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The increasing demand for energy has encouraged the development of renewable
resources and environmentally benign fuel such as biodiesel. In this study, ethyl fatty
esters (EFEs), a major component of biodiesel fuel, were synthesized from soybean oil
using sodium ethoxide as a catalyst. By-products were glycerol and difatty acyl urea
(DFAU), which has biological characteristics, as antibiotics and antifungal medications.
Both EFEs and DFAU have been characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)
spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The optimum
conditions were studied as a function of reaction time, reactant molar ratios, catalyst
percentage and the effect of organic solvents. The conversion ratio of soybea
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