Rate of zinc consumption during the cathodic protection of copper pipeline which carries saline water was measured by weight loss technique in the absence and presence of bacteria. Variables studied were solution flow rate, temperature, time and NaCl concentration. It was found that within the present range of variables; the rate of zinc consumption increases with the increase of all operating conditions. The presence of bacteria increases the zinc consumption. Fourth order multi-term model and one-term model were suggested to represent the consumption data. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to estimate the coefficients of these models, while statistical analysis was used to determine the effect of each coefficient. Both models were re

There are many causes for epistaxis but it is mainly idiopathic in type. In Management of epistaxis there are different modality either medical or cautery(chemical or galvanic) recently laser is used in management of epistaxis. The type of laser used in current study was 810 nm diode laser. The aim of the study is to evaluate its efficiency in control of active and non active idiopathic epistaxis; The design of the study is interventional therapeutic trial. The study was performed from December 2011 to December 2012 in Al Yarmouk teaching hospital at otorhinolaryngology department. In current study the diode laser is used in different power with same exposure time in all application; The power density is measured and choose the best one

Background: Ejection fraction have been used frequently
for assessment of the left ventricular function, but can be
associated with errors in which myocardial performance
index have been used as another parameter to measure the
left ventricular function.
Objective: selecting another echocardiography parameter
for the assessment of myocardial in function instead of the
ejection fraction.
Methods: 160 patients referred to the echocardiogram unit
from the period december 2007 to august 2008 requesting
assessment of left ventricular function. After clinical
examination, routine blood tests; chest x-ray and
electrocardiographic recording have been completed. All
patients informed to come for this unit af

This work was conducted to study the oxidation of phenol in aqueous solution using copper based catalyst with zinc as promoter and different carrier, i.e. γ-Alumina and silica. These catalysts were prepared by impregnation method.
The effect of catalyst composition, pH (5.6-9), phenol to catalyst concentration ratio (2-0.5), air feed rate (30-50) ml/s, stirring speed (400-800) rpm, and temperature (80-100) °C were examined in order to find the best conditions for phenol conversion.
The best operating conditions which lead to maximum phenol conversion (73.1%) are : 7.5 pH, 4/6 phenol to catalyst concentration, 40 ml/s air feed rate, 600 rpm stirring speed, and 100 °C reaction temperature. The reaction involved an induction period

Firstly, in this study, a brief updated description and applications of different solar collectors used in renewable energy systems for supplying electric and thermal energy was presented. Secondly, an attempt was made to utilize tilting orientation of solar collector for maximizing collector energy with time in respect to horizontal orientation. For energy calculation, global solar radiation was used since they are directly related.  For that purpose, field measurements of half-hourly radiation on two flat panels of tilting and horizontal orientations were carried out throughout 8-month period under local climate of Baghdad. Then, energy gain and radiation level averages were calculated based on the field radiation

Background: Atrophic postoperative and traumatic scarring are common cosmetic problems for patients. Combining CO2 laser ablation with a fractional photothermolysis system in a treatment known as ablative fractional resurfacing fulfilling the new demands for a lesser risk of side effects and minimal or no downtime.Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of ablation fractional CO2 laser treatments for surgical scarring .methods: Twenty one patient ( 14 women, and 7 men ) with various skin types , I to IV , aged 3 to 48 years , presents with 24 scars between June and December 2012 , four patients excluded from study because they are not continued in follow up , the remaining 17 patient completed all 3 treatments & 6 months follow

Current research strives to achieve the following aims:

1. Develop a scale for dominant values of Tikrit university students.
2. Measuring the dominant of Tikrit university students.
3. Identifying the significant differences among dominant values of Tikrit university students according to(sex, specialty, time).
4. Measuring the dominant values of each one of the six fields of the scale.
5. Identifying the differences in dominant values of each field according to the sex variables.

The current research has limi

The present research deal with ecological and geographical distribution of species and genera of Primulaceae in Iraq. The results were revealed that species distributed in the north , north-east and west of Iraq. Anagallis arvensis L. is the most prevalent species tolerant to different environmental conditions, while the species of Primula L. characterized as less widespread and limited in one District. In addition, the districts Rawanduz (MRO) and Sulaymaniyah (MSU) have ranked first in distribution of the species on geographical districts with (75%), while the districts southern desert (DSD) and Basra (LBA) in last place with (16.7%). Maps for geographical distribution for all species were illustrated.