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Two – Dimensional Mathematical Model to Study Erosion Problem of Tigris River Banks at Nu’maniyah
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The high and low water levels in Tigris River threaten the banks of the river. The study area is located on the main stream of Tigris River at Nu’maniyah City and the length of the considered reach is 5.4 km, especially the region from 400 m upstream Nu’maniyah Bridge and downstream of the bridge up to 1250 mwhich increased the risk ofthe problemthat itheading towardsthe streetand causingdanger tonearbyareas.

The aim of this research is to identify the reason of slope collapse and find proper treatments for erosion problem in the river banks with the least cost. The modeling approach consisted of several steps, the first of which  is by using “mini” JET (Jet Erosion Test) device provides a simple method of measuring scour depth with the time for the riverbank and finding values of critical shear stress and erodibility factor for ten soil samples taken from right bank and bottom of Tigris River; the second of which involved setting up a static BSTEM software for two models (with and without treatment), then calculating the erosion amounts and factor of safety for the ten soil samples; the third approach involved implementing a two dimensional RMA2 to simulate four scenarios to find  the velocity, water depth, and water surface elevation distributions for two models (with and without treatment). Therefore, observed erosion in other discharges in natural case near the right bank [especially at cross section that are located in Tigris River at Nu’maniyah City from 500 m upstream Nu’maniyah Bridge and cross section that are located from 1800 m downstream Nu’maniyah Bridge] is high because of high erodibility coefficient in those cross sections that  causes high erosion. Also, failure occurs in natural case of Tigris River at Nu’maniyah City  because of erosion near the right bank and does not occur because of slope stability failure for right bank where the range of the velocities near the right bank for the study area for most discharges is  between 0.67 and 0.91 m/s. In addition to experimental work using "mini" JET device shows high erodibility coefficient in those cross sections  and (2+900)  which confirms that this device is  very good indicator for the possibility of bank scour. The velocities upstream of the island and near the right bank in the study area are between 0.64 and 1.47 m/s, while downstream of the island is between 0.64 and 1.04 m/s. In addition to soil of Tigris River right bank at Nu’maniyah is silty soil, the scour velocity is higher than 0.5 m/s, therefore the right bank is safe against scour only when the discharges of Tigris River are less than 500 m3/s. Thus, vegetation is unsafe treatment on right bank of Tigris River at Nu’maniyah City. The velocity causes removal of plants since treatment for river bank is 0.61 m/s where velocities near bank at most discharges are higher than this limit. Thus, treatment by riprap is the proper choice on the right bank of Tigris River at Nu’maniyah City because its cost with maintenance is 2 billion IQD less than gabion treatment in addition to velocity reduction ratio along the right bank by riprap ranges from 15% to 85%, while velocity reduction ratio along the right bank by gabion ranges from 8% to 25%, respectively.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2022
Journal Name
Environmental Research
Can electrocoagulation technology be integrated with wastewater treatment systems to improve treatment efficiency?
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Considerable amounts of domestic and industrial wastewater that should be treated before reuse are discharged into the environment annually. Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical technology in which electrical current is conducted through electrodes, it is mainly used to remove several types of wastewater pollutants, such as dyes, toxic materials, oil content, chemical oxygen demand, and salinity, individually or in combination with other processes. Electrocoagulation technology used in hybrid systems along with other technologies for wastewater treatment are reviewed in this work, and the articles reviewed herein were published from 2018 to 2021. Electrocoagulation is widely employed in integrated systems with other electrochemical tech

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
Applied Sciences
Machine Learning Techniques to Detect a DDoS Attack in SDN: A Systematic Review
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The recent advancements in security approaches have significantly increased the ability to identify and mitigate any type of threat or attack in any network infrastructure, such as a software-defined network (SDN), and protect the internet security architecture against a variety of threats or attacks. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are among the most popular techniques for preventing distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on any kind of network. The objective of this systematic review is to identify, evaluate, and discuss new efforts on ML/DL-based DDoS attack detection strategies in SDN networks. To reach our objective, we conducted a systematic review in which we looked for publications that used ML/DL approach

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 20 2023
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
A Review Article: Green Synthesis by using Different Plants to preparation Oxide Nanoparticles
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Green nanotechnology is a thrilling and rising place of technology and generation that bracesthe ideas of inexperienced chemistry with ability advantages for sustainability, protection, andthe general protection from the race human. The inexperienced chemistry method introduces aproper technique for the production, processing, and alertness of much less dangerous chemicalsubstances to lessen threats to human fitness and the environment. The technique calls for inintensity expertise of the uncooked materials, particularly in phrases in their creation intonanomaterials and the resultant bioactivities that pose very few dangerous outcomes for peopleand the environment. In the twenty-first century, nanotechnology has become a systematic

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 01 2008
Journal Name
2008 International Symposium On Information Technology
Algebraic strategy to generate pairwise test set for prime number parameters and variables
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 23 2022
Journal Name
Arab World English Journal
Impoliteness Formulas, Triggers, and Purposes to Refusal as Employed by Iraqi English Learners
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The present study aims at scrutinizing the impoliteness types, causes, and purposes utilized by Iraqi English language learners when refusing marriage proposals. Thus, it attempts to answer the questions: (1) what are the impoliteness formulas used by the Iraqi learners of English in refusing marriage proposals?, and (2) What are their impoliteness triggers/causes and the purposes? The study is significant in bridging the gap that few linguistic types of research concentrate on studying intentionality and emotions allied with impoliteness. Data were collected from 35 Iraqi learners of English responding to 6 situations of marriage. The data were analyzed using Culpeper’s (2011) formulas of impoliteness and Bousfield’s (2007) impolite

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 29 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Advertisement content in the Iraqi satellite channels and their commitment to advertisement ethics.
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The problem of the study is to monitor the content presented in the Iraqi satellite channels to identify the nature of the ideas contained in these ads and to identify the values ​​carried by the creative strategies and ad campaigns that use. Where the satellite is one of the most important technological developments in the field of communications in the nineties and the ads in various forms and functions one of the contents provided by satellite channels where these channels are keen to direct their messages in particular and communication, in general, to address a certain audience and convince and influence in order to achieve certain purposes of the source Or the body from which it originates, especially those that result in an in

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 31 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The public's reliance on satellite channels to get information about human rights issues
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The research aimed to study the role that the media play in shaping the public knowledge of human rights issues among the people of Kirkuk, which will be the focus of the study. The research was conducted by applying a survey panel to a random sample of the city's audience. The research dealt with the theoretical aspect of a theory that relied on the media, and the loans provided by the theory, on the basis of which the research was conducted and the research problem was determined based on a major question: What is the role that the mass media play in developing the knowledge of members of the public on human rights and the relationship between the intensity of view in that, as well as the identification of the effect of two variables G

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Publication Date
Fri May 15 2020
Journal Name
Pharmacy Practice
Barriers to healthcare access for Arabic-speaking population in an English-speaking country
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Objective: To identify barriers to healthcare access, to assess the health literacy levels of the foreign-born Arabic speaking population in Iowa, USA and to measure their prevalence of seeking preventive healthcare services. Methods: A cross-sectional study of native Arabic speaking adults involved a focus group and an anonymous paper-based survey. The focus group and the Andersen Model were used to develop the survey questionnaire. The survey participants were customers at Arabic grocery stores, worshippers at the city mosque and patients at free University Clinic. Chi-square test was used to measure the relationship between the characteristics of survey participants and preventive healthcare services. Thematic analysis was

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Women in isolation in the play's marriage to Edward Albee Marriage Play (1987)
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Edward Albee's career extends to more than fifty years during which he has exposed different images of male and female protagonists  mostly within the same frame; domestic instability.  Albee's men and women are middle-class couples who find themselves entrapped in a meaningless world. Most, if not all, of Albee's men are detached from their wives due to existential problems or middle- age crises. Women, therefore find themselves obliged to sustain their husbands and marriages alone. Women in Albee's élan are cynical, frustrated, articulate as well as brave, strong and domineering.

    Marriage Play is one of Albee’s works that tackled such  image of these women. The play was comm

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 19 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Directing Techniques to Process the Radio Drama Script ( Khata'a Play as a Sample)
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     The radio drama is considered to be one of the arts that is discovered after a long period of theater's discovery. Initially , it was the broad framework of the theater's work when radio was broadcasting the shows on the huge theaters. This beginning encouraged many of the radio specialists to correlate plays with radio and make a novice and distinctive type of art. Thus, radio drama made its first step including the following   ( plays, short and long series drama as well as other types of radio arts). Because of the above mentioned , the researcher is stimulating  to study directing techniques to process the radio drama script ( Khata'a play as a sample).

The first chapter deals with the

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