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STUDY OF BASIC CHEMICAL COMPONENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LEMONGRASS LEAVES (Cymbopogon citratus): STUDY OF BASIC CHEMICAL COMPONENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LEMONGRASS LEAVES (Cymbopogon citratus)
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The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity using different concentrations of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of dried lemongrass leaves. Chemical phytochemical tests were performed for aqueous and alcoholic extracts of lemongrass. Antimicrobials activity was tested using agar disc diffusion method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of the study showed that the aqueous extract of dried lemon leaves was highly effective (P≤0.05) against S. aureus, as the inhibition diameter was 22 mm for 50 dilution, while the inhibition diameter decreased to 15 mm for concentration 100. As for the alcoholic extract only, the diameter of inhibition decreased significantly (P≤0.05) as it was 16 mm for 50 dilution, and the diameter of inhibition decreased significantly (P≤0.05) to 8 mm for concentration 100 for S. aureus as well. The results of the study also showed that the effect of the alcoholic extract of lemongrass against E. coli was high, as the inhibition diameter was 20 mm for dilution 50, and a significant decrease (P≤0.05) fell to 12 mm for concentration 100. While the results of the study showed that the effect of alcoholic extract of lemongrass against E. coli the diameter of the inhibition was 14 mm for the dilution of 50, and it decreased significantly (P≤0.05) to zero for the concentration of 100. From all of that, we conclude that both the aqueous and alcoholic extract.                                              

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effect of Obesity and Socioeconomic Status on Adolescents' High School Students' Intelligence Quotient in Baghdad City
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Objective(s): To determine the effect of obesity and socioeconomic status upon adolescents' high school students' intelligence quotient in Baghdad City. Methodology: A descriptive design is carried throughout the study to determine the effect of obesity and socioeconomic status on adolescents' high schools students' intelligence quotient in Baghdad City for the period of January 7th 2017 to May 29th 2017. A non-probability, purposive sample, of (120) high school students, is selected. The sample is comprised of (12) students from 7th grade, (26) students from 8 th grade, (14) students from 9th grade, (3

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 10 2025
Journal Name
Central Asian Journal Of Medical And Natural Science
Microbial Load Comparison Between Clinical and Non-Clinical Student Environments in Al-Kindy College of Medicine
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The environmental surfaces hygiene of college premises like classrooms play role in spreading different pathogenic bacteria, furthermore a Medical students are often potential vectors for resistant bacteria to their entourage. This study aimed to assess bacterial contamination and their susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents in the educational classroom of Al-Kindy College of medicine in two classrooms: one occupied by clinical visitor and non-clinical visitor students to evaluate and determine its health risk. In this cross-sectional study, different sites of the educational classroom of Al-Kindy College of medicine were studied.  Ninety-sex Different swab samples were collected from 8 different sites of college across bot

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Solid State Technology
Building Operational Sequence and Control of Fire Tube Boilers Using Ladder Logic with Zeliosoft Smart Relay
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This research is a case study to solve control problems in Al Rasheed edible oil factory fire tube boilers. they have hopes to develop a new control system to manage boilers operation. The suggestion is to use Zelio soft programmable relays instead of the unavailable old control units. Operation philosophy was studied through works of literature, operation manuals, and standards. Programmable logic control relay is proposed as an advanced selection than PLC's. Boilers operation is accompanied by operation risks. many boilers were exploded in Iraq for different reasons. Some problems are attributed to manual operation mistakes. Extensive work was done to understand the operation sequence, emergency shutdown, and faults causing the trips. A c

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Moisture Susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures Modified by Nano Silica and Subjected to Aging Process
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Moisture damage is described as a reduction in stiffness and strength durability in asphalt mixtures due to moisture. This study investigated the influence of adding nano silica (NS) to the Asphalt on the moisture susceptibility of hot-mix-asphalt (HMA) mixtures under different aging conditions. NS was mixed with asphalt binder at concentrations of 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight of the binder. To detect the microstructure changes of modified Asphalt and estimate the dispersion of NS within the Asphalt, the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used. To examine the performance of Asphalt mixed with NS at different aging stages (short-term and long-term aging), asphalt mixture tests such as Marshall stability,

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 02 2025
Journal Name
Retos
Varied-method training and its effect on developing some functional physical abilities of youth basketball players
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Objective: Preparing training in a diverse style for young basketball players, and identifying the effect of training in a diverse style on some physical abilities (for young basketball players).Research methodology: the researchers chose the experimental method to know the research problem and its objectives, as it is represented by designing two equal groups, the control and the experimental, with pre- and post-tests. The study community was determined by youth basketball players for the 2023-2024 season, as the research community is (104) players, and a sample of (20) players was drawn from the youth category from Al-A'dhamiyah Sports Club, and it was chosen intentionally because they are the clubs most committed to training, as

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Agriculture (pol'nohospodárstvo)
Molecular detection of ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma australasia’ and ‘<i>Ca.</i> P. cynodontis’ in Iraq
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Abstract<p>The association of phytoplasma was investigated in symptomatic tomato (<italic>Solanum lycopersicum</italic> L.), eggplant (<italic>Solanum melongen</italic> L.), mallow (<italic>Malva</italic> spp.) and Bermuda grass (<italic>Cynodon dactylon</italic> L.) plants exhibiting witches’ broom and white leaf diseases, respectively. Total DNA was extracted from tomato (n=3), eggplant (n=2), mallow (n=2) and Bermuda grass (n=8) samples. Direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using P1/P7 primer set, then PCR products were sequenced. Sequences obtained from tomato, eggplant and mallow shared 99% maximum nucleotide identity with phytoplasm</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 02 2017
Journal Name
International Food Research Journal
Extraction and purification of cytotoxic compounds from Premna serratifolia L.(bebuas) for human breast cancer treatment.
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Technique and music of letter poetry in Nali’s poetry: هونەر و مۆسیقای «پیتەشیعر» له شیعری نالیدا
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Musicality is a fundamental feature of poetry that takes the interest of scholars and critics. Most poets rely on a variety of literary devices and techniques to bring music to their work like rhymes - words that appear at the end of lines in poetry - and on arranging words techniques in such a way to create a pseudo melody, which is achieved primarily by patterning (or repeating) certain sounds. Such a poetic rhetorical and verbal enhancer’s aspect represented ever since the beginning of the classical poetry has been manifested more evidently in Nali’s poetry. His poetry is marked with particular letters that have played a substantial role in the rhyming that rings like cymbals or jingle like internal elevated rhymes. Within a descr

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 29 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Development and in vitro Evaluation of Bioadhesive Vaginal Tablet using Econazole Nitrate as a Model Drug
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         In this study, a bioadhesive dosage form of eoconazole nitrate for vaginal delivery was designed using a combination of bioadhesive polymers: Carbopol 941 p and sodium carboxymethylcellulose or methylcellulose in different ratios. The bioadhesive strength was evaluated by measuring the force required to detach the tablet from sheep vaginal mucosal membrane. It was found that the bioadhesive force was directly proportional to Carbopol 941 p content in the different formulae. The formulae were tested for their swelling behavior using agar gel plate method. The results showed that formulae containing a combination of Carbopol 941 p and sodium carboxymethylcellulose had greater swelling index

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2010
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Comparison of the RLS and LMS Algorithms to Remove Power Line Interference Noise from ECG Signal
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    Biomedical signal such as ECG is extremely important in the diagnosis of patients and is commonly recorded with a noise. Many different kinds of noise exist in biomedical environment such as Power Line Interference Noise (PLIN). Adaptive filtering is selected to contend with these defects, the adaptive filters can adjust the filter coefficient with the given filter order. The objectives of this paper are: first an application of the Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, Second is an application of the Recursive Least Square (RLS) algorithm to remove the PLIN. The LMS and RLS algorithms of the adaptive filter were proposed to adapt the filter order and the filter coefficients simultaneously, the performance of existing LMS

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