and Low density Parity Check (LDPC) coding schemes with a MultiUser Single Output MUSO Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system over multipath fading channels. The decoding technique used in the simulation was iterative decoding since it gives maximum efficiency at higher iterations. Modulation schemes used is Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM. An 8 pilot carrier were
used to compensate channel effect with Least Square Estimation method. The channel model used is Long Term Evolution (LTE) channel with Technical Specification TS 25.101v2.10 and 5 MHz bandwidth bandwidth including the channels of indoor to outdoor/ pedestrian

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of salary Domiciliation in the rate of return on assets (ROA): Applied research of a sample of Iraqi banks
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Abstract

The research attempted to find an explanation and solution to a problem related to the fluctuation and decrease In the rate of return on assets for the research sample banks during the duration of the research, The search started from the hypothesis that, The effect of salary Domiciliation on the banking profitability of a sample of Iraqi banks participating in the salary settlement system for the period (2016-2019),The research used the descriptive historical approach, the quantitative analytical approach and the statistical approach. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is The effect of salary Domiciliation on banking profitability was achieved in three banks

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 22 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Replacement of Line Loads acting on slabs to equivalent uniformly Distributed Loads
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This study aims to derive a general relation between line loads that acting on two-way slab system and the equivalent uniformly distributed loads. This relation will be so useful to structural designer that are used to working with a uniformly distributed load and enable them to use the traditional methods for analysis of two-way systems (e.g. Direct Design Method). Two types of slab systems, Slab System with Beams and Flat Slab Systems, have been considered in this study to include the effect of aspect ratio and type of slab on the proposed relation. Five aspect ratios, l2/l1 of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0, have been considered for both types of two-way systems.
All necessary finite element analyses have been executed with SAFE Soft

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 31 2013
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Pressure Control of Electro-Hydraulic Servovalve and Transmission Line Effect
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The effected of the long transmission line (TL) between the actuator and the hydraulic control valve sometimes essentials. The study is concerned with modeling the TL which carries the oil from the electro-hydraulic servovalve to the actuator. The pressure value inside the TL has been controlled by the electro-hydraulic servovalve as a voltage supplied to the servovalve amplifier. The flow rate through the TL has been simulated by using the lumped π element electrical analogy method for laminar flow. The control voltage supplied to servovalve can be achieved by the direct using of the voltage function generator or indirect C++ program connected to the DAP-view program built in the DAP-card data acqu

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